Materials Literature
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Titanium surfaces were coated with bovine serum albumin using carbodiimide, a crosslinking agent. The durability of the coated surfaces and the inhibitory effect of the albumin coating on bacterial adherence were tested in vitro for 20 consecutive days at 37 degrees C in phosphate buffered saline, with intermittent ag…
We introduce a method for using dynamic light scattering to measure the frequency-dependent linear viscoelastic moduli of complex fluids. The technique exploits the fluctuation dissipation theorem, which relates the relaxation of thermal excitations of a probe particle to the viscoelastic properties of the surrounding…
The behaviour of mode I cracks in -Fe is investigated using molecular statics computer simulation methods with an EAM potential. A double-ended crack of finite size embedded in a cylindrical simulation cell and fixed boundary conditions are prescribed along the periphery of the cell, whereas periodic boundary conditio…
Abstract Layered bimetallic gold‐palladium colloids in the size range of 20–56 nm have been synthesized by the seed=growth method: gold seeds were covered by palladium layers of various thickness and vice versa. The outer metal was coordinated by trisulfonated triphenylphosphine and sodium sulfanilate ligands to stabi…
Distributions of wave fields in three-dimensional domains are analyzed, synthesized, and generated experimentally. Fundamental limits are discussed and sampling conditions are derived for their generation, with use of a single diffractive element. A general design procedure, based on optimization algorithms, is develo…
We present a detailed analysis of magnetoresistance in tetragonal thin films of ferromagnetic ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{\ensuremath{\delta}}$ grown by atomic layer-by-layer molecular-beam epitaxy. The field and temperature dependence of the resistivity $\ensuremath{\rho}$ show an…
Encapsulation of platinum-group metals (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt) within carbon nanocapsules and synthesis of single-layered (SL) carbon nanotubes by arc evaporation of metal/carbon composites have been studied. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that all the platinum-group metals, forming small particles (10–200…
The intermediate‐temperature oxidation embrittlement, or ‘pest,’ effect found in ceramic‐matrix composites (CMCs) is shown to have features analogous to stress corrosion cracking. The behavior involves crack growth upon oxidation of the fibers or the fiber coatings to form an oxide that weakens the fibers. It has reac…
Abstract The iron(II) complex [Fe(bpp) 2 ]‐(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 H 2 O (bpp = 2,6‐bis(pyrazolyl‐3‐yl)pyridine) shows a thermal spin transition associated with a hysteresis of approximately 140 K width. The transition temperatures T 1/2 (where the fraction of HS species γ HS = 0.5) are 147 K and ≈︁285 K in the cooling and hea…
Gold(III) ions in aqueous solutions of NaAuCl4 were reduced to form gold particles by ultrasonic irradiation. The rate of formation of gold particles was accelerated in the presence of certain organic additives such as surfactants, water-soluble polymers and aliphatic alcohols and ketones. The rates of formation of go…
Micromagnetic calculations using the finite-element method provide a quantitative understanding of demagnetization processes in nanocrystalline ferromagnetic materials. In these materials demagnetization processes are mainly determined by short-range exchange and long-range dipolar interactions, which sensitively depe…
High pulse energies of nanosecond-level fourth- and fifth-harmonic (4omega and 5omega) generation of a Nd:YAG laser have been obtained with a CsLiB(6)O(10) (CLBO) nonlinear crystal. 500 mJ of 4omega output with a conversion efficiency of 50% from the second-harmonic input was generated. 5omega output at 213 nm of as h…
The fictive temperature dependence of the relative abundances of three‐ and four‐coordinated boron was investigated in several sodium borate and borosilicate glasses using high‐resolution 11 B nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In the compositions with low sodium/boron ratios, no effect was observed, but in the borosil…
Abstract Hydrocracking of vacuum gas oil is an important chemical process involving complex reaction mixtures. The reaction is carried out in a trickle‐bed reactor, considering reaction kinetics along with such hydrodynamic effects as mass transfer, intraparticle diffusion, and partial wetting. Since reaction kinetics…
Silicon nitride was fabricated by tape casting of α‐Si 3 N 4 powder with 5 wt% Y 2 O 3 and 5 vol% rodlike β‐Si 3 N 4 seed particles, followed by tape stacking, hot pressing under 40 MPa, and annealing at 1850°C for 2‐66 h under a nitrogen pressure of 0.9 MPa. Silicon nitrides fabricated by this procedure exhibited a h…
The fracture behavior of multilayer Si 3 N 4 /BN ceramics in bending has been studied. The materials were prepared by a process of tape casting, coating, laminating, and hot pressing. The Si 3 N 4 layers were separated by thin, weak BN interlayers. Crack patterns in bending bars were examined with a scanning electron…
All articles of this category The synthesis and characterization of a variety of subphthalocyanines and subnaphthalocyanines are reported. The isomers of several trisubstituted subphthalocyanines were separated by HPLC. The physical properties of subphthalocyanines are investigated and their use as novel targets for N…
The mean first passage time for the close approach of the ends of a polymer is investigated by computer simulation of the Brownian dynamics of a Rouse model. There are N bonds, of length b, and the contact distance is a. The results for N=50, 75, and 100 are compared with theoretical predictions by Wilemski and Fixman…
The photoluminescence (PL) of amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H) has been investigated as a function of optical gap and excitation energy. The PL spectra exhibit a red shift when the excitation energy falls below the optical gap. The bandwidth of the PL spectra increases with the excitation energy but depends very…
The use of electron energy-loss spectroscopy for characterization of zirconium oxide pseudopolymorphs is investigated. The results demonstrate that spectroscopic ``fingerprints'' for each phase can be identified and the technique can be utilized for phase identification. The oxygen K-edge spectra are analyzed in detai…