Materials Literature
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Abstract A new Monte Carlo technique for the simulation of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images for an inhomogeneous specimen with a complex geometric structure has been developed. The simulation is based on constructive solid geometry (CSG) modelling, i.e. constructive solid geometry modelling with simple geomet…
Abstract A brief description is given of three databases issued by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). These databases, designed principally for applications in Auger‐electron spectroscopy (AES) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), provide electron elastic‐scattering cross sections, el…
Underwater explosions are conventionally identified and characterized by their seismic and/or acoustic signature based on spherical models of explosion bubbles. These models can be misleading in cases where the bubble is distorted by proximity to the free surface, the bottom, or to a solid object. An experimental and…
Abstract We present calculated electron stopping powers (SPs) for 10 elemental solids (Al, Si, Cr, Ni, Cu, Ge, Pd, Ag, Pt, and Au). These calculations were made for electron energies between 100 eV and 30 keV, and were obtained using the same basic algorithm as that employed in our previous calculations of electron in…
In order to improve the luminance of blue emission of the plasma display panel (PDP), BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ (BAM) phosphors were synthesized and were coated with SiO2. It was revealed that the surface coating of phosphors with SiO2 leads to an increase in luminance intensity of PDP devices. This seems to be due to the incr…
Abstract Summary: The vapor‐based synthesis and characterization of a reactive polymer, poly[(4‐formyl‐ p ‐xylylene)‐ co ‐( p ‐xylylene)] ( 1 ), have been reported. The reactive polymer coating enables the immobilization of oligosaccharides via the chemoselective aldehyde‐hydrazide coupling reaction. magnified image
Abstract Summary: A simple compounding technique for the fabrication of polymer nanocomposites with single‐walled carbon nanotubes having exceptional alignment and improved mechanical properties is described. The aligned‐nanotube composite was prepared by dissolving single‐walled carbon nanotubes in a solution of ther…
Abstract The semiconductor electronics industry places significant demands upon secondary electron imaging to obtain dimensional measurements that are used for process control or failure analysis. Tolerances for measurement uncertainty and repeatability are smaller than the spatial resolution of edges in the scanning…
Abstract There is an urgent need for fast, non‐destructive and quantitative two‐dimensional dopant profiling of modern and future ultra large‐scale semiconductor devices. The low voltage scanning electron microscope (LVSEM) has emerged to satisfy this need, in part, whereby it is possible to detect different secondary…
We have studied the low-frequency dielectric properties of the phase-separated manganite ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ as a function of applied magnetic field in the low temperature phase-separated state. The dielectric constant is strongly field dependent and also depends on the…
Abstract The one-pot synthesis of cobalt (Co) oxide nanoparticles in the apoferritin cavities was studied. A detailed survey revealed that the optimum conditions are mixing 3 mM Co(II) ion with 0.5 mg/mL apoferritin in 100 mM HEPES pH 8.3 buffer solution followed by the oxidation of Co(II) ion by the addition of hydro…
A polarization-independent phase-only liquid crystal (LC) phase modulator using a double-layered structure is demonstrated. Two orthogonal LC layers are separated by two ultra-thin anisotropic polymer films. The anisotropic polymeric films not only separate the LC layers but also provide good molecular alignment. As a…
Using thermoforging process, dense Ca3Co4O9 (Co349) thermoelectric oxides have been successfully textured. The various parameters influencing the formation of the Co349-textured material have been investigated. The electrical transport measurements show an anisotropy of the resistivity in good agreement with scanning…
We used trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) capped colloidal InP nanocrystals (Q-InP|TOPO) to explore the potential of solution 1H NMR spectroscopy in studying in situ the capping and capping exchange of sterically stabilized colloidal nanocrystals. The spectrum of Q-InP|TOPO shows resonances of free TOPO, superimposed on…
Abstract NISTMonte is a new application for Monte Carlo simulation, of electron transport, X‐ray generation and transmission in complex sample geometries. NISTMonte uses the Mott cross section, to model elastic scattering and the Joy–Luo expression to model energy loss. The ionization cross section is modeled using th…
Over about the last two decades, many kinds of stimuli-responsive polymer gels in response to the change in their surroundings such as solvent composition, temperature, pH, and supply of electric field, etc., have been developed. They have attracted much attention as intelligent (or smart, biomimetic) materials which…
We have studied the resistance of single-wall carbon nanotubes measured in a four-point configuration with noninvasive voltage electrodes. The voltage drop is detected using multiwalled carbon nanotubes while the current is injected through nanofabricated Au electrodes. The resistance at room temperature is shown to b…
Ab initio simulations and experimental techniques are combined to reveal that, unlike what was commonly accepted for more than 30 years, perovskites and related materials enhance their ferroelectricity as hydrostatic pressure increases above a critical value. This unexpected high-pressure ferroelectricity is different…
We analyze from the dynamical point of view the classical characteristics of the Topological Non-connectivity Threshold (TNT), recently introduced in F.Borgonovi, G.L.Celardo, M.Maianti, E.Pedersoli, J.Stat.Phys.,116,516(2004). This shows interesting connections among Topology, Dynamics, and Thermo-Statistics of ferro…
Abstract We have determined electron inelastic mean free paths (IMFPs) in C (graphite), Si, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Mo, Ag, Ta, W, Pt and Au by elastic‐peak electron spectroscopy (EPES) using Ni as a reference material for electron energies between 50 and 5000 eV. These IMFPs could be fitted by the simple Bethe equation f…