Materials Literature
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Chemithermomechanical pulps (CTMP) were produced from Eastern black spruce chips in a two-stage pilot plant using different conditions of chemical pretreatment and refining intensity. The conventional CTMP was produced by impregnating chips with sulfite liquor at a pH of approximately 10 and the conducting the first-s…
The fact that business is good in aluminum welding is a sure sign that more manufacturers and fabricators are using GMA and GTA welding to build new products out of this lightweight nonferrous metal. Among the most widely specified weldable grades are Alloys 6061, 5083, 5052 and 5454. A rundown on these four alloys, i…
Abstract The pyrolysis of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has been described in terms of a relatively simple kinetic model, based on a large number of laboratory tests. The model predictions are in a good agreement with experimental data, regarding hydrochloric acid and non‐condensable combustible gases. Therefore, the propo…
Consolidation of highly degraded silk artifacts is difficult because there is no entirely satisfactory treatment. One option recently introduced to the field of conservation is parylene-C, a polymer whose unique gas-phase deposition method allows extremely thin (below lμm), highly conformal coatings to be applied. The…
Abstract The reconstructive high-temperature transformation of NaAlSiO 4 nepheline to carnegieite, stuffed derivatives of the SiO 2 phases tridymite and cristobalite, has been studied by light microscopy and X-ray precession photographs. X-ray precession patterns of single crystals heattreated between 1543 K and 1593…
The initiation and propagation of hydrogen cracks in a pure iron single crystal have been investigated via notched tensile tests with simultaneous cathodic charging of hydrogen. The notch opening displacement for hydrogen crack growth when the tensile direction was parallel to [001] was much smaller than for [110] ten…
In situ observations by the synchrotron white beam X-ray topographic method are carried out during the directional solidification of thin samples (0.2-0.3 mm) of a Al-0.73 wt% Cu alloy. Stresses associated to morphological instability and pattern formation are analysed. Due to compressions and dilatations induced by t…
Abstract A method is developed for the calculation of the saturation temperature of a KCI‐NaCI aqueous solution, based on the measurement of the density and temperature of a sample solution, and prior knowledge of the NaCl concentration. Experimental density and solubility data for solutions saturated with KCI in the…
A new method to measure the elastic anisotropy of liquid crystals is presented. The method is based on the determination of the transverse spatial decay of the molecular director profile across the shadow region of a truncated laser beam intense enough to reorient the sample. The effective optical Kerr constant due to…
Sheets made from untreated and treated wood and bagasse pulps were subjected to thermal degradation in static air and monitored by the differential thermal analysis (DTA) technique. Percent of resin (resol or novolac) added to the pulps was chosen on the basis that maximum breaking length was achieved. The DTA profile…
Abstract It is shown, that the portion of a shaped charge jet that emerges from explosive reactive armor is longer or at least less disturbed if the jet tip velocity can be raised. Generally, the residual jet length largely depends on the ratio of the reaction time of the armor and the standoff of the shaped charge fr…
The semiconductor properties of passive films on different stainless steels were investigated by photoelectrochemical methods. Photocurrent‐potential measurements together with data for the susceptibility of the materials to localized corrosion revealed that above a critical potential value photocurrents as well as th…
In situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to examine the surface morphology of anodized p‐Si(100) electrodes in F − ‐containing solutions. In addition to the formation of a mainly pitted and rough surface, in situ STM observation of anisotropic etching of Si(100) i…
A series of eight addition polymides (aspartimides) was prepared in which the imide and amino groups were attached to the ends of aromatic residues containing two or four phenylene rings. The co-monomers (bis-maleimides. BMIs, and diamines) were purified using column chromatography before being fully characterized by…
Deformed structures of cold rolled 70–30 brass have been studied using both textural and microstructural techniques to establish the twinning tendencies of different orientations. Extensive studies using transmission electron microscopy showed that there are significant volumes of material with near {110}〈112〉 brass (…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and structure of a new layered pnictide oxide containing close Mn-Mn interactions: barium manganese arsenide oxide (Ba2Mn2As2O)Stephanie L. Brock, Hakon Hope, and Susan M. KauzlarichCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 3, 405–406Publication Date (Print):February 1, 19…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemically Designed, UV Curable Polycarbosilane Polymer for the Production of Silicon CarbideKevin J. Thorne, Stephen E. Johnson, Haixing Zheng, John D. Mackenzie, and M. F. HawthorneCite this: Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 2, 110–115Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publicat…
The temperature-density phase diagram of a model binary mixture in two dimensions is investigated using a semi-grand-canonical Monte Carlo simulation scheme which allows for exchange between the two species while keeping the total number of atoms fixed. The gas-liquid and the gas-solid regions of the phase diagram are…
Quantities that depend on the collective effects of groups of particles cannot be obtained from the standard Boltzmann transport equation. Monte Carlo estimates of these quantities are called non-Boltzmann tallies and have become increasingly important recently. Standard Monte Carlo variance reduction techniques were…
Measurements of the IR spectra of native cotton linters and hydroxyethyl cellulose samples of different ethoxyl contents indicated that weaker-bonded OH groups are present in hydroxyethylated cellulose of ethoxyl contents of 23.34—28.89%. Also, the crystallinity indices, mean hydrogen bond strengths, and asymmetry ind…