Materials Literature
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The objective of this research was to reinforce natural rubber with silica prepared from rice husk. Rice husk was cleaned with tap water, then treated with 0.4M hydrochloric acid at 105oC for 3 hours. The treated rice husk was burnt at 600oC for 6 hours. The resulting white ash contained as high as 99.6 % silica. The…
Ag(I)-promoted oxidation of (5,15-diaryl-10-phenylethynyl-porphyrinato)zinc(II) complexes in CHCl3 gave directly linked 12,13-dehydropurpurin-porphyrin dyads, the structures of which were revealed by X-ray analysis.
The errors involved in precision lattice parameter determination fall into three broad groups: errors that can be corrected by applying a multiplication factor to the determined parameter(s), errors arising from a constant shift in peak position, and errors arising from a Bragg angle dependent shift in peak position.…
The design of a new instrument is described along with results demonstrating the capabilities of in situ preparation and analysis. The purpose of the ARTOSS experiment is the preparation and analysis of multi-component surface layers on materials – in particular those which are well-suited for the first wall of presen…
Plasticizer migration studies dealing with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) sheets and liquid surrounding media revealed two parallel phenomena, migration of plasticizer and liquid penetration, that take place simultaneously. The present work was focused on correlating the structural differences of the PVC material with the…
This paper is aimed at investigating the possibility of detecting and estimating hydrogen absorption on standard cylindrical electrodes in single-compartment electrochemical cells, to avoid classical measurements with membrane-shaped samples in double-compartment cells that cannot be carried out in many practical situ…
At the Tritium Process Laboratory (TPL) at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), Caisson Assembly for Tritium Safety study (CATS) with 12 m3 of large airtight vessel (Caisson) was fabricated for confirmation and enhancement of fusion reactor safety to estimate tritium behavior in the case where a tritium…
The dissolution of metal during the passivation of Fe-Cr alloys has been studied in situ as a function of alloy composition in order to investigate the critical Cr content required for corrosion protection. This is achieved using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microprobe analysis on a sputter-deposited Fe-Cr thin film…
The PBMR project should be seen against the background of the particular economic circumstances of Eskom, the project's dominant investor. On the one hand Eskom is one of the world's largest utilities by generation, with total capacity of almost 40 000 MWe, of which about 85% is coal-fired. South Africa's single nucle…
At relatively low electric fields the conduction of thin films (2–6 µm) of the discotic liquid crystal (HAT6–PTP9) sandwiched between ITO electrodes and homeotropically aligned is low and is consistent with space-charge limited behaviour. However when annealed at high temperatures and electric fields the films undergo…
Cyclic polarization measurements have been made on abraded Al in near neutral borate, chromate, phosphate, and sulfate solutions. In both borate and chromate solutions, the currents continued to decrease with each subsequent cycle due to oxide thickening. In contrast, a significant rate of oxide dissolution occurred t…
The decomposition behavior of titanium tetraisopropoxide [TTIP, on Si(100) has been studied using a thermal desorption technique in vacuum. TTIP is dissociated on Si(100) at temperatures below 350 K so that the silicon surface is covered with isopropoxy ligands and hydrogen, which originate from the TTIP. The isopropo…
Microwave sintering technique has been applied to sinter the Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3, PZT, ceramic materials in a significantly rapid rate. These materials can be sintered with a high density (≥96% theoretical density) by microwave sintering the samples at 1250°C (or millimeter-wave at 1200°C) for 10 min. In contrast, the…
In this work, we analyze the electrical behavior of amorphous GexSi1−xOy thin films to be used as sensitive layers in integrated bolometers. The GexSi1−xOy films were grown by reactive sputtering of a Ge0.85Si0.15 target using a mixture of argon and oxygen. The films were characterized by measuring the composition, th…
The short-range order of a set of Lu-saturated smectites, modified by hydrothermal treatment at 400 °C, which give rise to a new crystalline phase (Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 ), has been analyzed. In particular, the modifications undergone by the tetrahedral Si atoms of the lattice and the possible diffusions of O-T layer ions to…
All articles of this category A new heterogeneous ruthenium-copper-hydrotalcite catalyst for the efficient and selective conversion of a variety of aliphatic, allylic and aromatic alcohols to either aldehydes or ketones is described. Suitable co-oxidants include iodosylbenzene, tetrabutyl ammonium periodate and, depen…
Palladium-catalyzed N-arylation reactions provide acces to N-aryl-substituted and N-aryl-bridged 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecanes. Yields of arylation products are low with simple haloarenes, whereas reactions with pyridine derivatives give substituted cyclens in moderate to satisfactory yields.
Leverage analysis enables identification of reflections with the greatest influence on the estimate of each refined variable, and thus may be an important tool to improve standard structure-refinement procedures, especially in the case of minerals with complex composition. In this work, leverage analysis was used to i…
To clarify the effects of the clothing pressure exerted on a trunk by a swimsuit on heart rate, skin blood flow and respiratory function, wearing tests of seven female students were conducted. When a swimsuit was worn, blood pressure increased and heart rate decreased in a standing posture, furthermore, oxygen intake…
The crystallization of sol–gel‐derived strontium barium niobate (SBN) thin films on various substrates is enhanced by a two‐step heating process. Also, SBN films with c ‐axis preferred orientation are obtained on MgO (100) substrates. The crystallized phase and the degree of orientation are dependent on crystallizatio…