Materials Literature
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<div class="htmlview paragraph">Ever increasing specific power of diesel engines has put huge demand on effective thermal management of the pistons for the desired reliability and durability. The piston temperature control is commonly achieved by injecting cooling oil into piston galleries, but the design of the…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">A two-dimensional numerical model describing the ammonia based SCR-process on vanadia-titania catalysts is presented. The model is able to simulate coated and extruded monoliths. For the determination of the intrinsic kinetics of the various NH<sub>3</sub>-NO<sub>…
Electronic and structural properties of several charge states of vacancies, antisites and carbon substitutional impurities in a (10, 0) BN nanotube are investigated through density functional theory calculations. The formation energies indicate that neutral and simply charged states occur in the range of allowable ele…
Grain refinement taking place in a coarse-grained 7475 Al alloy was studied in multidirectional compression at 490°C and at a strain rate of 3 × 10−4 s−1. The integrated flow curve displays significant work softening just after yielding and an apparent steady-state plastic flow at high strains. The structural changes…
AIMS: Identification of bacterium HYK0203-SK02 and its lysis of Stephanodiscus hantzschii. METHODS AND RESULTS: In an effort to identify a bio-agent capable of controlling S. hantzschii blooms, we used the algal lawn method to identify 76 bacteria in relevant water samples. Of these, the seven isolate showed algicidal…
Completely doped submicrotubes (90--560 nm in diameter) of conducting polyaniline and polypyrrole have been synthesized by a template-free method. The measurements of resistivity, $I\text{\ensuremath{-}}V$ curve and magnetoresistance of single polyaniline tube by a standard four-probe technique are presented. Due to t…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Although the relation between carbon structure and reactivity is well-known from thermal and oxidative studies of coal, char and graphite, the relation for soot remains unstudied. In this article, the dependence of the soot oxidation rate upon nanostructure, namely the length, sep…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Urea-SCR systems are potentially a highly-effective means of NO<sub>X</sub> reduction for light-duty diesel vehicles. However, use of urea-SCR technologies at low temperatures presents unique technical challenges. This study was undertaken to provide more knowledge abo…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Future emission limits of diesel engines require additional effort for developing adequate and advanced exhaust gas aftertreatment devices. Urea-SCR systems are a promising approach to reduce nitric oxide emissions. Computer models as a complementary tool to experimental investiga…
Treppenförmige Strukturen in den Hystereseschleifen bei 0.04 K (siehe Bild) werden von dotierten Einkristallen von TBA[(Pc)2] (Pc=Phthalocyaninato, TBA=Tetrabutylammonium), dem ersten Lanthanoid-Einzelmolekülmagneten, erzeugt. Sie werden mit einem resonanten Quantentunneln der Magnetisierung zwischen verschränkten Zus…
Nonequilibrium molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations show that shock-induced void collapse in copper occurs by emission of shear loops. These loops carry away the vacancies which comprise the void. The growth of the loops continues even after they collide and form sessile junctions, creating a hardened region around the…
Two methods to improve the dispersion, interfacial adhesion and properties of polymer mixtures are presented. Infrared spectroscopy and optical microscopy results document that control of the spacing of interacting moieties along the polymer chain results in optimal intermolecular hydrogen bonding and improved miscibi…
We have investigated the chemical distributions and the local electronic structure of potential diluted magnetic semiconductor Ge0.94Mn0.06 single crystals using scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM), x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and photoemission spectroscopy (PES). The SPEM image shows the stripe-shaped m…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">A dynamic system model for simulating the transient performance of a NO<sub>x</sub> aftertreatment system using Selective Catalytic Reduction with urea as a reductant (urea-SCR) was developed, calibrated for a heavy-duty engine application, and used to develop a closed…
Electromechanical imaging of tooth dentin and enamel has been performed with sub-10 nm resolution using piezoresponse force microscopy. Characteristic piezoelectric domain size and local protein fiber ordering in dentin have been determined. The shape of a single collagen fibril in enamel is visualized in real space a…
There have been recent reports of charge ordering around $x=0.5$ in the bilayer manganites. At $x=0.5$, there appears to be a coexistence region of layered A-type antiferromagnetc and charge order. There are also reports of orbital order in this region without any Jahn-Teller effect. Based on physical grounds, this re…
Due to the dispersion of optical phonons, long range electron-phonon correlations renormalize downwards the coupling strength in the Holstein model. We evaluate the size of this effect both in a linear chain and in a square lattice for a time averaged {\it e-ph} potential, where the time variable is introduced accordi…
The equilibrium thermodynamics of the two dimensional Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Model is derived by means of a path integral method which accounts for the variable range of the electronic hopping processes. While the lattice degrees of freedom are classical functions of time and are integrated out exactly, the electron par…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Hydrogen is frequently cited as a future energy carrier. Hydrogen allows a further optimization of internal combustion engines, especially with direct injection. In order to assess various concepts, detailed thermodynamic analyses were carried out. Effects, which can be neglected…
The replacement of SiO2 by so-called high-k oxides is one of the major challenges for the semiconductor industry to date. Based on electronic structure calculations and ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations, we are able to provide a consistent picture of the growth process of a class of epitaxial oxides around SrO…