Materials Literature
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As to an oxide dispersion strengthened (ODs) ferritic steel cladding as the promising candidate for long-life core materials of the fast reactors, previously fabricated claddings had inferior internal creep rupture strength in hoop direction and inferior formability due to less ductility. Those unexpected features of…
The new Schiff base ligand 2-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (L, 1) has been synthesized and characterized by spectral techniques and single-crystal X-ray analysis. Crystals of 1 are monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n with a = 12.964(4) Å, b = 5.131(5) Å, c = 4.970(1) Å, beta = 94.32(2) degrees, and Z = 4. The thios…
Conventional and new sintering mechanisms have been investigated using fine powders of CeO 2 and Y 2 O 3 of excellent sinterability. We have verified the validity of Herrings scaling law for 60%–84% relative density and found that it is consistent with grain‐boundary‐diffusion control. At lower densities, we have foun…
The C 1s and O 1s X-ray absorption spectra of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) have been recorded using transmission, fluorescence, and electron yield detection. The corresponding electron energy loss spectra (EELS) have been recorded in a scanning transmission electron microscope. These results are compared to the…
Bolaamphiphiles with a 1-glucosamide-head group at each end, N, N‘ -bis(β- d -glucopyranosyl)alkane-1, n -dicarboxamide [ Glc-NC( n )CN-Glc, n = 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14], have been synthesized. Self-assembled supramolecular structures in water strongly depend on whether n is even or odd, which respectively give r…
The crystallization of suspensions of sterically stabilized polymer particles, with hard-sphere-like interactions, is studied by laser light scattering. Over the range of volume fractions examined, from just below melting to the glass transition, crystallization occurs by homogeneous nucleation. After the suspensions…
We calculate the long-range pair potential between spherical colloid particles suspended in a uniform liquid crystal. At weak director anchoring on the particle surface the director distortions decay as \ensuremath{\delta}n\ensuremath{\sim}${\mathrm{r}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$sin 2\ensuremath{\theta} away from its…
Thin fibers of calf thymus Na-DNA were electrospun from aqueous solutions with concentrations from 0.3% to 1.5%. In electrospinning, a high voltage is used to create an electrically charged jet of liquid solution, which dries to leave a polymer fiber. The electrospun DNA fibers have diameters around 50 to 80 nm. The d…
Computer simulation techniques have been used to model cubic CeO 2 −ZrO 2 solid solutions in the whole composition range. Aspects related with the oxygen storage capacity of these materials are emphasized. The energetics of the Ce 4+ /Ce 3+ bulk reduction reaction as well as the activation energy for oxygen migration…
We review the use of specular X-ray reflectivity (XRR) for the characterization of thin-film and surface structures. Specular X-ray scattering at small scattering vectors allows characterization of electron density profiles perpendicular to the surface on the length scale of 0.1 to 100 nm. This allows measurement of s…
Electrical conductivity relaxation experiments were performed on thin specimens of ( x = 0.1, 0.4) at oxygen partial pressures in the temperature range 923 to 1223 K. The transient response of the electrical conductivity after a sudden change of the ambient oxygen partial pressure was analyzed in the frequency domain.…
Nanosize silver particles are formed in aqueous surfactant systems and have been found to be very reactive toward oxygen in the presence of borohydride. Purging of air (O 2 ) or simple shaking leads to complete dissolution of silver particles, which is further regenerated on standing. Thus an oscillation between a yel…
Using a very sensitive time-resolved interferometric technique, we study the laser induced carrier trapping dynamics in wide band-gap crystals with 100 fs temporal resolution. The fast trapping of electrons in the band-gap is associated with the formation of self-trapped excitons (STE's). The STE's formation kinetics…
A planar thin‐film solid oxide fuel cell has been fabricated with an inexpensive, scalable, technique involving colloidal deposition of yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) films on porous NiO‐YSZ substrates, yielding solid oxide fuel cells capable of exceptional power density at operating temperatures of 700 to 800°C. Th…
The water sorption isotherm and the crystallization rates for amorphous indomethacin were determined at 30 degrees C as a function of relative humidity (RH), along with the effects of water content on the glass transition temperature (T(g)). Below 43% RH, only the stable gamma crystal form appears, whereas at higher R…
Single-crystal thin films of Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 (PZT) covering the full compositional range (0⩽x⩽1) were deposited by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Epitaxial SrRuO3(001) thin films grown on SrTiO3(001) substrates by rf-magnetron sputter deposition served as template electrode layers to promote the epitaxial gro…
A strong single red emission band λmax = 613 nm, FWMH = 450 cm—1) was observed at room temperature in Pr3+-doped calcium titanates. The evolution of the intensity of this luminescence was analysed in compensated and uncompensated samples (using Na+, Ag+ or Tl+ as charge compensators) and also as a function of Pr conce…
Polyelectrolyte multilayers containing electrochemically active viologen units have been constructed using the layer-by-layer deposition technique with poly(styrenesulfonate) and poly(butanylviologen) as polyanion and polycation, respectively. All redox active material is electrochemically addressable in multilayers m…
ABSTRACT Beeswax, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, and a high‐melting fraction of anhydrous milkfat were homogenized with whey protein to produce edible emulsion films. Lipid type and amount were important in controlling the emulsion film water vapor permeability (WVP). The WVPs of the beeswax and milkfat emulsion films…
Myofibrillar protein-based films were developed from a film-forming solution based on fish mince. Glycerol, sorbitol, or sucrose was incorporated as plasticizer at various concentrations. The increase in film solubility in water with plasticizer content reflect plasticizer solubility in water. Solubility in water of p…