Materials Literature
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Abstract Summary: Pyrolysis‐GC‐MS and TGA‐FT‐IR methods have been used to perform a comparative degradation study of polystyrene and a polystyrene–clay composite. An abnormally high yield of α ‐methylstyrene has been detected for the composite. This and other differences in degradation products have been explained by…
The nanoassembly and photo-crosslinking of diazo-resin (DAR) coatings on small alginate microspheres for stable enzyme entrapment is described. Multilayer nanofilms of DAR with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) were used in an effort to stabilize the encapsulation of glucose oxidase enzyme for biosensor applications. The…
A variety of organic carboxylates and phosphonates have been intercalated into the hexagonal and rhombohedral polymorphs of [LiAl 2 (OH) 6 ]X· m H 2 O, with X = Cl -, Br -, and NO 3 - . The two classes of polytype differ in the stacking sequence of the layers ( aba and abca, respectively). Both the initial interlayer…
Abstract Summary: The mechanical deformation processes of poly(methyl methacrylate)/ montmorillonite nanocomposites and their electrospun fibers were investigated by in situ tensile tests under a transmission electron microscope depending on their morphology. While the polymer nanocomposites deformed in a brittle mann…
The rare-earth borates RE 3 B 5 O 12 (RE = Er−Lu) were prepared by use of high-pressure and high-temperature conditions in a Walker-type multianvil apparatus at 10 GPa and 1100 °C. All compounds crystallize in a novel structure type and possess a new composition, unknown in borate chemistry until now. Interestingly, t…
We report polarized- and unpolarized-neutron scattering measurements of magnetic excitations in single-crystal ${\mathrm{Na}}_{0.75}{\mathrm{CoO}}_{2}$. The data confirm ferromagnetic correlations within the cobalt layers and reveal antiferromagnetic correlations perpendicular to the layers, consistent with an $A$-typ…
Abstract Ground rubber powder (GRP) and devulcanized rubber (Dev.R) waste through a continuous shear‐flow reaction were used as fillers for virgin natural rubber. A Horikx plot and the gel fraction proved that both main‐chain scission and crosslink scission occurred during the devulcanization. The cure characteristics…
Abstract Highly purified cellulose preparations were obtained by pretreatment of dewaxed barley straw, oil palm frond fiber, poplar wood, maize stems, wheat straw, rice straw, and rye straw with 2.0% H 2 O 2 at 45°C and pH 11.6 for 16 h, and sequential purification with 80% acetic acid–70% nitric acid (10/1, v/v) at 1…
Abstract An experimental investigation was designed to establish the distribution of mechanical properties throughout a high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) gas pipe wall. The proposed approach used a continuous and uniform filament that was automatically machined from the pipe on a precision lathe at a very low cutting s…
Cross-linked protein crystals represent a new class of micro- and mesoporous materials with properties potentially useful in technologies as diverse as chiral separations and drug delivery. These applications require the generation of protein crystals in formats and sizes quite distinct from the traditional submillime…
We report on dispersive conductivity measurements in the oxygen ion conductor ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{2}({\mathrm{Ti}}_{2\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{y}){\mathrm{O}}_{7}$. Increasing Zr content leads to higher concentration of oxygen vacancies and results in higher activation energies for long-range ion transport, whilst th…
Abstract Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites were synthesized by a simple technique of a monomer casting method, bulk polymerization. The products were purified by hot acetone extraction and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmissio…
Abstract 5.0–50.0 vt% of cyclohexane was mixed with 95.0–50.0 vt% of n ‐octadecane as the oil‐phase during the emulsion process in the in situ polymerization of melamine‐formaldehyde. By heat‐treating the microcapsules in an oven at 100°C, the cyclohexane was removed and expansion space was formed inside the microcaps…
The chemoenzymatic synthesis of block copolymers from a bifunctional initiator using enzymatic ring-opening polymerization (eROP) and ATRP in two consecutive steps was investigated. First, a polycaprolactone (PCL) macroinitiator was obtained via an enzymatic ring-opening polymerization initiated by the bifunctional in…
Abstract Polyurethane (PU) composites incorporating Cloisite 15A (15A) were prepared via melt compounding and solvent casting. The melt‐compounded composites had better dispersion and a smaller silicate stack size as a result of the higher shear forces associated with twin‐screw extrusion. The PU microphase separation…
Abstract The vital differences between the use of untreated starch and gelatinized starch in blends with poly(butylene succinate) (Bionolle) were thoroughly examined in this study. The melting temperature decreased slightly with increasing dosages of untreated and gelatinized starch. The added starch perhaps tended to…
Uniaxially oriented films with high tensile strength were processed from ultrahigh-molecular-weight poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (P(3HB)) by a method combining hot-drawing near the melting point of the polymer and two-step-drawing at room temperature. In a two-step-drawn and subsequently annealed film, P(3HB) molecular…
Aerobic reactions of Co(O(2)CMe)(2).4H(2)O with di-2-pyridyl ketone oxime (Hpko) in the presence of counterions (ClO(4)(-), PF(6-)) give the tetranuclear, mixed-valence cobalt(II/III) clusters [Co(II)(2)Co(III)(2)(OR)(2)(O(2)CMe)(2)(pko)(4)S(2)]X(2) [R = H, S = MeOH, X = ClO(4) (1); R = Me, S = EtOH, X = PF(6) (2)] de…
We report on an intricate competition between charge density wave (CDW) formation and superconductivity under pressure up to 11 GPa in the low-dimensional conductor ${\mathrm{ZrTe}}_{3}$. As pressure increases, the CDW transition temperature ${T}_{\mathrm{CDW}}$ initially increases, then begins to decrease at 2 GPa an…
We report on a pronounced redistribution of the local electronic density of states at the graphite surface, which is induced by the presence of low energy hydrogen-ion induced point defects. Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals standing waves in the local density of states, which are due to backscattering of electron…