Materials Literature
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The range of reported values of the Landau energy coefficients of bulk SrTiO3 leads to uncertainty in not only the magnitude but also the direction of the calculated spontaneous polarization in SrTiO3 thin films in a state of biaxial tension. In this study, we use experimental results from strained SrTiO3 films togeth…
Cu−Zn−Mn−Fe−Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with Cu/Zn/Mn/Fe/Al atomic ratios of 1/1/0/0/1, 1/1/1/0.3/0.7, and 1/0.7/0.3/0.3/0.7, respectively, in synthesis mixture were prepared by coprecipitation under controlled conditions of temperature and pH. The mixed oxides were obtained by decomposition of the precursors…
Nanoparticles formulated using poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) copolymer have emerged as promising carriers for targeted delivery of a wide variety of payloads. However, an important drawback with PLGA nanoparticles is the limited types of functional groups available on the surface for conjugation to targeting l…
There is a need to develop mid-infrared (IR) spectrometers for applications in which the absorbance of only a few vibrational mode (optical) frequencies needs to be recorded; unfortunately, there are limited alternatives for the same. The key requirement is the development of a means to discretely access a small set o…
For decades, ethanol has been in use as a fuel for the storage of solar energy in an energy-dense, liquid form. Over the past decade, the ability to reform ethanol into hydrogen gas suitable for a fuel cell has drawn interest as a way to increase the efficiency of both vehicles and stand-alone power generators. Here w…
Semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes (s-SWNTs) have proved to be promising material for nanophotonics and optoelectronics. Due to the possibility of tuning their direct band gap and controlling excitonic recombinations in the near-infrared wavelength range, s-SWNT can be used as efficient light emitters. We rep…
Trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), offers a promising strategy of anticancer drug targeting to HER2-expressing cancer cells. Conjugation of trastuzumab to dendrimers, repeatedly branched polymers with a highly functionalized surface, can enhance the dr…
Electronic structure and optical spectra of ZnX 2 O 4 (X=Al, Ga, and In) have been studied by density functional calculations. It is shown that ZnX 2 O 4 posses a large fundamental band gap and a second gap defined as the energy difference between the two lowest conduction band (CB) energies. The second gap is found t…
Silica fume is a byproduct of producing silicon metal and ferrosilicon alloys, and contains 94–97 wt% SiO 2 . This study demonstrates, for the first time, that silica fume can be converted to nano‐SiC powder at 1500°C via carbothermic reduction with the aid of high‐energy ball milling of the silica fume plus graphite…
The sources of the tensile strength and fracture of both continuous glass fibers and discontinuous wool fibers are explored in terms of structural anisotropy, enthalpy relaxation, defect orientation, and surface inhomogeneities. The fibers are spun from the E‐glass and the basaltic glass melts, respectively. It is rev…
We report the fabrication of single-crystalline La-doped EuO thin films with a Curie temperature (TC) of about 200 K, the highest among rare-earth compounds without transition metals. From first-principle band calculation and x-ray diffraction measurement, the observed increase in TC cannot be explained only by the in…
Abstract Electrospinning is the only known technique for fabrication of long non‐woven ultrafine‐fibers. However, a number of limitations, including low productivity and clogging of a spinneret, substantially paralyses industrial scale up of the process. Clogging is indeed an unavoidable phenomenon during electrospinn…
(1− x )Bi(Mg 1/2 Ti 1/2 )O 3 – x PbTiO 3 (BMT–PT) piezoelectric ceramics with a composition around the morphotropic phase boundary, exhibited a high Curie temperature ( T c ) of 430°C and good piezoelectric properties, d 33 ∼220 pC/N and k p ∼40%. The detailed temperature‐dependent piezoelectric properties of BMT–PT c…
Vibrational frequency calculations were made for a Ag(10)-pyridine vertex complex with density functional theory (DFT) for static simulated spectra and with time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) for preresonance and resonance simulated spectra using both B3LYP/LANL2DZ and BP86/TZP methodologies. In addition, 40 excited states o…
First-principles density functional theory plus U study on the formation enthalpy of BiFeO3 and the intrinsic vacancies was performed. The formation enthalpy of BiFeO3 from oxides is only −0.2 eV, indicating that BiFeO3 could easily decompose into Bi2O3 and Fe2O3 under thermal or electrical stresses. It is found that…
The thermal conductivities of Si1−xGex nanowires (NWs) synthesized with Ge concentrations of 0.0%, 0.4%, 4%, and 9% and different diameters were measured from 40 to 420 K. The thermal conductivity of Si1−xGex NWs decreases as the Ge concentration increases due to alloy scattering. As the diameter of the Si1−xGex NWs d…
We performed combined infrared reflection and ellipsometry measurements of the in-plane optical response of single crystals of the pnictide high-temperature superconductor ${\text{BaFe}}_{1.87}{\text{Co}}_{0.13}{\text{As}}_{2}$ with ${T}_{c}=24.5\text{ }\text{K}$. Our experimental data provide evidence for multiple su…
Impact dynamics of water droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces with different textures are known to vary dramatically, from total rebounding to complete sticking. Here we show that droplet rebounding on textured surfaces can be significantly influenced by the uniformity of the surface roughness. By engineering nonunif…
Titanium dioxide (titania) nanoparticle aggregation is an important factor in understanding cytotoxicity. However, the effect of the aggregate size of nanoparticles on cells is unclear. We prepared two sizes of titania aggregate particles and investigated their biological activity by analyzing biomarker expression bas…
We propose to implement a nonmetallic low-loss cloak for the infrared range from identical chalcogenide glass resonators. Based on transformation optics for cylindrical objects, our approach does not require metamaterial response to be homogeneous and accounts for the discrete nature of elementary responses governed b…