Supramolecular Architecture
This chapter will provide a brief overview about the various strategies aimed at structural control of extended assemblies. The systems under consideration evolve in their dimensionality from
Materials Literature
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Supramolecular Architecture
This chapter will provide a brief overview about the various strategies aimed at structural control of extended assemblies. The systems under consideration evolve in their dimensionality from (i) Two-Dimensional Assemblies: Thin Films, to (ii) Layered and Low-Dimensional Structures, and (iii) Three-Dimensional Framewo…
Temperature dependence of the polar anchoring strength of weakly rubbed polyimide films for the nematic liquid crystal (5CB)
We have succeeded in measuring the polar anchoring energy of a nematic liquid crystal (5CB) aligned on rubbed polyimide films. The polar anchoring energy gradually weakens with increasing temperature and tends to zero as the nematic-isotropic (NI) transition temperature (35.3 °C) is approached. This indicates a strong…
Filtered arc deposition of amorphous diamond
A cathodic arc with beam filter is employed for the deposition of hydrogen-free amorphous carbon films. A linear filter is used to prevent macroparticles and nonionized carbon atoms from reaching the substrate. The deposited films are characterized by their optical and mechanical behavior. Depending on the deposition…
A transferable tight-binding potential for carbon
An interatomic potential for carbon is developed that is based on an empirical tight-binding approach. The model reproduces accurately the energy-versus-volume diagram of carbon polytypes and gives a good description of the phonons and elastic constants for carbon in the diamond and graphite structures. To test the tr…
Quantized complex ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulators
A spatial light modulator design consisting of cascaded or sandwiched layers of ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLC's) is investigated. The interrelation between the FLC material, the polarization of the incident illumination, and the achievable modulation states is characterized. Magnitude modulation is accomplished b…
The Chemistry of Bulk Hydrogen: Reaction of Hydrogen Embedded in Nickel with Adsorbed CH 3
Studies in heterogeneous catalysis have long speculated on or have provided indirect evidence for the role of hydrogen embedded in the catalyst bulk as a primary reactant. This report describes experiments carried out under single-collision conditions that document the distinctive reactivity of hydrogen embedded in th…
An improved method for compressive stress-strain measurements at very high strain rates
Abstract This paper describes a modification of the split Hopkinson pressure bar, to allow compression testing of high strength metals at a strain rate of up to about 105 s–1. All dimensions are minimized to reduce effects of dispersion and inertia, with specimens of the order of 1 mm diameter. Strain is calculated fr…
Photomagnetism of metals
A photoinduced magnetic moment has been observed in Cu and Al samples exposed to unpolarized visible light at low temperatures. It is shown that the light refected from a metal surface transfers some of its quasimomentum to conduction electrons. This mechanism creates surface currents which, for an appropriate geometr…
Geometry and foams: 2D dynamics and 3D statics
We discuss the implications of the classical Gauss-Bonnet formula to foam in two and three dimensions. For a two-dimensional foam it gives a generalization of the von Neumann law for the coarsening of foams to curved surfaces. As a consequence of this we find that the stability properties of stationary bubbles of such…
Visible light emission from a porous silicon/solution diode
Reduction of S2O82− ions at the interface between an n-type porous Si electrode and an aqueous solution gives rise to electroluminescence showing evidence of quantization effects. A broad emission band with a maximum at 670 nm is observed similar to the photoluminescence spectrum of the same layers. The results sugges…
Photoluminescence of porous Si, oxidized then deoxidized chemically
We examined the change in photoluminescence spectra of porous Si when it is oxidized then deoxidized chemically. After both steps, photoluminescence shifted to higher frequencies and increased in intensity. These shifts to higher frequencies indicate the photoluminescence is a result of the quantum size effect. Moreov…
Correlated annealing of radiation defects in alkali halide crystals
The kinetics of the correlated annealing of pairs of neutral (F-H) and charged ( alpha -I) Frenkel defects in alkali halides is treated theoretically, taking into account defect diffusion, annihilation at short distances, and elastic or Coulomb interactions. It is shown that elastic interactions considerably affect th…
Mn substitution effect on magnetostriction temperature dependence in Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2
Magnetostriction temperature dependencies in Tb0.3Dy0.7 (Fe1−xMnx)2 were investigated. Mn substitution lowers the spin reorientation temperature, at which magnetostriction shows a sharp drop. Moreover, Mn containing compounds show larger magnetostriction than that for a Mn-free compound at low temperature. Mössbauer m…
Doping mechanisms of tin-doped indium oxide films
The polycrystalline Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) films with different Sn concentrations of 0–6.7 wt% (SnO2 wt%) were prepared by postannealing the amorphous ITO films deposited by highly dense plasma-assisted EB evaporation at the low substrate temperature. These films were confirmed to show the high crystallinity and homogen…
Novel interplay of Fermi-surface behavior and magnetism in a low-dimensional organic conductor
We have used the magneto-oscillatory behavior of the quasi-two-dimensional orbits in the charge-transfer organic salt (BEDT-TTF${)}_{2}$KHg(SCN${)}_{4}$ to probe its underlying magnetic ground states, which arise from the coexisting quasi-one-dimensional nature of the material. The complex nature of the oscillations r…
Local structure and density profile of polymer brushes
Brushes of grafted polystyrene have been studied using the classical small-angle neutron scattering techniques. The results show unambigously that the interface, in good solvent, has essentially a parabolic shape, with a small exponential tail. Furthermore, the local structure is similar to that of a semidulute polyme…
Chemical modification of silk with aromatic acid anhydrides
Abstract Bombyx mori silk fibers were chemically modified by acylation with aromatic acid anhydrides, such as phthalic and o ‐sulfobenzoic anhydrides. We examined the reactivity of these modifying agents toward silk fibers, the physical and thermal properties, and the dyeing behavior with acid and cationic dyes. The o…
Effect of melt annealing on the morphology and properties of polycarbonate blends
Abstract The effect of quiescent annealing for brief periods at melt‐processing temperatures (e.g., 270°C) were designed to simulate certain conditions that can occur during molding or extrusion. It was found that significant changes in the phase morphology of polycarbonate‐based blends can occur in less than 2 min un…
Application of Boron-Doped CVD-Diamond Film to Photoelectrode
Diamond is known as a unique materiaI possessing a number ofoutstanding Properties1) Many laboratories have been active on diamond research since Deaguin e Z2)reported on diamond growth by chemical vapour deposition (CVD)methodDiamond films grown by this method in the presence of boron have p-type semiconducting Prope…