Materials Literature
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Nanoscience and nanotechnology have been embraced by developing countries with governmental support--a paradigm shift in science-based development strategies. In this Policy Forum, the authors describe the trends and urge alliances between North and South (without favoring the wealthy consumers) and with the least-dev…
Abstract This review focuses on models for rubber that have been used to solve practical problems, either analytically or through the use of finite element analysis (FEA). The emphasis is on the mathematical structure of fully three dimensional models and the scope of behavior that they describe. The mechanisms that a…
Epitaxial n-type ZnO films grown by a laser molecular-beam epitaxy method were investigated by the temperature-dependent Hall-effect technique. The 300 K carrier concentration and mobility were about n(s) similar to 10(16) cm(-3) and 440 cm(2)/V s, respectively. Transport characteristics are calculated by solving the…
Ta N x diffusion barriers with good barrier properties at subnanometer thickness were deposited by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) from pentakis(dimethylamino)Ta. Hydrogen and/or nitrogen plasma was used as reactants to produce TaNx thin films with a different nitrogen content. The film properties inc…
A series of amine bis(phenolato)lanthanide methyl and amido complexes were synthesized by general salt metathesis reaction in this paper. The reaction of anhydrous lanthanide trichlorides with 1 equiv of sodium amine bis(phenolate) LNa 2 [L = Me 2 NCH 2 CH 2 N{CH 2 -(2-O-C 6 H 2 -Bu t 2 -3,5)} 2 ] in THF at room tempe…
Nanosize pore arrays, which have been prepared by the self-organization process of aluminium anodic oxidation, were investigated quantitatively using fast Fourier transformation analysis of scanning electron microscopy micrographs. The results show that the temperature influences the pore domain size and the best self…
The electronic structure of three-dimensional nanostructures (aerogels) is studied by soft x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. High-resolution O -edge and Sn - and -edge XANES spectra of monolithic nanocrystalline rutile aerogels with different surface areas (i.e., different surface-to-volume at…
High-permittivity dielectric core/shell structured NiO-based ceramics (LSNO) have been successfully prepared. All the LSNO ceramic samples sintered exhibit high dielectric properties, and the dielectric constant reaches about $1.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{4}$ for the LSNO-1 sample. The concentration of S…
The issue of the sustainability of energy supply has attracted worldwide concern given the rapid depletion of fossil energy sources amid increasingly worsening environmental pollution and the drive to develop alternative, environment-friendly, renewable energy sources and energy carriers to secure our energy supply an…
The transverse piezoelectric coefficient d31⋆ has been calculated for the six domain-engineered structures occurring in perovskite single crystals, using data for rhombohedral PMN-33PT [0.67Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3-0.33PbTiO3], orthorhombic potassium niobate (KNbO3), tetragonal barium titanate (BaTiO3), and tetragonal lead ti…
A donor-acceptor dyad system involving tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) as donor attached by a flexible spacer to perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI) as acceptor was synthesized and characterized. The strategy used the preliminary synthesis of an unsymmetrical PDI unit bearing an alcohol functionality as anchor group.…
Experimental studies of actinide oxides are challenging, and conventional electronic structure calculations fail to qualitatively reproduce the scarce data. We employ a new generation of hybrid density functionals to model a defective plutonium dioxide lattice. The procedure is first tested against stoichiometric bulk…
The galvanic corrosion of magnesium alloy AZ91D coupled to a steel fastener was studied using a boundary element method (BEM) model and experimental measurements. The BEM model used the measured polarization curves as boundary conditions. The experimental program involved measuring the total corrosion rate as a functi…
We present a physically-based method to enforce contact angles at the intersection of fluid free surfaces and solid objects, allowing us to simulate a variety of small-scale fluid phenomena including water drops on surfaces. The heart of this technique is a virtual surface method, which modifies the level set distance…
Abstract The catalytic reforming of hydrocarbons in a microreformer is an attractive approach to supply hydrogen to fuel cells while avoiding storage and safety issues. High‐surface‐area catalyst supports must be stable above 800 °C to avoid catalyst coking; however, many porous materials lose their high surface areas…
Abstract A series of ionic stilbazolium salts with benzenesulfonates with different substituents in the para position have been synthesized. Single crystals of 4‐ N , N ‐dimethylamino‐4′‐ N ′‐methylstilbazolium p ‐methoxybenzenesulfonate (DSMOS) were successfully grown in methanol solution by slow cooling. X‐ray studi…
Much research in tissue engineering focuses on the synthesis of complex three-dimensional polymer scaffolds containing functional biomolecules to which cells are introduced. Typical scaffolds for skin tissue engineering are macroscopically porous with struts or fibers approximately 10 microm thick at a packing fractio…
This review summarizes the findings of recent applications of time-domain far-field photothermal (PT) technique to the detection and imaging of nanoscale absorbing particles. This two-beam (pump-probe) technique is based on time-resolved PT visualization of laser-induced thermal effects around nanoparticles. Imaging i…
Phase diagrams of multi‐wall carbon nanotube (MWNT)/nematic liquid crystal (E7) and buckminsterfullerene (C60‐I h)/nematic liquid crystal (E7) binary systems have been investigated by means of polarizing optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that the isotropic–nematic phase transition…
Many experiments on the mechanics of nanostructures require the creation of rigid clamps at specific locations. In this work, electron-beam-induced deposition (EBID) has been used to deposit carbon films that are similar to those that have recently been used for clamping nanostructures. The film deposition rate was ac…