Materials Literature
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ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFrom semiconductor-semiconductor transition (42 K) to the highest-Tc organic superconductor, .kappa.-(ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]Cl (Tc = 12.5 K)Jack M. Williams, Aravinda M. Kini, Hau H. Wang, K. Douglas Carlson, Urs Geiser, Lawrence K. Montgomery, Gloria J. Pyrka, Diana M. Watkins, Jef…
Superplastic structural ceramics (Y‐TZP, Al 2 O 3 , Si 3 N 4 , and their composites) that can withstand biaxial stretching to large strains have been developed recently. Microstructural design of these ceramics first requires an ultrafine grain size that is stable against coarsening during sintering and deformation. A…
Single crystals in the lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate-(1−x) Pb(Mg1/3 Nb2/3)O3-(x) PbTiO3 solid solution system were grown using a flux growth technique. Crystals over the compositional range of 0.3 ≤ ′ ≤ 0.4 being near the rhombohedra1 (pseudo-cubic)-tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary were characterized. The…
Spider major ampullate (dragline) silk is an extracellular fibrous protein with unique characteristics of strength and elasticity. The silk fiber has been proposed to consist of pseudocrystalline regions of antiparallel beta-sheet interspersed with elastic amorphous segments. The repetitive sequence of a fibroin prote…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new multiplet-cluster model for the morphology of random ionomersA. Eisenberg, B. Hird, and R. B. MooreCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 18, 4098–4107Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 199…
The photophysical characteristics and luminescence-spectroscopic properties of molecules with a high photostabilising efficiency are examined. It is shown theoretically that the short lifetime and (or) low population of the triplet state of the molecule are essential (but not sufficient) conditions for its use as a ph…
The isocitrate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli is regulated by covalent modification at the active site rather than, as expected, at an allosteric site. As a means of evaluating the mechanism of regulation, the kinetics of the substrate, 2R,3S-isocitrate, and a substrate analog, 2R-malate, were compared for the nati…
Abstract There are numerous techniques available for providing detailed compositional information of the surface of materials. This volume aims to clarify those techniques which use particles as various kinds of probes for surface analysis. For each technique it provides a description of the physical principle, the me…
Electron and spin Green functions of a Hubbard ferromagnet are calculated, both starting from the Stoner ground state and for a ferromagnet with Hubbard subbands. The temperature dependences of the spin-wave stiffness and damping, the magnetisation, the local moment on a site and the thermodynamic properties are inves…
The X-band optically detected magnetic resonance of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and poly(3-dodecylthiophene) films and solutions are described and discussed. The photoluminescence-enhancing features include (i) a strong, \ensuremath{\sim}15-G-wide, asymmetric peak at g\ensuremath{\simeq}2.003; (ii) a weak peak at g\ensurem…
Using a Ginzburg-Landau free energy, we show that the failure of an oil/water interface to be wetted by a microemulsion is directly related to its structure. At the disorder line where the fluid loses this structure, an unusual wetting transition can occur. We calculate the elastic constant of mean curvature for both…
Two scaling regimes, D\ensuremath{\sim}${\mathit{N}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ with \ensuremath{\delta}=0.49\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02 and 0.80\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04, have been identified in a model set of nearly symmetric diblock copolymer melts, where D and N are the system peridocity and degre…
We have measured the dielectric susceptibility of several glass-forming liquids over 13 decades of frequency. The primary relaxation for all the liquids, over the entire frequency and temperature range studied, can be collapsed onto a single scaling curve with only two parameters, peak position and width. This curve i…
Calibration curves of the Raman spectrum of nanophase TiO2 to the material’s oxygen stoichiometry are presented. The thermogravimetric analysis studies used to determine the oxygen-titanium ratio are also discussed.
Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) are electrooptic materials that modulate light through electrical control of the refractive index similar to other liquid devices. Like dynamic scattering and smectic displays, PDLCs switch between scattering and clear states. PDLC-type devices consist of droplets of low-molec…
This chapter provides an overview of current researches on liquid crystalline polymers (LCP's). Topics include syntheses of main-chain and side-chain LCP's, structured characterization of LCP's and LCP networks and rheology and processing. Applications of LCP/polymer blends as self-reinforced polymers and electro-opti…
The protein Felix was designed de novo to fold into an antiparallel four-helix bundle of specific topology. Its sequence of 79 amino acid residues is not homologous to any known protein sequence, but is "native-like" in that it is nonrepetitive and contains 19 of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. Felix has been…
A quantum Ising spin chain with nearest-neighbour couplings arranged in a quasiperiodic sequence is considered. The Cantor set structure of the energy spectrum is analysed in terms of the thermodynamic description of multifractals. Evidence is given that the spectrum of scales develops a singular behaviour: this is as…
The authors propose to use multifractal analysis in reciprocal space as a tool to characterise, in a statistical and global sense, the nature of the Fourier transform of geometrical models for atomic structures. This approach is especially adequate for shedding some new light on a class of structures introduced recent…
It is argued that the threshold transition that occurs in the phase-deformation model of charge-density-wave systems in an applied electric field is destroyed in all dimensions by phase slips (amplitude fluctuations). The one-dimensional case is demonstrated using an exactly soluble model.