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莲子壳对Cr(III)的吸附性能研究

莫铭恩、Zhang Huifeng Zhao Hui、吴惠瑾 等 4 位作者2014-01-01Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

以莲子壳为吸附剂,考察了初始pH值、莲子壳用量、温度和吸附时间等因素对水中Cr(III)去除效果的影响,并对吸附等温过程和吸附动力学进行了数学模型拟合。结果表明:在溶液初始pH值为4.0、莲子壳投加量为8.00g/L、温度为30℃、吸附时间为24h的条件下,Cr(III)的去除率可达96.64%;莲子壳对Cr(III)的吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程,其等温吸附规律可用Langmuir模型进行描述,Langmuir模型得出的理论最大吸附容量为20.08mg/g,与试验得到的最大吸附容量21.95mg/g接近;通过吸附热力学计算得出莲子壳对Cr(III)的吸附是自发的吸热过程;结合FTIR和SEM谱图分析,推断莲子壳对Cr(III)的…

Magnesium Oxide Properties and ApplicationsWater and Wastewater Treatment

高效率掺Tm^3+双包层光纤及光纤激光器的研制

邢颍滨、叶宝圆、蒋作文 等 5 位作者2014-01-01Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

掺Tm^3+光纤激光器有着广泛的应用前景,而掺Tm^3+光纤是其核心与关键.本文采用改进的化学汽相沉积(MCVD)工艺和气相液相复合掺杂技术,在MCVD机车上实现了掺Tm^3+石英光纤预制棒的制备,并制备了掺Tm^3+石英双包层光纤(芯包比为10/125).利用上述光纤搭建直腔型全光纤激光器,在波长为793nm的LD抽运下,获得激光光谱中心波长为2002 nm,最大的激光输出功率30.7 W,光纤斜率效率为59.32%.

Glass properties and applicationsPhase-change materials and chalcogenidesPhotonic Crystal and Fiber Optics

交联壳聚糖树脂对Au(III)的等温吸附特性和吸附动力学

宋颖韬、党明岩、张晓磊2014-01-01化学与粘合

以戊二醛为交联剂、用硫脲进行接枝改性合成了交联壳聚糖树脂,研究其对Au(Ⅲ)的吸附特性,考察了pH值、吸附温度、吸附时间等因素对吸附过程的影响。结果表明:溶液pH值对吸附影响较大,最佳pH值在5.0左右;在实验浓度和温度范围内,树脂对Au(Ⅲ)的等温吸附数据与Freundlich模型拟合较好;吸附过程宏观表现为吸热过程;吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程,表观活化能为41.12kJ/mol,吸附过程主要为化学吸附控制。

Surface Modification and SuperhydrophobicityCoagulation and Flocculation StudiesThermal and Kinetic Analysis

Specific Heat and Elastic Properties of Semiconducting Stannate Perovskite Material

Renu Choithrani2014-01-01Invertis Journal of Renewable Energy

Specific heat and elastic properties of BaSnO3 have been investigated for the first time using extended rigid ion model (ERIM). The investigations include the computation of the cohesive energy, Reststrahlen frequency, Debye temperature, Gruneisen parameter, tolerance factor, elastic constants, bulk modulus, shear mod…

High-pressure geophysics and materialsElectronic and Structural Properties of OxidesMagnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials

Mechanical properties of recycled polypropylene (rPP) processed by injection molding method

Mohd Hafiedzzul、Malek Riduan2014-01-01OpenAlex

The injection moulding process is one of the most important processes in the plastic processing industry. The process mostly used thermoplastic materials that are recyclable, non-biodegradable and the decomposition process consume a significant length of time. This results the serious pollution problem, therefore stud…

Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing TechnologiesInjection Molding Process and PropertiesNatural Fiber Reinforced Composites

High-power LED characterization

Heng, Celine Si Lin2014-01-01DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)

The efficiency decreases at high current, is a major problem to solid state lighting. This problem is called “droop”. The definition of droop is the loss of efficiency at high power. In order to keep the electrons in this region, the feature have an electron blocking layer, Gan barriers and active region with InGaN qu…

Silicon Carbide Semiconductor TechnologiesGaN-based semiconductor devices and materialsAdvanced Materials and Semiconductor Technologies

Peculiarities of the Rheological Behavior for the Al-Mg-Sc-Zr Alloy Under

High-Temperature Deformation、А. С. Смирнов2014-01-01OpenAlex

The paper deals with a peculiar rheological behavior of the Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy at deformation temperatures of 330 and 360 C and a strain rate of 0.05 s 21 . It has been found that the strain resistance curve for this material consists of several portions. First there is material hardening, then softening, and again har…

Metallurgy and Material FormingAluminum Alloy Microstructure PropertiesMicrostructure and mechanical properties

Structural analysis of a prestressed concrete

З Петрович Милош、И Петкович Катарина、Г Живулович-Петрович Марина 等 4 位作者2014-01-01Vojnotehnicki glasnik

The effects of prestressing forces on a reinforced concrete frame are shown in the paper. The structure is a statically indeterminate frame with two fixed supports. The load is due to tendon prestressing with Nk = 600 kN and due to self-weight of columns and beam. The columns height is 6.00 m and the beam span is 20.0…

Structural mechanics and materialsGeodetic Measurements and Engineering StructuresCivil and Structural Engineering Research

Étude de solides moléculaires fortement azotés sous conditions extrêmes

Dominique Laniel2014-01-01uO Research (University of Ottawa)

L’azote polymérique, soit un réseau cubique d’atomes d’azote simplement liés, est un composé ayant un énorme potentiel comme matériau énergétique. Ce dernier est cinq fois plus énergétique que les composés conventionnellement utilisés. Synthétisé sous conditions extrêmes, à une pression de 110 GPa et à une température…

Polymer Nanocomposites and PropertiesPolymer Science and PVC

基于Ir(piq) 3 的红色磷光有机电致发光器

张刚、田晓萃、汪津 等 6 位作者2014-01-01半导体光电

采用真空蒸镀法制备了结构为ITO/NPB(20nm)/CBP(3nm)/CBP∶Ir(piq)3(z%,xnm)/TPBi(10nm)/Alq3(20nm)/Cs2CO3∶Ag2O(2nm,20%)/Al(100nm)的器件。研究了掺杂浓度和厚度对器件性能的影响。首先选定Ir(piq)3∶CBP层的厚度为5nm,调节掺杂浓度。结果是当掺杂浓度为10%时,器件的效率和亮度较好;驱动电压为16V时,最大亮度为8 810cd/m2。然后在10%的掺杂浓度下,调节CBP∶Ir(piq)3层的厚度。当厚度为20nm时,器件的性能较好。驱动电压为12V时,电流密度为193mA/cm2,效率为11.92cd/A;驱动电压为19V时,电流密度为3…

Anodic Oxide Films and NanostructuresGas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors

Cu(II)-PEI螯合物电沉积制备离子印迹复合膜及其性能

陈佳媛、邓会宁、赵晓玥 等 4 位作者2014-01-01Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

采用商品化的阳离子交换膜为基膜,以Cu2+作为模板离子,环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,通过电沉积法将螯合了铜模板离子的聚乙烯亚胺(Cu(Ⅱ)-PEI)沉积到基膜表面制备离子选择性复合膜.通过ATR-FTIR和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对制备过程中膜表面特性及形貌进行了分析.以价态和离子半径都很接近的Zn2+作为竞争离子测定了复合膜对Cu2+的选择性,结果表明该方法制得的复合膜对Cu2+有特定的识别性能,在分离混合溶液过程中能够实现对Cu2+的优先透过.随着沉积溶液中Cu与N物质的量比的增大,制得的复合膜的选择性系数呈现先增大后变小的趋势,在Cu∶N为1∶8时制得的膜的选择性最优.

Copper-based nanomaterials and applicationsAnalytical Chemistry and SensorsNanomaterials and Printing Technologies

改性木质纤维素对水溶液中Cr(VI)的吸附性能研究

Chen Li、王培丽2014-01-01Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中以杨木木屑为原料,与环氧氯丙烷交联,然后与二甲胺反应,可以对木质纤维素改性得到阴离子交换剂.阴离子交换剂对水溶液中的Cr(Ⅵ)具有良好的吸附性能.交换剂对水溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附服从Langmuir等温吸附模型,吸附为自发过程,吸附热为-29.67 kJ·mol-1.在289 K、交换剂的用量2.0 g·L-1、初始溶液的pH≈3.0时,对Cr(Ⅵ)的最大吸附容量为144.25 mg·g-1,313 K时为118.45 mg·g-1.拟二级动力学模型能较好地描述对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附过程.初始浓度为30、100 mg·L-1时,表观吸附活化能分别为26.30 kJ·mol-1和31.72kJ·mol-1.

Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removalIron oxide chemistry and applicationsPolymer Science and PVC

化学环制氢中Fe_2O_3/CeO_2/Al_2O_3载氧体的性能研究

任广行、马波、梁皓 等 4 位作者2014-01-01中国稀土学报

采用浸渍法制备了不同CeO2含量的Fe2O3/CeO2/Al2O3载氧体,利用BET,XRD和TPR对其性能进行表征,并以甲烷为燃料在固定床微型反应器中对载氧体进行化学环制氢性能考察。结果表明:CeO2的加入可以降低铁与铝之间的相互作用,提高铁的分散度,从而提高催化活性。在燃料反应器温度为900℃,蒸汽反应器温度为900℃,常压、剂烷比为2/1,进水量为0.1 m L时经过10次氧化-还原循环,Fe2O3/CeO2/Al2O3载氧体颗粒反应性能稳定,甲烷转化率最高可达到75%,单次循环氢气产量最高可达到35 m L·2.5 gcat-1。

Industrial Gas Emission ControlCatalytic Processes in Materials ScienceChemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes

La(III)-乙醇溶液微团簇理论和光谱研究

吴晓静、于亚鹏、蒋卫国 等 5 位作者2014-01-01化学通报

利用分子光谱和基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理,采用改进的TPSSTPSS泛函方法对C、H、O原子用6-31G基组并添加极化和弥散函数,对La原子选用Def2-SV(P)赝势基组,研究La3+/乙醇溶液微团簇构型。优化计算La3+在水溶液中的溶剂化结构,得出气相中的优化结果可以近似代替液相结果的结论;理论优化计算La3+/乙醇溶液可能存在的结构构型的结果表明,溶剂化数n=6时结构最稳定。采用荧光光谱和核磁共振实验对结果进行了验证,表明La3+的加入使荧光强度显著增强,在高浓度时生成的团簇构型比较稳定,且随着溶剂化数目的增加,O—H键长增大,La3+使其附近的质子产生强大的屏蔽效应,化学位移向高场移动,溶剂化数n=6时绝对误差最小,最稳…

Lanthanide and Transition Metal ComplexesChemical and Physical StudiesElectron Spin Resonance Studies

Cambrian Ocean World

John Foster2014-01-01Indiana University Press eBooks

Wonderful and bizarre animals from the first flourishing of life on Earth

Echinoderm biology and ecologyPaleontology and Stratigraphy of FossilsCalcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition

L-Cys-CdS纳米荧光探针的微波制备及荧光猝灭法测定金属离子

于沙蔚、潘爱萍、程伟青2014-01-01福建师范大学学报:自然科学版

用微波法以L-半胱氨酸为稳定剂,硫代乙酰胺为硫源,合成了L—Cys—CdS纳米荧光探针,透射电镜(TEM)测得其粒径大小为40nm,研究了微波反应时间、初始反应pH值和调节pH值对合成L—Cys—CdS纳米荧光探针荧光强度的影响.结果表明,L—Cys—CdS纳米荧光探针的最佳合成条件为初始反应pH=8.5,微波反应时间15min,调节pH=7,且Cu2+(53~427txg。L-1),Ag+(180~1620μg·L“),Fe2+(93.3—1586肛g·L-1)在一定奈件下对该纳米荧光探针的荧光猝灭为线性,该方法简便易操作,可用于Cu2+.Ag+,Fe3+的微量测定.

Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques InnovationDye analysis and toxicityGold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications

Physical effect of carrier distribution in the channel of static induction thyristor

刘春娟、汪再兴、王永顺2014-01-01半导体学报:英文版

The physical effects of the carrier distribution in the channel on the dynamical performance of a static induction thyristor(SITH) have been studied numerically and experimentally. The analytical expressions of the minority carrier distribution in the channel of the SITH were also derived and the space charge distribu…

Magnetic Properties and ApplicationsSilicon Carbide Semiconductor TechnologiesHVDC Systems and Fault Protection

十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)修饰的蜡烛灰作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能研究

魏佳星、姚美焕、蔡美荣 等 4 位作者2014-01-01摩擦学学报

通过简单方法收集的蜡烛灰表面呈负电性,可以用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)进行修饰,利用透射电镜观察修饰后蜡烛灰的形貌,发现蜡烛灰是由20 nm左右的洋葱状碳纳米颗粒组成,分散性更好,粒径更加均匀,修饰后明显改善其在液体石蜡(LP)中的分散稳定性.利用Optimol SRV-IV往复振动摩擦磨损试验机评价了修饰前后蜡烛灰在LP中的摩擦学性能.结果表明:蜡烛灰作为LP的添加剂不能明显改善其润滑性能,但是表面修饰的蜡烛灰在LP中能够显著降低摩擦和减小磨损,因而具有良好的润滑性能.通过扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱以及X-射线能谱进一步推测两种蜡烛灰在LP中的润滑机理.

Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials productionThermal and Kinetic AnalysisPigment Synthesis and Properties

废旧电池溶胶-凝胶-水热耦合法制备 Mn0.6Zn0.4Cr0.4Fe1.6O4

席国喜、敦长伟、任翠红 等 5 位作者2014-01-01Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

以硝酸溶解废旧碱性锌锰电池所得的溶液为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶-水热耦合法制备了Mn0.6Zn0.4Cr0.4Fe1.6O4。借助于IR、XRD、SEM和VSM对产物的结构、晶型、形貌及磁性能进行研究,进而探讨了不同制备条件对材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明,在柠檬酸与金属离子的摩尔比为0.6:1,溶胶的pH值为7,水热温度为240℃的条件下能制备出性能较好的Mn0.6Zn0.4Cr0.4Fe1.6O4。在该条件下制备的样品形貌近似为球形,分散均匀,其磁性能参数为:饱和磁化强度为60.586 A·m2/kg,剩余磁化强度为4.010 4 A·m2/kg,矫顽力为41.786 kA/m。

Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of FerritesSupercapacitor Materials and FabricationCopper-based nanomaterials and applications

多种肌红蛋白突变体与Cu(II)相互作用机制光谱法研究

唐乾、张越、曹洪玉 等 6 位作者2014-01-01Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

运用多种光谱法研究PCR定点突变获得的肌红蛋白突变体(D44K、D60K、K56D)与Cu(Ⅱ)的相互作用。结果表明:Cu(Ⅱ)对突变体的猝灭机理与野生型相同,均为静态猝灭,但结合常数、结合位点数、热力学常数、结合距离以及三维构象方面发生了一些变化。在相同温度下,蛋白与Cu(Ⅱ)的结合能力顺序为Mb(WT)<Mb(D60K)< Mb(K56D)< Mb(D44K),结合力主要以静电和疏水相互作用为主;结合距离顺序为 Mb(WT)< Mb(K56D)<Mb(D60K)<Mb(D44K)。同时,借由多种光谱测定了Cu(Ⅱ)引起肌红蛋白及其突变体的构象变化情况,得出突变后蛋白更易与Cu(Ⅱ)发生相互作用,α-螺旋含量下降的幅度更大。总之…

Silk-based biomaterials and applicationsthermodynamics and calorimetric analysesMolecular Biology Techniques and Applications