Materials Literature
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Because of the need for methods for successful transplantation of autologous fat, the differentiation of human preadipocytes on surgical mesh coated with various extracellular matrix components was investigated. Biopsy specimens of human adipose tissue were collected from seven different patients and were subjected to…
Recently it was shown that smectic liquid crystal phases formed by achiral banana-shaped molecules are chiral. Films of such phases generally contain both homochiral (consisting of layers of the same chirality) and racemic (the chirality alternates in subsequent layers) domains. So far it has not been clear how to con…
Heat conduction in thin films and superlattices is important for many engineering applications such as thin-film based microelectronic, photonic, thermoelectric, and thermionic devices. Past modeling efforts on the thermal conductivity of thin films were based on solving the Boltzmann transport equation that treats ph…
Mechanical properties of sputtered AlCu(0.5 wt %) thin films, 0.2–2.0 μm thick, were determined by tensile testing. For comparison, tensile tests were also performed on bulk samples of the same composition. The films were deposited on thin polyimide foils. They were characterized with respect to the surface, microstru…
In the present study, the structural and morphological development during melt spinning of polyethylene and poly(vinylidene fluoride) fibers was studied using simultaneous in-situ synchrotron small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SWAXS) techniques. The spinning apparatus consisted of a single screw extruder, which w…
The peculiar solubility behavior of propylparaben (propyl ester of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid) in aqueous solution, when tested separately and together with methyl-, ethyl-, and butyl-parabens, has been investigated in detail. The results clearly indicate that the decrease in solubility (approximately 50% compared to the s…
The quantitative understanding of rheological experiments on compatibilized binary polymer blends requires the consideration of viscoelastic interfacial properties. The Palierne model offers these capabilities but a systematic analysis has not been performed yet. Starting from the Palierne model containing a Maxwell a…
In situ , ex situ , and microscopic Raman spectroscopy were used to examine the interactions of dilute chromate solutions with actively corroding pits in aluminum alloy used for aerospace applications (AA-2024-T3). Approximately in salt solution greatly reduces alloy corrosion, and soluble Cr(VI) is a major component…
Antifoams (usually consisting of a mixture of hydrophobic solid particles and oils) are widely used in different technological applications to prevent the formation of excessive foam. Uncertainty still exists in the literature about the actual mechanisms by which these substances destroy the foam. To elucidate this pr…
This Microreview highlights the chemistry of the metacyclophanediene-dihydropyrene system, which is a reversible photochromic π switch. Although most studies have been carried out on systems with a single dihydropyrene, recently multiple dihydropyrenes have been fused to conjugated spacers to give multi-state switches.
High hydrostatic pressures were applied to single-wall carbon nanotubes by means of a diamond anvil cell (DAC), and micro-Raman spectroscopy was simultaneously used to monitor the pressure-induced shift of various nanotube bands. The data confirm recent results independently obtained from internal pressure experiments…
Titanium diboride (TiB 2 ) was hot‐pressed at a temperature of 1800°C, and silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) was added as a sintering aid. The amount of Si 3 N 4 that was added had a significant influence on the sinterability and mechanical properties of the TiB 2 . When a small amount (2.5 wt%) of Si 3 N 4 was added, the S…
The main aim of this paper is to show how well we can design novel molecule-based magnets using Prussian blue analogues based on theory. We obtained various novel magnets, i.e. magnets containing both ferro- and antiferromagnetic interactions without spin frustration, a magnet having two compensation temperatures, col…
A series of novel composite inorganic-organic materials from the copper-cyanide-triazolate-organoamine system have been isolated and structurally characterized. An unusual interpenetrating layered structure type composed of fused and flattened "slinkies", [Cu(6)(CN)(5)(trz)] (1) (trz = triazolate, C(2)N(3)H(2)(-)), a…
The physicochemical characterization of MS-325 [trisodium {4-(R)-[(4,4-diphenylcyclohexyl)phosphanooxymethyl]-3,6,9-triaza-3,6,9-tris(methoxycarbonyl)undecanedioato}gadolinium(III)], a new derivative of Gd-DTPA {Magnevist®: dimeglumin [{3,6,9-triaza3,6,9-tris(methoxycarbonyl)undecanedioato}gadolinium(III)], presented…
Prior to attaching any biological significance to differences between two related protein crystal structures, it must be established that such differences are genuine, rather than artefacts of the structure-determination protocol. This will be all the more important as more and more related protein structures are solv…
The existence of a distribution of relaxation times has been widely used to describe the relaxation function versus frequency in glass-forming liquids. Several empirical distributions have been proposed and the usual method is to fit the experimental data to a model that assumes one of these functions. Another alterna…
Recent molecular dynamics simulations of high-energy high-angle twist grain boundaries (GBs) in Si revealed a universal liquid-like high-temperature structure which, at lower temperatures, undergoes a reversible structural and dynamical transition from a confined liquid to a solid; low-energy boundaries, by contrast,…
Most authors include a paraxial (small-angle) limitation in their discussion of diffracted wave fields. This paraxial limitation severely limits the conditions under which diffraction behavior is adequately described. A linear systems approach to modeling nonparaxial scalar diffraction theory is developed by normaliza…
This is a review article of the various experimental approaches used for measuring fabric mechanical properties important in apparel handling, including the biaxial tension and in-plane shear parameters. First, the paper discusses the important issues encountered during such a fabric test. Then most existing biaxial t…