Materials Literature
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The objective of this effort, under NASA’s Project Prometheus, the Nuclear Systems Program, is to develop a high efficiency thermoelectric (T/E) energy conversion device to power radioisotope power systems (RPS) for future NASA space science applications. The conversion efficiency goal is 10% or higher at a power outp…
Chemical and physical methods are used to deposit ruthenium films on dielectric and tantalum substrates with the goal of realizing ultrathin (3–5 nm), continuous films that can be used as copper diffusion barriers in dual damascene metallization processing. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is employed at temperatures r…
Abstract. Well-aligned ZnO nanowires were synthesized by thermal evaporation method using c-oriented ZnO thin films as substrate without any catalysts or additives. The synthesized nanowires have two typical average diameters: 60 nm in majority and 120 nm in minority. The ZnO nanowires are about 4 mm in length and wel…
Photoelectrochromic windows are a combination of a dye solar cell and an electrochromic material, usually WO3. They change their transmittance on illumination. We prepared a particularly advantageous configuration, which can be coloured and bleached under illumination, and bleached in the dark,. In this paper we discu…
The performance of a standard, production valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) cell has been improved by paralleling with combinations of supercapacitors. The supercapacitors act to lower the source impedance of the combination providing a much-enhanced performance. Transient voltage swings are suppressed and the rms volt…
Influence of H 2 S fuel impurity on power generation characteristics of SOFCs has been analyzed by measuring cell voltage at a given current density, as a function of operational temperature, H 2 S concentration, and fuel gas composition. Reversible cell voltage drop was observed around 1000°C, but fatal irreversible…
For helium cooled pebble bed blankets, the description of the thermal-mechanical interaction between pebble beds and structural material requires the knowledge of the pebble bed thermal conductivity k as a function of temperature T and deformation state (pebble bed strain e). In the frame of the EFDA Technology Work P…
Boron Nitride is a kind of crystal formed by atoms of nitride and boron at a portioning of 43.6% boron and 56.4% nitride.It has 4 variant from: hBN,rBN,cBN and wBN.The paper summarizes cBN's crystal strucure,its physical,optical,electrical,thermal,chemical characters as well as the relationship between cBN's impuritie…
Two approaches are usually used in the studies of dynamic constitutive relation of materials. One is to determine the constitutive relation from the wave propagating signals (the so-called second class of inverse problems). The another is to de-couple the stress wave effects of structures and the strain-rate effects o…
The silicone resin is synthesized using hydrolysis-polycondensation method from phenyl and methyl chlorosilane, and the factors influencing this synthesis are investigated. The results indicate that silicone resin can be synthesized when the hydrolysis temperature is 70℃ and n(H2O)/n(Cl) is between 5: 1 and 8: 1. And…
Usual rubber products are a composite from rubber and nano-filler (e.g. carbon black, silica, etc.), and it is believed that the good dispersion of the nano-filler is the most important issue determining the performance of rubber vulcanizates. So far, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been the most useful too…
Poly(amic acid) grafted silica nanoparticles (PAA-SNs) were successfully prepared by the grafting polymerization of poly(amic acid)s based from the in-situ condensation polymerization of pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and three diamines (4,4'diaminocliphenyl ether (DDE), 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM) and. 4,4'-d…
Conductivity of thin films increased with decreasing film thickness to nanosize or several micrometers. In particular, the evaluation of the conductivity for the films with nanosize thickness at low temperatures was significant. The conductivity of the film was independent of the oxygen partial pressure from and the t…
The growth behavior and step coverage of TiO 2 thin films deposited by liquid-delivery metallorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) at temperatures ranging from 410 to 490°C were investigated. The film growth rates were controlled by the gas phase thermal decomposition reaction of the precursors, and the reaction s…
Microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) for solar cell applications is investigated with respect to the material stability upon treatment of the material in various environments, followed by annealing. The material can be separated into two groups: (i) material with high crystalline volume fractions and pronounced porosity…
The structural evolution and the effects of calcium doping on LaCoO3 powders as a function of thermal annealing were investigated by means of X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy from both Co and La K-edges. The samples, synthesized by a sol–gel process starting from methanolic solutions of cobalt(II) and calc…
Modified Small Punch (MSP) test techniques have been used to evaluate the strength of Mo/PSZ (partially stabilized zirconia) composites from room temperature to 1573 K. The dependence of deformation, strength and fracture behavior of the composites on temperature, composition and microstructure is discussed in detail.…
Using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) via ANSYS Workbench simulation software, complicated coupled-field analyses of thermoelectric devices can be performed. This is effective in examining the thermo-mechanical stresses introduced in these devices through their operation. Due to the large temperature gradients inherent…
A kinetic analysis of the reaction between peracetic acid (AcOOH), and tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) - 21H, 23H-porphine iron(III) chloride Fe(F20TPP)Cl, in acetonitrile showed that the peracetic acid oxidatively destroys Fe(F20TPP)Cl. This is in contrast to an assumption that the oxidative degradation of metalloporphy…
Boron-doped diamond samples were exposed successively to singlet oxygen and pyrene-alkylcarboxylic acid molecules. The resulting samples were studied by photoelectrochemistry. It is shown that the expected esterification reaction indeed allowed the grafting of pyrene groups onto the diamond surface. Cathodic photocurr…