Materials Literature
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The urea-induced equilibrium unfolding transition of dihydrofolate reductase from Escherichia coli was monitored by UV difference, circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence spectroscopy. Each of these data sets were well described by a two-state unfolding model involving only native and unfolded forms. The free energy…
Micromolar solutions of tryptophan synthase beta 2 dimer dissociate into monomers in the pressure range of 800-1600 bars as shown by studies of the spectral shift of the intrinsic fluorescence and of the fluorescence polarization of dansyl conjugates. At 25 degrees C the standard change in volume on dissociation (dV0)…
We report new x-ray scattering data on AlMn alloys. None of our samples are perfect quasicrystals; all have finite-width x-ray peaks. Specific preparation techniques lead to samples with peak widths which correlate strongly with ${G}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ (phason momentum). We show that the data are consistent with ei…
We describe a process for the formation of silicon-on-insulator structures by selective anodization of a buried p-type layer to form porous silicon which is then oxidized. A buried n-type layer ensures that the flow of the anodizing current, and hence the formation of the porous silicon layer, is directed laterally ra…
We present Monte Carlo simulations on systems of parallel spherocylinders with length-to-width ratios $\frac{L}{D}$ between 0.25 and 5. We have determined the solid-liquid coexistence points in these systems by computing the absolute free energy of the solid and fluid phases. In addition we find that for $\frac{L}{D}&…
In this paper, we discuss how quenched strains in phonon and phason variables and/or quenched dislocations can lead to peak broadening and distortion in quasicrystal diffraction patterns. We argue that high-resolution electron micrographs and observations of distortions in electron diffraction patterns indicate the pr…
The thermal expansion of the lattice constant of a GaP crystal was measured in the range 4.2-300K using the Bond method. The authors found a negative thermal expansion coefficient for GaP at low temperatures. They also calculated the Gruneisen parameter and this was negative below 50K. These experimental results do no…
A model for the 'discommensurate' structure of NbTe 4 is proposed based on the analysis of electron diffraction patterns. It is found that above the lock-in temperature, which is around 50K, the structure can be described either as deformation-modulated or as interface-modulated. Both approaches lead to the same model…
A microscopic theory of the electrical small-polaron (SP) conductivity of Fe 3 O 4 is presented taking into account the polaronic short-range order (SRO) due to intersite SP-SP interaction. The theory is based on a SP correlation model in the narrow-band limit. The concept of SRO and its role in explaining the equilib…
Random fibre fields can serve as mathematical models of irregular systems of dislocation lines. The pair-correlation function describes their variability and inner correlations. This paper presents the pair-correlation functions for various fibre field models. The curves and formulae can help to interpret empirical pa…
Full concentration series of tetragonal melilite-like Ca2−xNdxGa2+xSi1−xO7 single crystals with desordered structure are grown using Czochralski technique and their precies X-ray structural analysis is carried out. Intensity, absorption, and luminescence characteristics including orientational ones of Nd2+ ions in Ca2…
It is shown that the commonly used approximation for the no-loss angle-resolved photocurrent from solids in general violates the optical selection rules if the final-state inverse low-energy electron diffraction orbital is taken to be damped. The violations occur in the velocity formula, which is inconsistent with the…
Intrinsic and extrinsic plasmon loss effects are discussed based on the theory proposed by the present author, both for surface and bulk plasmon loss observed in XPS spectra from deep cores. Two types of the incident X-ray polarization are considered here; one is normal to the surface, another is parallel to it. The a…
The complete Raman spectra of ${\mathrm{Na}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CO}}_{3}$ in its monoclinic (\ensuremath{\beta}), incommensurate (\ensuremath{\gamma}), and lock-in (\ensuremath{\delta}) phases, as well as the far-infrared spectra in the \ensuremath{\gamma} and \ensuremath{\delta} phases, have been measured and interpreted…
The structure [C10H13N3O3,Mr=223.23, monoclinic, P21, a=5.182(1) Å, b=14.964(4) Å, c=7.045(1) Å, β=106.76(1)°, V=523.1 Å3, Z=2, Dx=1.42 Mg mm−3, μ=9.0 cm−1, F(000)=236, 23±1 °C, R=(Σ‖‖F0‖−‖Fc‖‖/Σ‖F0‖) =0.047 based on 930 reflections with F20>3.0σ(F20)] of this compound reveals it to optimally satisfy many of th…
The notion of a perfect crystal in d-dimensional physical space may be generalized to the ``deterministic'' quasicrystal generated by a cut by a d-dimensional ``physical'' plane through a periodic array of (D-d)-dimensional hypersurfaces in a D-dimensional space. (The quasicrystal tilings generated by projection from…
Three regimes of pressure and temperature are identified in which silane pyrolysis has distinctly different initial kinetics: in two regimes the initial reactions are heterogeneous and in the third regime it is homogeneous. We report here a preliminary model for the heterogeneous reaction regime where the decompositio…
Diamond has been obtained by ArF excimer laser-induced chemical vapor deposition. The reaction was carried out by use of C2H2 diluted with H2 as a source gas and at the pressure range of 8–75 Torr. The products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and reflection electron diffraction. Deposits prepared in…
Mutual-diffusion and tracer-diffusion coefficients, $D$ and ${D}^{*}$, are measured in the miscible polymer blend system polystyrene + poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenyleneoxide) by forward recoil spectrometry. We find $D$ to be much larger than ${D}^{*}$, an increase that is predicted quantitatively by a theory which incl…
Monte Carlo simulations have been performed on a diamond lattice model of semiflexible polymers for a range of flexibilities and a range of chain lengths from 50 to 800 segments. The model includes both repulsive (excluded volume) and attractive segment–segment interactions. It is shown that the polymers group into tw…