Materials Literature
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We present an experimental study of the effects of hydrophilic, nonadsorbing polymers on the stability of monodisperse oil-in-water emulsions. Above some threshold polymer concentration, the chains induce droplet segregation into fluid and solid phases due to the depletion effect. At higher polymer concentrations, pol…
The factors which affect the adherence of a bacteria cell to the surface of a biomaterial include the surface chemistry of the cell and material, as well as the composition of the adsorbed protein layer when the biomaterial is exposed to circulating blood. In an effort to better understand the mechanisms by which bact…
The motion of a melt-blown fiber was experimentally measured. After exiting the spinning die, a melt-blown fiber was found to vibrate with frequencies and amplitudes that were functions of the operating conditions (polymer flow rate, polymer temperature, air flow rate, and air temperature). Fiber amplitude was measure…
A photochromic saccharide receptor with a diarylethene photoswitch changes the binding event with glucose by photoirradiation.
Racemic poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) (P(3HB)) was prepared by the ring-opening polymerization of racemic β-butyrolactone (β-BL) in the presence of methylaluminoxane and fractionated into five components with various isotactic diad fractions ([ i ]) varying from 0.88 to 0.54. The degree of X-ray crystallinity of isotact…
Phosphonates are water treatment chemicals that are effectively utilized in many industrial processes as dispersants, bleaching agents, or scale and corrosion inhibitors. In many of these applications, the phosphonates are able to react with divalent cations such as calcium to form stable divalent cation−phosphonate p…
We report the synthesis of continuous and crystallographically aligned single crystals of molybdenum oxide based nanowires up to micrometres in length inside carbon nonotubes: opened tubes are filled using molten MoO3 followed by controlled reduction under dilute hydrogen to MoO2 material.
Two routes for the synthesis of star block copolymers having exactly two arms of polyisoprene (PI) and two of polybutadiene (PB) are described. The first route starts by condensing one molecule of silicon tetrachloride with two of poly(isoprenyl)lithium which has been end-capped by a few units of styrene. The second r…
Cation-exchanged 12-molybdophosphates deposited on a graphite surface were imaged by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and their current−voltage behavior in tunneling spectroscopy (TS) measurements was examined. The periodicity of the polyanion arrays in the STM images was ca. 11−14 Å, and the spacing was dependent…
The region of the phase diagram in the system (Na1/2Bi1/2)1−xPbxTiO3 from x=0 to 0.2 was established using dielectric measurements along with the phase diagram established in part I of this work. The diffuse phase transition behavior of solid solutions with low PbTiO3 content was also investigated. When x is lower tha…
The synthesis, crystal structure and properties of the compound [Cu 4 (dpk·CH 3 O) 2 Cl 6 ] n (dpk·CH 3 OH = unimethylated diol of di-2-pyridyl ketone) ( 1 ), the first example of a copper(II) polymer having a tetrameric repeating unit with S = 2 ground state is reported. The synthesis of compound 1 has been achieved…
The rod−coil polymer of ethyl 4-[4‘-oxy-4-biphenylylcarbonyloxy]-4‘-biphenylcarboxylate with poly(ethylene oxide) with a degree of polymerization of 12 ( 12-4 ) was observed to exhibit a microphase-separated lamellar structure with nanoscale dimension and to melt into a layered smectic A mesophase. The complexes of 12…
Fifty different polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (PHA)-accumulating bacterial strains were investigated for the occurrence of phasin proteins bound to PHA granules and related to the GA24 protein of Alcaligenes eutrophus H16, by isolating PHA granules and Western blot analysis of granule-associated proteins employing antibodi…
Nanogranular amorphous+fcc-Al phases were found to be formed in rapidly solidified Al94V4M2 (M=Fe or Co) and Al93V5Ni2 alloys. The grain size of the amorphous phase is 5 to 30 nm and of the fcc-Al phase 7 to 30 nm. Besides, the mixed structure consisting of nanoscale icosahedral (I) particles surrounded by an fcc-Al p…
Heterogeneous nucleation, which is often detrimental to the production of suitable crystals for X-ray diffraction, can be induced by the contact of a crystallization sample with the walls of its supporting vessel. A novel method for creating a 'containerless' environment for the growth of protein crystals is described…
The reaction of water and oxygen to form hydroxyl radicals over the metal oxide catalysts La 2 O 3, Nd 2 O 3, Sm 2 O 3, Yb 2 O 3, CeO 2, and MgO was studied at pressures up to several Torr. After reaction over 27 mg of La 2 O 3 at 900 °C, the measured concentration of hydroxyl radicals in the gas phase, detected by la…
The reaction between colloidal palladium and cupric acetate in 2-ethoxyethanol leads sequentially to the reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(0) at the surface of the palladium particle and dissolution of the deposited copper in the palladium matrix. The reaction was monitored by infrared spectroscopy using carbon monoxide adsor…
Gif chemistry permits the selective functionalization of saturated hydrocarbons under very mild conditions. The formation of alkyl chlorides is shown to derive from an FeII–FeIV manifold and is distinct from the usual ketonization process (Gif chemistry) produced by an FeIII–FeV manifold. The importance of certain car…
A new type of intramolecular charge-transfer dye has been prepared. The LUMO of the acceptor part (1,3-indandione) in these compounds is spiroconjugated with the HOMO of the donor part (aromatic diamine or amino thiol). The interaction between the donor and acceptor is controlled by the energy and symmetry of the fron…
A series of three-ring heteroaromatic compounds consisting of a pyridine central ring and thiophene, selenophene, or N -methylpyrrole outer rings, and their polymers have been investigated. Differences in redox potentials and electronic absorbance spectra of the three-ring monomers have been interpreted with the aid o…