Materials Literature
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Melting of pure gallium in a bidimensional rectangular cavity with aspect ratio 1.4 is presented. The paper is focused on pattern formation in the fluid phase during the process of melting. The formation of a multiple cells structure has been found during the first stage of the transient, while a merging of the small…
The ability of triple-helical collagen molecules to assemble into supramolecular structures forms the basis of commercial uses of collagen in the food industry and in medical applications such as cosmetic surgery and tissue repair. We have used cDNA techniques to engineer novel collagens with potentially enhanced biol…
The behavior of nematic liquid crystals in spatially varying electrical fields is investigated. Director profiles of nematic-liquid-crystal phase gratings are simulated for different orientations of the liquid-crystal director field with respect to the electrode grating. With increasing spatial frequency of the gratin…
The atomic interactions and anharmonicity of atomic displacements in the virtual ferroelectric KTaO3, potassium tantalate, have been studied using accurate single-crystal X-ray diffraction at room temperature. The multipole analysis of electron density and Gram-Charlier series description of anharmonic atomic displace…
The effect of different rates of potassium (K) fertilizer on the yield and quality of sugar beet was studied in a series of 26 trials on soils of different type and K index between 1992 and 1997. There were few yield responses even though the majority of trials were on soils of low K index, and large quantities of fer…
Food-grade polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film containing 28.3% di-(2-ethylhexylexyl)adipate (DEHA) plasticizer was used to wrap three different types of cheese (Kefalotyri, Edam, and Feta). Samples were split into two groups and stored at 5+/-0.5 degrees C. One group was analyzed for DEHA content at intervals between 1 and…
Cell dynamics simulations are a powerful tool to simulate kinetic processes in phase separating systems. Here we review the technique and its application to block copolymers. Its advantages and disadvantages compared to other simulation methods for block copolymer structure and dynamics are reviewed. Results on the dy…
An overview about the homogeneous and heterogeneous methods of synthesizing silylating agents and applications of the organofunctionalized silica-gel samples was explored. The pendant molecules attached covalently to the inorganic surface displayed important properties to act as sequestrating agents for metals in aque…
Using 2-hydroxyethyl α-bromoisobutyrate as initiator, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of tert-butyl acrylate leads to poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (PtBA) with a hydroxyl group at one and a bromine atom at the other end. Esterification of the hydroxyl group of these heterotelechelic polymers with acryloyl chlo…
Dislocations have been introduced in SrTiO3 by Vickers indentation at room temperature and analysed by transmission electron microscopy. The slip systems in SrTiO3 were identified as ⟨110⟩-{110}. ⟨110⟩ dislocations are dissociated into two partial dislocations. The stacking-fault energy γSF was determined to be 136 ±…
We demonstrate the enhancement of diamond nucleation through the use of the equilibrium forces at the solid-liquid-gas interface on a substrate wetted with droplets of an oil of low vapor pressure. Such a process is shown to produce well-faceted grains with densities of roughly 107 nuclei cm−2 (boundary), 105 nuclei c…
Enzymatic degradation and polymerization using an enzyme were analyzed with respect to the establishment of a sustainable chemical recycling system for poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) which is a typical biodegradable synthetic plastic. As the typical example, the enzymatic degradation of PCL having an Mn of 110 000 using l…
The use of normal Raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of cationic-coated, silver substrates to detect nitrate and sulfate ions in aqueous environments is examined. For normal Raman spectroscopy using near-infrared excitation, a linear concentration response was observed with detection lim…
Optically active 1,1′-binaphthyl molecules have been used to construct novel chiral dendrimers and linear polymers. Efficient light harvesting effects of the dendrimers have been observed. They have shown enantioselective fluorescence responses in the presence of chiral amino alcohol quenchers. They are potentially us…
Deoxythymidine diphosphate (dTDP)-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-hexulose 3, 5-epimerase (RmlC) is involved in the biosynthesis of dTDP-l-rhamnose, which is an essential component of the bacterial cell wall. The crystal structure of RmlC from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum was determined in the presence and absence of dTDP, a…
A stable icosahedral phase has been found in a series of Cd 65 Mg 20 RE 15 (RE=Y, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) alloys. These icosahedral alloys have quasilattice parameters from 0.5571 to 0.5799 nm. Electron diffraction study confirmed that the icosahedral quasicrystals have a primitive icosahedral structur…
Using classical molecular dynamics simulation and the empirical bond-order Tersoff–Brenner potential for the carbon–carbon interaction the phonon density of states of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) of various chiralities has been studied as a function of temperature and nanotube diameter. The calculated frequenci…
The origin and evolution of multicellular metazoa was accompanied by the appearance of extracellular matrix. The demineralized extracellular matrix of bone is enriched in morphogenetic proteins that induce bone. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are intimately bound to collagens. BMP-4 has high affinity for type-IV c…
Three types of covalently crosslinked assemblies consisting of multiple (1) molecular layers of human serum albumin (HSA); (2) alternating layers of HSA and unfractionated heparin; and (3) alternating layers of HSA and partly depolymerized heparin fixed with one end to HSA were prepared on various surfaces. Adsorption…
Piezoelectric ceramics are potential high-power electroacoustic sources, and have been studied for many years. However, when these devices are driven under high-level vibration, the electromechanical characteristics depart significantly from the conventional linear piezoelectric relationships due to the loss and nonli…