Materials Literature
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Complex BaCO 3 superstructures can be easily generated by using poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) as structure directing agents in the mineralization process. More complex macroporous superstructures could be generated by cooperative templating effects of the molecular temp…
Novel bolaamphiphiles consisting of a rigid biphenyl unit, two terminal polar 1,2-diol units and laterally attached (semi)perfluorinated chains have been synthesized via palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions as the key step. The thermotropic liquid crystalline behavior of these compounds was investigated by pol…
Despite its famed reluctance to react with molecules such as dioxygen, gold has recently been shown to be an excellent catalyst for many chemical reactions. The catalyst generally consists of gold nanoparticles dispersed on an oxide support. In his Perspective, Davis highlights the report by Fu et al., who show that w…
We investigate spin diffusion in geometrically frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnets. It is found that the diffusion constant gradually increases from its high temperature limit as the temperature approaches the peak temperature of the susceptibility. Below the peak, the exponential decrease in the susceptibility lea…
The dynamics of an electron--hole pair induced by the time--dependent screened Coulomb interaction is discussed. In contrast to the case where the static electron--hole interaction is considered we demonstrate the occurrence of important dynamical excitonic effects in the solution of the Bethe--Salpeter equation.This…
We have fabricated Fe(N) thin films with varied N2 partial pressure and studied the microstructure, morphology, magnetic properties and resistivity by using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometer and angle-resolved M-H hysteresis Loop tracer and stan…
We report measurements of room-temperature compressibility, thermal expansion, thermoelectric power \ensuremath{\alpha}(T) at various pressures $P<~20\mathrm{kbar},$ basal-plane resistivity ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{\mathrm{ab}}(T),$ magnetic susceptibility, and thermal conductivity $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T)$ taken on si…
We present an extension of the density-functional theory (DFT) formalism for lattice gases to systems with internal degrees of freedom. In order to test approximations commonly used in DFT approaches, we investigate the statics and dynamics of occupation (density) profiles in the one-dimensional Potts model. In partic…
The $(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ commensurate layer of hexagonal boron nitride on nickel is investigated by density functional theory calculations. The full-potential linear-augmented-plane-wave method is used to obtain total energies for different structural models, the spin-resolved band structure, and l…
Resistivity measurements have been made on Nb cavities, as well as on Pb and Cu, at 296, 77, and 4.2 K by means of a contactless induced-current method. For superconductors, a constant magnetic field drives the material normal below the transition temperature. These measurements provide a simple means for initial mate…
Capillary-driven flow of a perfectly wetting liquid into circular cylindrical tubes is studied. Based on an analysis of previous approaches, a comprehensive theoretical model is presented which is not limited to certain special cases. This model considers the meniscus reorientation, the dynamic contact angle as well a…
This paper reports a detailed theoretical study of the interaction between a central low-spin d(8) nickel ion and two N,N-coordinating diiminobenzosemiquinonate(1-) ligands in a square planar arrangement. Such complexes have recently attracted much attention due to their unusual bonding patterns, structures, optical,…
Abstract This microreview deals mainly with the synthesis and the electronic and chemical properties of gold nanoparticles. Modern synthetic routes, based on physical and on chemical procedures, as well as structural and optical features, are described. The bulk‐to‐molecule transition is discussed by studying size‐con…
Scientific interest in optimizing the properties of gadolinium (III) complexes as MRI contrast agents has led to many new insights into lanthanide ion coordination chemistry in the last two decades. Among these was the surprising observation that water exchange in lanthanide (III) derivatives of DOTA can be modulated…
Anodic alumina (AA) membranes are composed of highly uniform, nanometer-scale pores arranged in a hexagonal close-packed array. Depositing conformal films inside the nanopores is extremely difficult because the nanopores have an ultrahigh aspect ratio of L / d ≈ 10 3 . Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a thin film grow…
Abstract A chelating agent, alizarin, was used to pretreat an aluminum surface before the electrochemical synthesis of polyaniline. Alizarin had two main effects on the process: (1) it suppressed the hydrogen evolution reaction and increased the current efficiency and (2) it stabilized the open‐circuit potential in a…
Abstract The free‐radical graft copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MAH) onto polypropylene (PP) with the assistance of styrene (St) in supercritical carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) was studied. The effects of the St concentration and initiator concentration on the functionality degree of the grafted PP in supercritical CO 2…
Abstract Polyamide‐12 and chlorobutyl rubber were blended by dynamic vulcanization in a high shear environment using curing systems based on sulfur, dithiocarbamate/ZnO, and 4,4‐methylenebiscyclohexylamine/MgO. As expected, all blends with curing agents show increased tensile strength and elongation at break in compar…
Abstract The influence of molecular orientation on the “memory effect” of polyamides was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. Melt crystallization of undrawn and drawn polyamide 6 (N6) and polyamide 66 (N66) fibers showed no difference either in the rate of crystallization or crystallization temperature.…
Tungsten oxide films were successfully synthesized by electroless deposition on copper substrates from tungsten−peroxo electrolytes. The reducing electrons were provided by the copper substrate during oxidation to CuO. Mesoporous tungsten oxide was also fabricated by this method using SDS as a templating agent. This m…