Materials Literature
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Both NMOS and PMOS light-emitting diodes and photodetectors are demonstrated. For the ultrathin gate oxide, the tunneling gate of metal oxide silicon (MOS) diodes can be utilized as both emitters for light emitting devices and collectors for light detectors. An electron-hole plasma model is used to fit the emission sp…
New kinds of yttrium-doped antimonic acid compounds with the compositional formula of H 1 - 3 x Y x SbO 3 · n H 2 O (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.22, n = 0.5) were successfully synthesized by solution processing using the reaction of an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution with antimony and yttrium alkoxides, i.e., Sb(O- iso -C 3 H 7 ) 3…
This paper provides a review of the applications of thermoelectric devices to cooling electronics and prospects for the future. The need to accommodate increased module heat flux and reduce chip operating temperatures is discussed, along with the cooling technology developed within IBM to do this. A brief background d…
This communication presents a determination of the glass transition of polybutadiene under very high pressure, and raises the problem of the determination of the relative effects of temperature and density on the glass transition, depending on the pressure and temperature conditions. Local structure and slow dynamics…
A new misfit layer compound (EuS) 1.173 NbS 2 was synthesized, and its structure was solved in a (3+1) D superspace using the superspace group Xm 2 m( α 00 ) with X referring to a pseudo F centering. The cell parameters are a s = 3.3251(9) Å, b s = 5.7432(9) Å, and c s = 22.939(5) Å ( V s = 438.1(3) Å 3 ) with a modul…
It is well known that repetitive voltage surges from modern inverter fed drives (IFD) may age the insulation of motor stator windings, even on motors rated 440 V, leading to premature failure. Insulation aging seems to be correlated to the partial discharge (PD) activity of surges with very fast risetimes and high mag…
We present models for the thermal conductivity and the specific heat applicable to all relevant diamond and zinc-blende structure semiconductors. They are expressed is functions of the lattice temperature and in the case of semiconductor alloys of the material composition.
Abstract Poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels were coated with thin polymer films based on layer-by-layer assembly of dextran sulfate and chitosan. Fabrication of thin multilayer films on the hydrogels was verified in several methods. Anti- versus pro-coagulation of human whole blood was observed on the hydrogels with the ou…
Abstract A Pd nanocluster immobilized on a TiO2 surface acted as an efficient catalyst for the liquid-phase Wacker oxidation of higher terminal olefins in the presence of water and CuCl2 under an O2 atmosphere.
Polymeric hollow nanospheres with stabilized structure have been realized by self-assembly of crosslinkable rigid poly(amic acid) ester (PAE) oligomer and coil-like poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVPy) via hydrogen bonding in their common solvent and subsequent photo-crosslinking of the PAE.
A Rotman type lens using a hyperbolic focal arc has been proposed. The proposed lens has been analysed using the contour integral technique. The results obtained for the proposed lens have been compared with the result obtained for the Rotman lens. It has been found that by using the hyperbolic focal arc, a wide area…
Partial discharge represents a physical phenomenon, in which discharges are involved in electrically weak regions of solid insulation materials (most often gaseous or liquid inclusions). They cause damage of the insulation and often start from the voids enclosed in it and/or at interface defects. The time, during whic…
In spite of periodic off-line electrical tests and on-line gas-in-oil analysis, three HVDC converter transformers have failed within a 12-month period. The possible causes of failure are reviewed together with changes in maintenance, monitoring and system operation that might prolong the life of similar transformers.
We have shown that, in determining the biomolecule-crystal symmetry, the occupation of low-site-symmetry Wyckoff positions is crucial, which contrasts with the overwhelming majority of nonmolecular, inorganic crystals where atoms mainly reside in high-symmetry Wyckoff positions. We consider the general relation betwee…
Abstract Homogeneous and uniform-sized silver nanoparticles were obtained by reduction of insoluble silver halides. As the stabilizing reagent, a small cationic thiol, thiocholine bromide, was used. Even from large crystals of silver halides, nanosized particles were obtained. Under the optimum conditions, highly mono…
In this paper, a method is proposed for calculating the elastic constants of arbitrarily soft or stiff systems using strain fluctuations. For stiff materials, for example, strain fluctuations may be enhanced by appropriate choice of elastic constants for the bath. Example calculations of the isothermal elastic constan…
The experimental data relating to the second- and third-order elasticity and the zone-center optic modes of hexagonal graphite are reviewed and some amendments proposed. A modified Keating model involving three sets of interactions, one planar and two interlayer, has been developed. The harmonic parameters, four plana…
To achieve high thermal-to-electric energy conversion efficiency, it is desirable to operate thermoelectric generator devices over large temperature gradients and also to maximize the performance of the thermoelectric materials used to build the devices. However, no single thermoelectric material is suitable for use o…
In conventional semiconductors, increasing the doping will reduce the Seebeck coefficient, and there is an optimum doping concentration for thermoelectric cooling or power generation applications. An overview of the experimental results for the power factor (electrical conductivity times the square of Seebeck coeffici…
Trp-999 is a key residue for the action of beta-galactosidases (Escherichia coli). Several site specific substitutions (Phe, Gly, Tyr, Leu) for Trp-999 were made. Each substitution caused greatly decreased affinities for substrates and inhibitors that bind in the "shallow" mode, while the affinities of inhibitors that…