Materials Literature
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Abstract Relaxor ferroelectrics are a prototypical example of ferroic systems in which interplay between atomic disorder and order parameters gives rise to emergence of unusual properties, including non‐exponential relaxations, memory effects, polarization rotations, and broad spectrum of bias‐ and temperature‐induced…
The detailed analysis of the structural variations of three GeO$_2$ and SiO$_2$ polymorphs ($α$-quartz, $α$-cristobalite, and rutile) under compression and expansion pressure is reported. First-principles total-energy calculations reveal that the rutile structure is the most stable phase among the phases of GeO$_2$, w…
We have studied magnetism in Ti(1-x)Co(x)O(2-δ) thin films with various x and δ by soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements at the Co L(2, 3) absorption edges. The estimated ferromagnetic moment by XMCD was 0.15-0.24 µ(B)/Co at the surface, while in the bulk it was 0.82-2.25 µ(B)/Co, which is in the…
A high-performance, microtubular solid oxide fuel cell is developed using an improved electrolyte/anode dual-layer hollow fiber fabricated via a novel coextrusion and co-sintering technique. The technique allows control over the porosity of the anode, resulting in an increase in the power output to almost double what…
The structural, electronic, optical, and vibrational properties of LiN(3) under high pressure have been studied using plane wave pseudopotentials within the generalized gradient approximation for the exchange and correlation functional. The calculated lattice parameters agree quite well with experiments. The calculate…
Simulated sliding between an oxidized silicon tip and surface over six decades of velocity using accelerated molecular dynamics reproduces the experimentally observed velocity dependence of the friction force. Unlike in the crystalline case, as increasing force is applied to the amorphous tip intermediate states arise…
A new polarization-independent and fast-response adaptive microlens array using a polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystal is proposed. With a curved top electrode and planar bottom electrode, gradient electric fields are generated and lens-like phase profile obtained. Optimization process leads to an ideal parabo…
The physical properties of black silicon (b-Si) formed on Si wafers by reactive ion etching in chlorine plasma are reported in an attempt to clarify the formation mechanism and the origin of the observed optical and electrical phenomena, which are promising for a variety of applications. The b-Si consisting of high de…
The spin-wave excitations of the multiferroic ${\mathrm{MnWO}}_{4}$ have been measured in its low-temperature collinear commensurate phase using high-resolution inelastic neutron scattering. These excitations can be well described by a Heisenberg model with competing long-range exchange interactions and a single-ion a…
By using analytical solution of a tight-binding model for armchair nanoribbons, it is confirmed that the solution represents the standing wave formed by intervalley scattering and that pseudospin is invariant under the scattering. The phase space of armchair nanoribbon which includes a single Dirac singularity is spec…
The formation of a PdZn alloy from a 4.3% Pd/ZnO catalyst was characterized by combined in situ high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Alloy formation started already at around 100 °C, likely at the surface, and reached the bulk with increasing temperature. The structure of…
In this paper, we consider antireflective properties of textured surfaces for all texture size-to-wavelength ratios. Existence and location of the global reflection minimum with respect to geometrical parameters of the texture is a subject of our study. We also investigate asymptotic behavior of the reflection with th…
A novel facile method for on-site detection of substituted aromatic pollutants in water using thin layer chromatography (TLC) combined with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was explored. Various substituted aromatics in polluted water were separated by a convenient TLC protocol and then detected using a port…
The two-dimensional self-assembly of a terbium(III) double-decker phthalocyanine on highly oriented pyrolitic graphite (HOPG) was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and it was shown that it forms highly regular rectangular two-dimensional nanocrystals on the surface, that are aligned with the graphite symmetry…
3D nanoporous Au-supported nanocrystalline tin thin-film anodes for Li-ion batteries are prepared by dealloying followed by electroless plating. When used as an electrode for Li-ion batteries, this special Sn structure can effectively accommodate large volume variations during cycling in a lithium cell, resulting in…
A general, one-pot, single-step method for producing colloidal silver chalcogenide (Ag(2)E; E = Se, S, Te) nanocrystals is presented, with an emphasis on Ag(2)Se. The method avoids exotic chemicals, high temperatures, and high pressures and requires only a few minutes of reaction time. While Ag(2)S and Ag(2)Te are for…
Inspired by the superhydrophobic effect displayed in nature, we set out to mimic the interplay between the chemistry and physics in the lotus leaf to see if the same design principle can be applied to control wetting and adhesion between toners and inks on various printing surfaces. Since toners and inks are organic m…
In frustrated magnetic systems, long-range ordering is forbidden and degeneracy of energy states persists, even at extremely low temperatures. Under certain conditions, these systems form an exotic quantum spin-liquid ground state, in which strongly correlated spins fluctuate in the spin lattices. Here we investigate…
Patterned graphene sheets are fabricated by an inkjet printing technique. High line resolution and sustained electrical conductivity is achieved, and tuning of the sheet resistance is dependent on the concentration of graphene oxide ink and the number of print layers. A patterned graphene-based thin film is also appli…
Topological walls separating domains of continuous polarization, magnetization, and strain in ferroic materials hold promise of novel electronic properties, that are intrinsically localized on the nanoscale and that can be patterned on demand without change of material volume or elemental composition. We have revealed…