Materials Literature
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The changes in the three-dimensional structure of the poly(acrylic acid), PAA, induced by incorporation of various alkali-metal counterions have been evaluated by studying diffusion of an uncharged probe (1,1'-ferrocenedimethanol) in the polymeric media. The studies are supported by the measurements of conductivity an…
A noncatalytic layer-by-layer self-templated growth mechanism of carbon nanotube (CNTs) walls is presented. Growth occurs on both the inner and outer surfaces of the NTs. In both cases, the NT walls grow at the expense of disordered carbon or adatoms produced by electric breakdown (see image). The self-templated growt…
We report on a theoretical analysis of the graphitization of a nanosize diamond (nanodiamond) in the metastable state. A nanodiamond annealed at a relatively lower temperature suffers morphological transition into a nanodiamond–graphite core–shell structure. Thermodynamic stability analysis of the nanodiamond showed t…
We introduce and experimentally demonstrate an achromatic polarization grating (PG), which manifests high diffraction efficiency (> 99.5%) over a broad range of spectrum. Unlike conventional phase gratings, this family of PGs has unique diffraction properties including three non-zero diffraction orders (m = 0,±1) with…
Polycrystalline or single-crystal ferroelectric materials present dielectric dispersion in the frequency range 100 MHz–1 GHz that has been attributed to a dispersive (relaxation-like) mechanism as well as a resonant mechanism. Particularly in 'normal' ferroelectric materials, a dielectric response that is indistinguis…
A quasi-static simulation is used to study the mechanical response of a disordered bidimensional aqueous foam submitted to an oscillating shear strain. The application of shear progressively extends the elastic domain, i.e. the strain range within which no plastic process occurs. It is associated with the development…
The self-healing phenomenon of defective single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is observed at the atomic level from a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation test. The ideal network of carbon nanotubes is unable to avoid damage under destabilizing loads at high temperature, leading to unforeseen patterns in bond breakage…
The initially hydrophobic surface of as-prepared luminescent stain-etched porous Si powder is made hydrophilic by means of the physical adsorption of different nonionic surfactants. Unsaturated linear hydrocarbons (undecylenic acid and oleyl alcohol) are found to provide the best durability of aqueous suspensions of p…
Highly uniform single-crystal CdSe nanobelts were prepared via a simple thermal evaporation route. Photoluminescence (PL) from a single belt indicates that the obtained nanostructures can produce stable and ultrafine red-color lasing under pulsed light excitation. The corresponding PL decay profiles show that the PL l…
Photoemission electron microscopy was employed to study the antiferromagnetic domain structure in patterned LaFeO 3 thin films. No influence of the patterning was observed and, using forward scattered electron scanning electron microscopy, a one-to-one correlation of the crystallographic domain structure with the anti…
Ceria rare earth solid solutions are known as solid electrolyte with potential application in oxygen sensors and solid oxide fuel cells. We report the preparation of gadolinia-doped ceria, Ce 0.90 Gd 0.10 O 1.95 , by the conventional solid-state reaction method and the preparation of thin films from a sintered pellet…
Recent demonstrations have shown that the transmission through a subwavelength aperture in metal film placed in a periodic lattice or an aperiodic structure is significantly increased relative to a bare aperture. Using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, we analyze the enhanced transmission properties of aperiodic and…
We discuss a technique for obtaining surface plasmon interference patterns, which may find use in photolithography. To obtain the interference patterns we propose that a diffraction grating with a metal film coated onto the substrate should be used. The modeling results show that it is possible to produce a high-contr…
For the controlled modification of sol-gel-templated polymer nanocomposites, which are transferred to a nanostructured, crystalline TiO2 phase by a calcination process, the addition of a single homopolymer was investigated. For the preparation, the homopolymer polystyrene (PS) is added in different amounts to the dibl…
Using dynamic light scattering we have investigated the time dependence of fluctuations near the critical point of phase separation in solutions of polystyrene in cyclohexane with polymer molecular weights ranging from 196,000 to 11.4 x 10(6) g mol(-1). At the lowest polymer molecular weight the dynamic correlation fu…
We report magnetotransport properties of photogenerated electrons in undoped ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ single crystals under ultraviolet illumination down to $2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. By tuning the light intensity, the steady-state carrier density can be controlled, while tuning the wavelength controls th…
We report molecular dynamics simulations on completely charged polyelectrolyte brushes grafted to two parallel surfaces. The pressure Pi is evaluated as a function of separation D between the two grafting planes. For decreasing separation, Pi shows several regimes distinguished by their scaling with D which reflects t…
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to investigate the stoichiometry of CeO 2- x (111) ultrathin films grown on Rh(111), as well as the modification of the average Ce oxidation state by Pd and CO at room temperature. The stoichiometry of three-layer CeO 2- x (111) has been varied between CeO 1.91 and…
Polycrystalline gold nanowires were synthesized by a simple chemical reduction method using potassium oxalate as the reducing and capping agent along with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the co-capping agent at room temperature. Different molar concentration ratios of HAuCl 4 and potassium oxalate were studied for the s…
Sheth P. T. Arts & Science College, Godhra-389 00 I, Gujarat, India<br> Matushri Virbaima Mahila Science & Home Science College, Rajkot-360 007, Gujarat, India<br> <em>Manuscript received 6 January 2007, accepted 4 June 2007</em> Homologous series 4-(4'-<em>n</em>-alkoxy benzoyloxy)-β-benzoyl styrene have been…