Materials Literature
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The changes in density, wave functions, and self-consistent potentials of solids, in response to small atomic displacements or infinitesimal homogeneous electric fields, are considered in the framework of the density-functional theory. A variational principle for second-order derivatives of the energy provides a basis…
Abstract Mercury is known to be present as a trace component in many natural gas reservoirs. As an environmentally hazardous element, mercury has to be removed from the gas stream, preferably on the production site. This removal causes various problems for the operator. First of all the selection of adequate analytica…
There is a quite serious discrepancy in the literature, in the electron energy range 5 - 10 eV, between the most recent elastic differential cross section (DCS) measurements of Woeste et al and Sullivan et al , particularly for electron scattering angles of less than . This disagreement is reflected in both the shape…
The magnetization of F- and P-type icosahedral Al - Pd - Mn was studied in the temperature region between 2 and 870 K in a magnetic field below 80 kOe. F-type icosahedral phase samples obtained by quenching from 1075 K were transformed to the low-temperature-phase form during the magnetic measurement above 600 K. The…
A novel layer-by-layer cubic growth pathway involving ${\mathrm{C}}_{2}$ dimers is advanced for large titanium carbide clusters based on observation of new magic numbers in the anions. This growth mechanism explains uniquely all the magic numbers in a multicage growth model previously proposed for large metal carbide…
Dielectric spectroscopy up to a frequency of 380 GHz has been performed on the molten salts $[\mathrm{Ca}({\mathrm{NO}}_{3}{)}_{2}{]}_{0.4}[{\mathrm{KNO}}_{3}{]}_{0.6}$ (CKN) and $[\mathrm{Ca}({\mathrm{NO}}_{3}{)}_{2}{]}_{0.4}[{\mathrm{RbNO}}_{3}{]}_{0.6}$ (CRN). For the first time, conclusive results for the transiti…
We report the effect of both miscut angle (α) and miscut direction (β) of vicinal substrates on the epitaxial growth and domain structure of isotropic metallic oxide SrRuO3 thin films. The thin films have been grown on vicinal (001) SrTiO3 substrates with α up to 4.1° and β up to 37° away from the in-plane [010] axis.…
The vibrational modes of the sp3 sites in tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) thin films are revealed directly using ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy at 244 nm excitation and are shown to produce a Raman peak centered around 1100 cm−1. In addition, the main Raman peak associated with sp2 vibrational modes is shifted upw…
Blends of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and acrylonitrile-chlorinated polyethylene-styrene (ACS) graft copolymer were prepared by melt blending. Mechanical properties were studied by the use of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), impact tests, tensile tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The DMA study showed tha…
Inclusion compounds (ICs) can be formed between small-molecule hosts and guest polymers, where the crystalline host lattice confines the guest polymers to occupy narrow cylindrical channels. The included polymers are highly extended by the narrow channel diameters and are separated from neighboring polymer chains by t…
In vitro degradation of poly(L-lactic acid) fibers was investigated for a period of 16 weeks in Ringer solution at 37°C. Two sets of fibers, with similar initial mechanical properties, molar mass, and crystallinity content, but markedly different in diameter (72 and 120 μm) were studied. Viscometric molar mass decreas…
Electron-induced crosslinking of polypropylene with the addition of hydrogen-donating hydrocarbons produced from petroleum (HHAP) together with A-TMPT (trimethylpropanetriacrylate) was studied, and the following results were obtained: (1) Effective cross-linking was achieved at lower doses under 10 kGy. (2) HHAP funct…
We have discovered that electrochemically synthesized polypyrrole films undergo quick and intensive bending in ambient air without the use of heat, ions, or an electric field. The principle of motion was based on a reversible van der Waals adsorption of water or polar organic molecules onto the film, which distinguish…
Novel families of thermoplastic polysaccharides such as cellulose-2,5-acetate were produced by means of reactive processing technology that grafted cyclic lactones simultaneously onto polysaccharide, hydroxyfunctional plasticizer, and optionally also onto hydroxyfunctional fillers. Organosolv lignin, cellulose, starch…
Ferroelectric field effect devices offer the possibility of nonvolatile active memory elements. Doped rare-earth manganates, which are usually associated with colossal magnetoresistive properties, have been used as the semiconductor channel material of a prototypical epitaxial field effect device. The carrier concentr…
The yield conditions for the displacement of fluid droplets from solid boundaries are studied through a series of numerical computations. The study includes gravitational and interfacial forces, but is restricted to two-dimensional droplets and low-Reynolds-number flow. A comprehensive study is conducted, covering a w…
The component of photoexcited states with large spatial extent is investigated for poly(para-phenylenevinylene) using the intermediate exciton theory. We find a peak due to long-range excitons at the higher-energy side of the lowest main feature of optical spectra. The fact that the onset of long-range excitons is loc…
Exciton effects on conjugated polymers and the resulting optical nonlinearities are investigated in soliton lattice states. We use the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with long-range Coulomb interactions for electrons. The third-harmonic generation (THG) at off-resonant frequencies is calculated as functions of the soliton…
Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” opt…
The present work is devoted to investigation of the temperature and frequency dependencies of the different relaxing values in highly-viscous glycerol-like liquids. The consideration is based on microinhomogeneous structure conception, allowing us to give the consecutive explanation to both the thermodynamic and kinet…