Materials Literature
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The degradation (fatigue) of dielectric properties of ferroelectric Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 (PZT) and SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films during cycling was investigated. PZT and SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films were fabricated by metalorganic decomposition and pulsed laser deposition, respectively. Samples with electrodes of platinum (Pt) and rutheni…
The incorporation of metal clusters into thin organic dye layers as a method for producing strongly absorbing composite layers: an oscillator model approach to resonant metal cluster absorption, O Stenzel, S Wilbrandt, A Stendal, U Beckers, K Voigtsberger, C von Borczyskowski
The thermal stability of five structurally distinctive silicone polymers and the silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives derived therefrom were investigated over a wide temperature range. Thermogravimetric analyses and isothermal weight loss studies showed that the thermal stability of these polymers ranked as follows:…
In this chapter we present an overview of the high-temperature properties and applications of polymers and polymer composites. Included are discussions of heat transfer in polymer-based materials, their physical and mechanical properties at elevated temperatures, chemical and physical aging of polymers and effects of…
In this chapter we present an overview of the high-temperature properties and applications of polymers and polymer composites. Included are discussions of heat transfer in polymer-based materials, their physical and mechanical properties at elevated temperatures, chemical and physical aging of polymers and effects of…
Present and future information technology requires ever faster data transmission rates, but conventional circuitry has serious limitations. In his Perspective, Walba describes a new generation of electrooptical devices based on liquid crystals. These ‘spatial light modulators’ can be integrated with silicon circuits t…
The pressure dependence of the Born effective charge, dielectric constant and zone-center LO and TO phonons have been determined for $3C$-SiC by a linear response method based on the linearized augmented plane wave calculations within the local density approximation. The Born effective charges are found to increase ne…
The recent development of methods for generating libraries of solid-state compounds has made it possible to apply combinatorial approaches to the discovery of materials. A library of 128 members containing different compositions and stoichiometries of Ln x M y CoO δ , where Ln = Y or La and M = Pb, Ca, Sr, or Ba, was…
A two-dimensional \underline{Frenkel-Kontorova model} under a steady external force is used to study the nonlinear sliding friction between flat macroscopic surfaces with a lubricant layer in between. The nonequilibrium properties of the model are simulated by a Brownian molecular dynamics and results are obtained as…
Thin liquid film physics structure, drainage and coalescence of foams and concentrated emulsions foam rheology - the theory and role of interfacial rheological properties experimental results on foam rheology experimental techniques for the characterization of foams fundamental methods for measuring foam stability non…
We study the underpotential deposition of Cu on single-crystal Au(111) electrodes in sulfate-containing electrolytes by a combination of computational statistical-mechanics based lattice-gas modeling and experiments. The experimental methods are in situ cyclic voltammetry and coulometry and ex situ Auger electron spec…
Abstract Any simultaneous interpenetrating network (SIN) synthesis contains three key events. These are gelation of polymer I, gelation of polymer II, and phase separation of polymer I from polymer II. Metastable phase diagrams of SINs are developed, in which the time occurrence of these three events is represented. A…
The influence of multiple-scattering contributions in the X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) above the iridium L III edge is discussed for the iridium oxide IrO 2 . It is shown that multiple scattering in the IrO 6 cluster cannot explain the occurrence of some features, as previously proposed by comparing with rhe…
In this letter we report a nanoparticle-derived route to CdTe thin films. CdTe nanoparticles 39±8 Å in diameter, prepared by an organometallic route, were characterized by x-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. CdTe thin-film deposition was r…
Bright rings are observed in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image when charge flashover in vacuum occurs on circularly bound polymethylmethacrylate surfaces using a SEM. The number and diameters of these rings vary with the applied observation voltage. These bright rings in the SEM correspond to the charge acc…
Planar metal–diamond–metal photoconductive devices have been fabricated from free standing large grain (20–30 μm) polycrystalline thin film diamond. An interdigitated electrode design with spacings of 20 μm was used to produce effective UV photodetecting devices at bias values in the range 0.1–10 V. A methane-air trea…
Using small angle neutron scattering techniques, we have determined the interfacial density profile of polyelectrolyte brushes. We show that in pure water the density profile has a Gaussian shape whose characteristic length appears to be a decreasing function of the grafting density. Upon the addition of salt, the lay…
We report the fabrication and characterization of zinc-indium-oxide films with similar electrical conductivity and better transparency in both the visible and infrared compared with indium–tin–oxide, a widely used transparent conductor in many technological applications. Dramatically superior transmission properties i…
A new aspect of the nature of the relaxation rate distribution of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ relaxation in glasses is analyzed for the example of a polymer: How long does a polymer segment remember its relaxation rate? For a two-state system we describe the rate memory in terms of a single dimensionless parameter. Applying…
The metastable states of a glass are localized and counted by adding a weak pinning field that explicitly breaks the ergodicity. The entropy of the metastable states, that is, the logarithm of their number, is extensive in a range of temperatures ${T}_{s}<T<{T}_{c}$ only. It is argued that ${T}_{s}$ and ${T}_{c}…