Materials Literature
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Mechanical alloying (MA) has been used to synthesize Ti 3 SiC 2 powder from the elemental Ti, Si, and C powders. The MA formation conditions of Ti 3 SiC 2 were strongly affected by the ball size for the conditions used. MA using large balls (20.6 mm in diameter) enhanced the formation of Ti 3 SiC 2 , probably via an M…
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) catalyzes the reversible conversion between isocitrate and 2-oxoglutarate accompanied by decarboxylation/carboxylation and oxidoreduction of NAD(P)+ cofactor. While this enzyme has been well studied as a catabolic enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, here we have characterized N…
ABSTRACT: Lactic acid casein‐wax‐based edible films were prepared to study the effect of carnauba and candelilla waxes. Water and oxygen permeability, thermal properties, and microstructure were determined as a function of relative humidity. Scanning electron microscopy showed a partial phase separation of wax and pro…
We describe the dopant dependence of the effective nonlinear refractive index n/sub 2eff/ in GeO/sub 2/- or F-doped core fibers theoretically and experimentally. We show that the dopant dependence of the nonlinear refractive index n/sub 2/ of F-doped bulk glass is the inverse of that of GeO/sub 2/-doped bulk glass. We…
We examined the influence of film thickness and composition on the effective Tg of compatible thin film mixtures of polystyrene (PS) and tetramethylbisphenol-A polycarbonate (TMPC) on SiOx/Si substrates using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Our measurements reveal that while the Tg of TMPC films increased with decreasing…
Acetobacter xylinum for bacterial cellulose production was cultivated in a modified airlift reactor. Better results were obtained from the modified reactor than from a conventional bubble column. After 72 h of cultivation, the final concentration of bacterial cellulose was 7.72 g/l and the productivity was 0.107 g/l p…
Abstract The assignment of the 29 Si CP/MAS-NMR spectrum of naturally-occurring sepiolite clay was re-examined using 29 Si COSY and 1 H- 29 Si HETCOR pulse sequences. Each of the three main resonances at −92.1, −94.6 and −98.4 ppm has been attributed to one of the three pairs of equivalent Si nuclei in the basal plane…
Field emission from isolated individual vertically aligned carbon nanocones (VACNCs) has been measured using a small-diameter moveable probe. The probe was scanned parallel to the sample plane to locate the VACNCs, and perpendicular to the sample plane to measure the emission turn-on electric field of each VACNC. Indi…
Liberalization of the energy market has put increasing pressure on both electricity producers and distributors for lower costs. Since maintenance is a major expense account, such companies hill be inclined to reduce maintenance budgets. At the same time, increased liability for nondelivered-energy increases the costs…
Abstract The thermally-induced dehydroxylation and transformations of the 2:1 phyllosilicate pyrophyllite have been studied using infrared spectroscopy in the frequency range 350–11000 cm −1 and the temperature range 200–1500°C. The dehydroxylation of pyrophyllite to pyrophyllite dehydroxylate occurs between 500 and 9…
To investigate the fundamental aspects of vacancy ordering in oxygen‐transporting ceramic membranes, we have performed atomic resolution analysis of individual domains in brownmillerite‐type SrCoO 3−δ . Electron energy loss spectroscopy indicates that the Co valence state in adjacent planes can be 2+ and 4+. This char…
We report the reduction of surface reflection losses in zinc germanium phosphide (ZnGeP2, or ZGP) crystals by fabricating an antireflection (AR) structure in the substrate itself using subwavelength motheye surface patterns. The motheye AR patterning works by creating a region of gradually varying effective refractive…
Synchrotron micro-XANES (X-ray absorption near-edge structure) spectroscopy (SmX) was used to measure Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ distribution among minerals in standard thin sections with an X-ray beam size of 10 ¥ 15 mm. Measurements were made at beamline X26a, National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Lab. Samples…
Hydrogenated amorphous carbon and carbon nitride films (a-C1−xNx:H) have been synthesized from methane, acetylene, or acetylene–nitrogen precursor gases using a high density electron cyclotron resonance plasma. The deposition and etching rates, along with the film stoichiometry, density, Raman signature of the sp2 pha…
Valve morphogenesis in Proboscia alata Sundstrom was followed in living cells and during treatment with antiactin and antimicrotubule drugs. Once cleaved, sibling cells rounded up and retracted. Soon, a granular organizing center (OC) appeared adjacent to the stub of the initiated valve. Silicification started within…
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dextran-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide ferumoxtran-10 (Combidex) is used in reticuloendothelial MR imaging. Our purpose was to determine the optimal dose and imaging time for lymph node evaluation. MATERIALS: Twenty-four healthy volunteers underwent neck MR imaging before and 6,…
Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) hydrogel being a material of natural origin, combines the properties of a polymer, which make up the network, with biodegradability. In this report the effects of high energy radiation on the ether of cellulose-HPC are presented. The polymer irradiated in its solid state or in dilute aqueo…
The formation of γ‐AlON from Al 2 O 3 and AlN was investigated as a function of some of the reaction parameters, that is, temperature and time. The appearance of phases was followed in conjunction with the change in lattice parameter to reveal the reaction sequences of formation. An oxygen‐rich γ‐AlON phase formed fir…
The crystal structures of bismutite, Bi2(CO3)O2, a 3.865(2), b 3.862(2), c 13.675(6) Å, V 204.1(2) Å3, space group Imm2, Z = 2, and beyerite, CaBi2(CO3)2O2, a 3.7729(5), b 3.7742(7), c 21.726(4) Å, V 309.4(1) Å3, space group Immm, Z = 2, have been refined to R indices of 0.0206 and 0.0145 on the basis of 184 and 258 u…
A four-pad 3ω method was developed for determining the thermal conductivity of bulk and thin film materials. The heat conduction in the sample geometry was investigated by numerical simulation employing the finite volume technique. As a result, the conditions (i.e., sample geometry, frequency range) can be predicted w…