Materials Literature
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A microcalorimetric technique has been developed to measure crystal-growth kinetics and enthalpies of crystallization. The enthalpy of crystallization of hen egg-white lysozyme in 0.1 M acetate buffer at pH 4.6 was determined at 287 K using this technique. The enthalpies were directly measured to be -14.3 +/- 2.0 and…
In recent years, considerable attention has been focused on polymer miscibility and Complexation due to hydrogen bonding. Monodisperse, proton-donating polystyrene (PS), that is, poly{styrene-co-[p-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)styrene]} [PS(t-OH)], was synthesized via chemical modification of polystyrene. Poly[n-butyl methac…
Addition of tungsten to duplex stainless steels (DSS) is known to suppress formation of the brittle secondary phases that may have a negative effect on general corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) properties. The effects of tungsten addition to DSS on microstructural, electrochemical, and SCC properties were…
Applying the augmented spherical wave method, the Heusler alloy Fe3-x Mn x Si is studied for integer values of x where it forms fairly well ordered intermetallic compounds. In our calculation we allow for non-collinear spin ordering. It is found that the magnetic ground state changes from a ferromagnet for Fe3Si to a…
This study compared the estimated weight lifted for 1-RM and actual 1-RM bench press weight for untrained women using 3 common regression equations. Regression analysis was also used to develop an equation for estimating max bench press strength using the relationship of a 1-RM bench press measure with performance var…
The radial dynamics of a spherical gas bubble in a compressible shear-thinning liquid is studied by means of a singular perturbation method to first order in the bubble-wall Mach number. The Williamson rheological model is adopted to describe the shear-thinning characteristic of liquid viscosity. The equation of motio…
Abstract The colored form of photochromic 1,2-bis(5-hydroxymethyl-2-methyl-3-thienyl)hexafluorocyclopentene was resolved into enantiomers by HPLC. The absolute stereochemistry of an enantiomer was determined on its bis(4-chlorobenzoate). The CD spectra and optical rotation of the resolved colored form were measured.
Ultrasonic enhanced chemical reactors have been used for decades. Cavitation, which results in dramatic increases in temperature and pressure, is responsible for the chemical and physical effects of ultrasound. Presented is a new model, which enables the calculation of linear three-dimensional pressure fields in any s…
We used small angle x-ray scattering to study interparticle structural properties of polyamidoamine starburst dendrimers (PAMAM, with an ethylenediamine central core) in methanol solutions. We have explored the intensity profiles for solutions of starbursts of different generations $(g=2,3.5,4)$ at various concentrati…
Extrusion foaming by injection of inert gases (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon) in the polymer melt is increasingly finding applications for a wide variety of resins, competing with chemical blowing agents, volatile organic compounds or microcellular foaming. The molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of t…
Electron crystallography is a powerful tool for the quantitative structural characterization of substances that preferentially form thin microcrystals. Because multiple-beam dynamical scattering may cause observed diffraction intensities to deviate significantly from their kinematical values, it is necessary to demons…
The electrochemical behavior of carbon steel in diglycolamine (DGA) solutions saturated with carbon dioxide (CO2) under 4.5 MPa pressure was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization and impedance measurements at room temperature (RT) and at 100°C. Electrode equivalent circuits were proposed for interpreting the…
Brownian dynamics, (BD), simulation has been used to follow the phase separation of Lennard-Jones-type particles quenched from a supercritical state point into the vapor–liquid or vapor–solid co-existence parts of their phase diagrams. Calculations were performed with spherical particles interacting via 12:6, 24:12, a…
Crystal structures have been obtained for the sodide (IUPAC, natride) salts, K+(12–crown–4)2–Na− (I), Na+(cryptand[2.2.1])Na−(II), Rb+(18–crown–6)Na−·CH3NH2 (III), K+(18–crown–6) Na−·2(CH3NH2)·3(18–crown–6)(IV), Cs+(cryptand[3.2.2])Na−(V), and (Li+)2(TMPAND)2–(Na−)2·(CH3NH2)(VI), in which TMPAND is 5,12,17–trimethyl–1…
SrTiO 3 thin films have been prepared on titanium substrates using strontium acetate solutions in newly constructed flow‐system equipment by the hydrothermal‐electrochemical method. The synthesis parameters (temperature of 120°‐200°C and flow rate of 1‐40 mL/min) allow fabrication of dense, single‐phase films with gra…
The chemical and structural surface-aging effects brought about by the presence of water in emeraldine base (EB) polyaniline (PANI) doped with Pd or Pt protonic acids were studied. IR spectroscopy, XRD, XPS and heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation (alkyne→alkene→alkane) were applied to characterise the PANI–Pd and PA…
The phase transition mm21′←m′m2′observed in some boracites is regarded as a ferrotoroic phase transition, i.e., the toroidal moment is treated as the transition order parameter. This makes it possible to explain the observed narrow peak in the temperature dependence of the magnetoelectric tensor component α32.
Multilayer γ-ray exposure buildup factors of up to 40 mfp were calculated using an electron-photon cascade Monte Carlo code, EGS4, as a point isotropic source. A kind of splitting technique was used in the EGS4 calculations in order to obtain reasonable results at very deep penetration problems, such as 40 mfp.The dou…
Secondary electron (SE) emission from spacecraft surfaces as a result of energetic electron bombardment is a key process in the electrical charging of spacecraft. It has been suggested that incorporating more complete knowledge of the energy- and angular-distributions of secondary electrons is necessary to fully model…
In this paper, the fatigue cracking possibility in different kinds of copper bicrystals with large‐angle grain boundaries (GBs) and copper multicrystals containing some low‐angle GBs are compared. The results showed that the fatigue cracks, in the copper bicrystals, always nucleated firstly along GBs no matter whether…