Materials Literature
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Using short circuit and open circuit modifications of the thermally stimulated depolarization current technique, relaxation currents have been measured in corona poled copolymer of vinylidene fluoride with tetrafluoroethylene in samples stored after poling for either 1 day, or 16 month. Two well structured peaks obser…
This paper addresses the structural characterisation of a series of U/Fe, U/Co and U/Gd multilayers. X-ray reflectivity has been employed to investigate the layer thickness and roughness parameters along the growth direction and high-angle diffraction measurements have been used to determine the crystal structure and…
Numerical and analytical studies of the onset of percolation in high-aspect-ratio fiber fiber systems such as nanotube reinforced polymers available in the literature have consistently modeled fibers as penetrable, straight, capped cylinders, also referred to as spherocylinders. In reality, however, fibers of very hig…
The review outlines the theoretical foundations and industrial implementations of modern detonation synthesis of nanodiamonds and chemical purification of the nanodiamonds thus obtained. The structure, key properties and promising fields of application of detonation-synthesis nanodiamonds are considered.
Sensing by BRET: Quantum dot (QD) nanosensors can detect the activity of matrix metalloproteinases by measuring the bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) efficiency between the QDs and a bioluminescent fusion protein (see scheme; Luc8=Renilla luciferase; His×6=six-histidine tag).
Fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) variation of green upconversion emissions at 523 and 545nm in the Er3+–Yb3+ codoped Al2O3 has been studied as a function of temperature using a 978nm semiconductor laser diode as an excitation source. In the temperature range of 295–973K, the maximum sensitivity and the temperature r…
High-conductivity two-dimensional electron gases at AlN∕GaN heterojunctions are reported. The sheet densities can be tuned from ∼5×1012∕cm2to∼5×1013∕cm2 by varying the AlN thickness from 2to7nm. A critical thickness is observed beyond which biaxial strain relaxation and cracking of AlN occur, and a degradation of carr…
The five independent elastic moduli of single-crystalline graphite are determined using inelastic x-ray scattering. At room temperature the elastic moduli are, in units of GPa, ${C}_{11}=1109$, ${C}_{12}=139$, ${C}_{13}=0$, ${C}_{33}=38.7$, and ${C}_{44}=4.95$. Our experimental results are compared with predictions of…
Abstract Materials with aligned porous structures have broad potential in applications such as organic electronics, microfluidics, and tissue engineering. Materials of this type can be fabricated using techniques such as microfabrication, soft lithography, and photolithography. Directional freezing is a cheap, simple,…
A peptide-based hydrogelation strategy has been developed that allows homogenous encapsulation and subsequent delivery of C3H10t1/2 mesenchymal stem cells. Structure-based peptide design afforded MAX8, a 20-residue peptide that folds and self-assembles in response to DMEM resulting in mechanically rigid hydrogels. The…
Abstract There is an explosive interest in 1D nanostructured materials for biological sensors. Among these nanometer‐scale materials, single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) offer the advantages of possible biocompatibility, size compatibility, and sensitivity towards minute electrical perturbations. In particular, bec…
The radulae of limpets are regarded as an ideal experimental material for studying biologically controlled mineral deposition, because they possess teeth in different mineralization stages. The pattern of silica precipitation in the limpet, Notoacmea schrenckii (Gastropoda: Acmaeidae), was elucidated in this study usi…
Abstract The study of the complex formation of 3,3‐diphenyl‐3 H ‐benzo[f]chromenes containing aza‐18‐crown‐6‐ether, diaza‐18‐crown‐6‐ether or morpholine units with alkali, alkaline earth, heavy and transition metal cations in acetonitrile is reported. The spectroscopic and kinetic behavior of the photomerocyanine isom…
Abstract The fast reversible photochromic molecule was synthesized with the aid of triphenylimidazolyl radicals (TPI ˙ ) and naphthalene linker. The crystal structure, photochemical properties, and kinetics of the target compound (1,8‐TPID‐naphthalene) were investigated. 1,8‐TPID‐naphthalene photochemically cleaved in…
The form of the stress tensor is investigated in smooth, dense granular flows which are generated in split-bottom shear geometries. We find that, within a fluctuation fluidized spatial region, the form of the stress tensor is directly dictated by the flow field: The stress and strain-rate tensors are co-linear. The ef…
Tissue engineering is an emerging area of applied research with a goal of repairing or regenerating the functions of damaged tissue that fails to heal spontaneously by using cells and synthetic functional components called scaffolds. Scaffolds made of nanofibers (herein called "nano-fibrous scaffolds") play a key role…
Using single-wavelength anomalous dispersion data obtained from a gold-derivatized crystal, the X-ray crystal structure of the protein 067745_AQUAE from the prokaryotic organism Aquifex aeolicus has been determined to a resolution of 2.0 A. Amino-acid residues 1-371 of the 44 kDa protein were identified by Pfam as an…
Abstract A novel C30 vanadyl alkylporphyrins, 13,15-ethano-3-ethyl-2,7,12,18-tetramethylporphyrin (i.e., 8-nor-deoxophylloerythroetioporphyrin; 8-nor-DPEP) has been isolated from a Middle Miocene siliceous shale. The structure of intact vanadyl porphyrins was determined by X-ray crystallography. The structure suggests…
As the morphologies of patterned carbon nanotube (CNT) field emission arrays become more complex, it is critical to examine the interactions of individual emitters in close proximity to one another. The number of active emission sites in dense arrays can be severely inhibited by electrostatic shielding. To explore thi…
We report the fabrication of free-standing multilayered thin films based on the layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition method. The isolation of multilayer thin film allows us to characterize the materials properties of such films in great detail. Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and hydrophobically modified poly(ethylene oxide) (HM-…