Materials Literature
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The energy diagram of ${\mathrm{Mn}}_{12}$-acetate is probed close to the top of the anisotropy barrier using a novel, high-sensitivity, electron paramagnetic resonance technique. Multiple resonances, and their temperature dependence, are observed from 35 to 115 GHz, for a single high-quality crystal. The data are suf…
Amphiphilic block copolymer templates in sol-gel processes yield bicontinuous silicates with distorted hexagonal symmetry (see, for example, the transmission electron migrograph depicted on the right). The long Bragg distance of 8-13 nm combined with the high mechanical and thermal stability suggests some promising pr…
Extensive molecular dynamics simulations are performed on a glass-forming Lennard-Jones mixture to determine the nature of the cooperative motions occurring in this model fragile liquid. We observe stringlike cooperative molecular motion (``strings'') at temperatures well above the glass transition. The mean length of…
The room-temperature modulated structure of ${\mathrm{NbTe}}_{4}$ was studied by means of scanning tunneling microscopy. In addition to a relatively weak image of the average structure and stronger contrast from the incommensurate modulation, contributions from domains of nanometer sizes were detected, which appeared…
To control in situ oxygen fugacity in a sample at high temperature and high pressure, the oxygen pump that is usually used at ambient pressure was introduced into a high‐pressure system in the present work. Inside the sample assembly, an oxygen buffer was used as an oxygen reservoir. By means of our high‐pressure oxyg…
The interplay between the electron repulsion $U$ and the Jahn-Teller electron-phonon interaction ${E}_{\mathrm{LR}}$ is studied with a large-$d$ model for the ferromagnetic state of the manganese oxides. These two interactions collaborate to induce local isospin (orbital) moments and to reduce the bandwidth $B.$ The r…
Electron scattering factors of ions are represented in a parametrized form which separates the diverging Coulomb term due to ionic charge from the contribution of the screened atomic field. Using this representation it is shown how dynamical reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) calculations can be perfo…
We present the first characterization of the late photo-intermediates (Meta I, Meta II and Meta III) of a vertebrate cone pigment in a lipid environment. Marked differences from the same pathway in the rod pigment were observed. The histidine-tagged human green cone pigment was functionally expressed in large-scale su…
Electroluminescence of strained Si0.80Ge0.20/Si(001) pin diodes has been investigated experimentally and by quantitative modeling. The key aspect of this investigation was that by selective epitaxial growth the experimental critical thickness for plastic relaxation (80 nm at Tepi=700 °C and large areas) could be incre…
The electronic and magnetic properties of NaCl-type FeN and the hyperfine field at Fe sites in NaCl-type FeN are investigated by band calculations using a full-potential linearized augmented-plane-wave method. The equilibrium lattice constant obtained theoretically (∼4.0 Å) is much smaller than the experimental value…
The interfacial interactions between in situ thermally evaporated Au and polycarbonate (PC) film, a technologically important polymeric material, is studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Angle resolved XPS is performed to investigate the Au reactivity if any, in forming the metal-polymer interface. The sp…
A difference in thermal expansion between a thin film and its substrate causes mechanical stresses in the film. Therefore, knowledge of the thermal expansion coefficients of thin films are important for their technological applications. In this article, we present an analysis which can be used to extract the thermal e…
We have investigated the transport properties of two-dimensional arrays of normal islands interconnected by tunnel junctions fabricated close to a conducting ground plane. For bias voltages $V$ below a threshold voltage ${V}_{\mathrm{th}},$ the current $I$ is thermally activated with an activation energy proportional…
The excellent magnetic properties of nanoscaled composite magnets can only be obtained by imposing strong requirements on the grain structure. The soft magnetic phase with a maximum extension smaller than 20 nm should be embedded into a hard magnetic environment. Furthermore the grain boundaries should be as ideal as…
Distributions of neutral Si-clusters centered around mean sizes of 50 and 200 atoms have been produced using a laser vaporization source and deposited on various substrates at room temperature in ultrahigh vacuum. The Si-cluster assembled films obtained, resulting from the random stacking of incident free nanosize clu…
Pressure influence on the electronic band structure of NiAs-type CrTe is studied for non-magnetic, ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states by using a self-consistent LAPW method. The total energy is calculated as a function of the lattice spacing a , keeping the ratio c / a as the observed value. The ferromagnetic…
A computer simulation of molecular dynamics is carried out to study the effects of a sigma 5 twist boundary on the formation of displacement damage cascades in silver. When a displacement damage cascade forms near the boundary, interstitial atoms are attracted and segregate on the boundary. The number of Frenkel defec…
We study the elastic properties of homopolymer/homopolymer interfaces containing diblock copolymers by means of a theory of Gaussian fluctuations. The interfacial tension and the bending rigidity of the interface in the two-phase coexistence region are calculated from the power spectrum of capillary modes. Our theory…
The dynamics of comblike polymers with a methacrylic backbone and flexible side chains were investigated by frequency and temperature dependent dielectric measurements. The cooperative motions of the main-chain segments and the side chains were first characterized in an amorphous polymer, i.e., the homopolymer of oleo…
X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) measurements have been performed on the intermetallic compounds ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}\mathrm{ZrSn},$ ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{x}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{Sn},$ ${\mathrm{Co}}_{2}\mathrm{ZrSn},$ and ${\mathrm{Co}}_{x}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{Sn}.$ The XPS valence…