Materials Literature
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<div class="htmlview paragraph">It has been recently shown that (Ce, Zr)O<sub>2</sub> mixed oxides provide improved catalytic performances compared to pure CeO<sub>2</sub>. Cerium oxide is the active Oxygen Storage Capacity (OSC) component in three way catalysts. However, higher performan…
We report an experimental measurement of the temporal dependence of the area ${A}_{\mathrm{us}}$ in a two-dimensional soap froth which has not been swept by the passage of soap films up to time $t$, as the froth coarsens from an initial time ${t}_{0}$ within the scaling regime. We find ${A}_{\mathrm{us}}$ scales with…
The crystal structure of the layered perovskite ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.2}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{1.8}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ has been studied under hydrostatic pressure up to $\ensuremath{\sim}6\mathrm{kbar}$, in the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic states, with neutron powder diffraction. The compressibility of the Mn-O a…
Collagen was extracted from hake skins (Merluccius hubbsi) with a 0.5 M acetic acid solution in a ratio of skin weight (g) to volume of solution (ml) of 1 to 20. An 85% of the total extractable proteins was obtained after 200 min of extraction at 0-4°C. Non-col-lagenous proteins were not detected in the collagen solut…
The effect of oxygen deficiency on a phase transition from cubic to tetragonal phase has been investigated for the spinels with by measurements of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), magnetic susceptibility nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR) and electronic resistivity . According to the DSC measurements, the trans…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">A novel, electronically controlled, common rail fuel injection system has been designed and developed by the authors under a contract from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). This system was specifically designed for direct injection of liquid dimethyl ether (DME) to…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Engine and laboratory tests were carried out to examine the performance of NO<sub>x</sub> adsorption catalysts for gasoline lean burn engines in fresh and aged condition. The results show that fresh NO<sub>x</sub> adsorption catalysts have the potential to…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The reaction mechanism in a NOx-trap type catalyst for a partial lean burn engine is discussed using a thermodynamic calculation approach. The thermodynamic calculation and catalyst characterization suggest the following reaction mechanism;</div> <div class="htmlview para…
Third-order nonlinear optical properties of chalocogenide glasses were investigated through third-harmonic generation (THG), optical Kerr shutter (OKS), and degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) measurements. We examined the dependence of the THG susceptibility on the absorption edge, thereby showing that the susceptibil…
The effect of shear on a lyotropic lamellar phase is studied by the means of small-angle light scattering and direct microscopic observations. We found a complex behavior that can be described by a shear diagram. This diagram exhibits successively as a function of shear four different steady states. After a transition…
The fragment mass distributions of platelike objects are investigated by conducting two types of experiments. The first is a ``sandwich'' experiment in which thin glass and plaster plates are inserted between two larger stainless steel plates and an iron projectile is dropped onto the target plate at normal incidence.…
We present a microscopic analysis of the instability of the nematic phase to chirality when molecular chirality is introduced perturbatively. We show that for central-force interactions the previously neglected short--range biaxial correlations play a crucial role in determining the cholesteric pitch. We propose a pse…
X-ray diffraction studies on nanometer sized lead sulfide particles reveal the presence of a compressive strain. A number of samples with particle sizes ranging from 2 to 16 nm were synthesized using the three dimensional periodic, bicontinuous cubic phase as a matrix. Samples of the larger size particles could be ind…
We tried to design the magnet exhibiting magnetic pole (N and S) inversion by photostimuli. The magnetization of Fe1.5IICrIII(CN)6⋅7.5H2O was changed in a photon mode by visible light. A ferro-ferrimagnet (Fe0.40IIMn0.60II)1.5CrIII(CN)6⋅7.5H2O mixed by ferromagnetic (Fe–Cr system showing the change of magnetization by…
Using the recently proposed ``activation-relaxation technique,'' we develop a structural model for a-GaAs almost free of odd-membered rings, i.e., wrong bonds, having an almost perfect coordination of four. This model is found to be superior to structures from tight-binding or quantum molecular dynamics simulations. C…
Ab initio calculations predict that Be is a shallow acceptor in GaN. Its thermal ionization energy is 0.06 eV in wurtzite GaN; the level is valence resonant in the zincblende phase. Be incorporation is severely limited by the formation of Be_3N_2. We show however that co-incorporation with reactive species can enhance…
perovskites (R = rare earth) provide a remarkable opportunity to study the relationship between structural and physical properties since, by moving along the 4f rare earth series, the evolution of several transport and magnetic properties can be nicely correlated to the steric effects associated with the lanthanide co…
We have developed a novel cryostat in which glassy states of molecular substances are formed by deposition of their vapor on a cold substrate. The glassy samples are subjected to in situ inelastic neutron scattering experiments. By the use of this cryostat, the glassy state of propylene(CH2=CHCH3) prepared at 20 K was…
The process of microphase separation in diblock copolymer/homopolymer blends is studied both theoretically and experimentally for an asymmetric diblock copolymer and for homopolymer concentration less than 25%. The degree of polymerization of the added homopolymer (Nh) covered all possible cases; N≈Nh, N&gt;Nh, an…
The polymer segment distribution is shown to obey the Laplace equation for a suspension of small protein spheres and semidilute polymer. The depletion interaction is computed at all protein concentrations by introducing void distributions. Within a linear response Ansatz for the solution to the Laplace equation, the a…