Materials Literature
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Mullite (3Al 2 O 3 ·2SiO 2 ) is becoming increasingly important in electronic, optical, and high‐temperature structural applications. This paper reviews the current state of mullite‐related research at a fundamental level, within the framework of phase equilibria, crystal structure, synthesis, processing, and properti…
The Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) and the Havriliak-Negami (HN) relaxation functions have been widely used to describe the relaxation behavior of glass-forming liquids and complex systems. While the HN relaxation function is a frequency function, the natural domain of the KWW relaxation function is time (although it…
Collagen molecules are structural macro-molecules of the extracellular matrix that include in their structure one or several domains that have a characteristic triple helical conformation. They have been classified by types that define distinct sets of polypeptide chains that can form homo- and heterotrimeric assembli…
Magnetic materials research has entered a new and exciting period with the advent of the ternary rare-earth-iron-boron compounds, ${\mathrm{R}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Fe}}_{14}$B. From the fundamental physics perspective the ${\mathrm{R}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Fe}}_{14}$B series and its isostructural relatives comprise a rich, fascina…
The formation and conversions of gem-polyols have been examined together with their chemical and physical properties. The bibliography includes 123 references.
The oxide desorption processes of InP have been investigated under molecular-beam epitaxy conditions, determining thickness and composition of the surface layer by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and surface reconstructions by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). Under P2 stabilization the oxide desor…
A synergistic high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) and theoretical analysis of the structure of a grain boundary in copper containing bismuth is presented. The calculation of the structure of the boundary were carried out using N-body empirical potentials constructed using results of ab initio full-potential lin…
Using a variational argument, we show that a two-dimensional (2D) crystal becomes defective in the presence of a random potential. The threshold pinning force and flow properties of a plastically deformed crystal are studied using a perturbation theory valid for weak pinning potential and strong driving force. In the…
Processes are examined which involve the growth of film layers with dielectric properties on the surfaces of semiconductors during thermo-oxidation in the presence of impurity compounds specially introduced into the system. It is shown in relation to the thermo-oxidation of silicon and gallium arsenide that impurities…
The composition dependence and room-temperature metastability of the paramagnetic nitrogen dangling-bond center is amorphous silicon nitride suggest that its energy level lies close to the N pπ states, in agreement with theoretical calculations.
The authors develop a new efficient method for calculating the shape-truncation functions of arbitrary Voronoi polyhedra by combining analytical and numerical techniques. Applications are presented for cells of cubic symmetry as well as for hexagonal close-packed (HCP) atomic polyhedra with different values of the c/a…
The growth by pulsed-laser deposition of c-axis-oriented bismuth titanate (BTO)/YBa2Cu3O7(YBCO) superconductor heterostructures on [001]-oriented Si with epitaxial yttria-stabilized ZrO2 as a buffer layer is reported. X-ray-diffraction studies of the heterostructures show that all the layers grow in the c-axis orienta…
Reasons why chelates of rare earths (RE) do not obey the tetrad 'doublet' effect are discussed. The examination is based on the concept of an ionic metal–ligand bond in RE complexes. The mutual influence of ligands in lower, higher, polynuclear and mixed complexes formed by ligands of low, medium and high denticity is…
Abstract Brachiopods contain both proteins and lipids within the biocrystals of their shell. One intracrystalline chromoprotein causes red shell coloration, whereas the other molecules may be involved with biomineralization, may strengthen the biocrystal, or may simply have been inadvertently engulfed by calcite durin…
Steady states of driven lattice gases with open boundaries are investigated. Particles are fed into the system at one edge, travel under the action of an external field, and leave the system at the opposite edge. Two types of phase transitions involving nonanalytic changes in the density profiles and the particle numb…
The thermochemical reactivity of alkaline earth metal and transition-metal carbonates is discussed. Emphasis is given to the dependence of degradation mechanisms and the concomitant formation of solid and volatile products on temperature range, gas atmosphere, and type of energy impact. The experimental findings compr…
Introduction, Historical Highlights, and the Need for Dissolution Testing Theories of Dissolution Dissolution Testing Devices Automation in Dissolution Testing, by William A. Hanson and Albertha M. Paul Factors That Influence Dissolution Testing Interpretation of Dissolution Rate Data Techniques and of In Vivo Dissolu…
Electronic properties of the generalized Fibonacci lattices are studied using the dynamical system technique, for which the off-diagonal tight-binding model is employed. The matrix and trace maps are obtained and investigated in a unified way. It is found that the energy spectra are Cantor-like and the wavefunctions a…
Retraces of phase-matching (PM) angles and noncritical phase-matching temperatures for both type I and type II second harmonic generation in LiB3O5(LBO) are first demonstrated. By fitting to the measured PM angles at room temperature, new Sellmeier’s equations of LBO are obtained. Further analyzing the spectral and an…
We have investigated the effect of substrate topography on nucleation behavior by producing a variety of substrate features on molybdenum and silicon substrates. The initial stages of nucleation on these substrates were studied by exposing them to similar conditions in a hot filament chemical vapor deposition reactor.…