Materials Literature
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Economic pressures on the refining industry are forcing many refiners to look at low price, high value crudes to improve margins. Some of these crudes are discounted because of perceived fouling or corrosion problems. A new strategy has been developed that allows refiners to choose crudes based on an estimate of their…
Adapting physico-chemical characterization techniques for in situ studies of real heterogeneous catalysts during conditioning, reaction, and deactivation processes is a research topic of growing importance. Up to now, in most studies only one single in situ technique is applied. However, new trends are focused on usin…
We present a systematic method for designing a perfect antireflection coating (ARC) for a semi-infinite one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal (PC) with an arbitrary unit cell. We use Bloch wave expansion and time reversal symmetry, which leads exactly to analytic formulas of structural parameters for the ARC and renor…
Lattice vibrations of the wurtzite-type AlN have been studied by Raman spectroscopy under high pressure up to the structural phase transition at 20 GPa. We have shown that the widely debated bond-bending E_2^1 mode of w-AlN has an abnormal positive pressure shift up to the threshold of the phase transition, whereas in…
In this paper we construct such a set of `degenerate' Hamiltonians $\hat{H}$, which differ by an `intrinsic' constant but represent different physical systems yet possess the same ground state density. . Thus, although the proof of Hohenberg-Kohn (HK) theorem is independent of whether the constant $C$ is additive or i…
The effect of latex maturation on the physicochemica1 properties of radiation vulcanized natural rubber latex films was studied. The properties were compared to those of the nonirradiated natural rubber latex films at the same condition. For this purpose, field and concentrated latices were used. Tensile strength, mod…
The dehydration kinetics of dl- and l-aspartic acid, either in the absence or presence of phosphoric acid, from 323 to 573K were studied with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the polymerization of dl-aspartic acid was studied by a thin-layer polymerization method. The results revealed that the dehydration of both…
Two polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (PC/ABS) binary systems of different blend ratios were prepared in a twin screw extruder. The two ABS (PA-747 and PA-757) differed from each other largely by their flowability (as reflected by their different melt flow rates). Results of the selected mechanical propert…
The chemical and morphological surface properties of different unbleached and oxygen delignified softwood kraft pulp fibers were evaluated by using different ESCA and SEM techniques. The results of the different techniques have revealed that the surface of unbleached and oxygen delignified kraft pulp fibers has a high…
Spherical micelles of block copolymers may arrange into macrolattices in the bulk, in the blends with homopolymers, and in the solutions with low molecular weight solvents. In this study, we present the first experimental observation on the face-centered cubic (fcc) lattice of spherical micelles in diblock copolymer/h…
While high-throughput methods of protein production and crystallization are beginning to be well documented, owing to the output of large structural genomics programs, medium-throughput methods at the laboratory scale lag behind. In this paper, we report a possible way for an academic laboratory to adapt high-throughp…
The liquid crystal state or the mesophase of a substance occurs on the phase diagram between the crystal and the liquid phase. The liquid crystal state is also known as the mesomorphic state, and i...
Owing to the great versatility offered by polyurethanes regarding the ease of synthesis and variable properties of the final product obtained (elastomeric or rigid polymer), polyurethanes become a basic component used in IPN formation. Numerous studies were conducted on IPNs based on polyurethanes and various vinyl mo…
Self-assembly of the building block [Cu(oxbe)](-) with Mn(II) led to a novel coordination polymer ([Cu(oxbe)]Mn(H(2)O)[Cu(oxbe)(DMF)])n).nDMF.nH(2)O, where H(3)oxbe is a new dissymmetrical ligand N-benzoato-N'-(2-aminoethyl)oxamido and DMF = dimethylformamide. The crystal forms in the triclinic system, space group Pon…
Barium titanate fine particles were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. The synthesis was preformed at a temperature between 75 and 180 °C and for 10 min to 96 h. The reactions were carried out in a strong alkaline solution. Ba(OH) 2 ·8H 2 O was used as the Ba-precursor material. Various Ti precursors were used to inv…
A series of azobenzene-cored polyphenylene dendrimers have been synthesized. The photoresponsive properties of these dendrimers have been investigated by optical spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). These polyphenylene dendrimers exhibit a photoresponsive behavior upon UV and visible irradiation, resu…
The amine-containing polysaccharide chitosan was selectively deposited onto patterned gold surfaces in response to an applied voltage. Standard microfabrication techniques were used to pattern gold onto silicon wafers, and these gold patterns served as templates for the electric field directed deposition of chitosan.…
Spherulites and spherulitic growth are characteristic of melt-crystallized polymers and exert a profound influence on their mechanical and other properties. They and their formation have, neverthel...
It is shown that both structural phase transitions in Cd2Re2O7, which occur at T_{s1}=200 K and T_{s2}=120 K, are due to an instability of the Re tetrahedral network with respect to the same doubly degenerate long-wavelength phonon mode. The primary structural order parameter transforms according to the irreducible re…
Two polymeric malonato-bridged manganese(II) complexes of formula [Mn(mal)(H(2)O)(2)](n)() (1) and [Mn(2)(mal)(2)(4,4'-bipy)(H(2)O)(2)](n)() (2) have been synthesized and characterized (mal = malonate dianion; 4,4'-bipy = 4,4'-bipyridine). The crystal structure of complex 1 was already known. Complex 2 crystallizes in…