Materials Literature
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Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2− x (CGO) layers were deposited onto nonconductive porous NiO–CGO supports by electrophoretic infiltration, and then compacted by isostatic pressing to achieve a high packing density of the deposited layer. The bilayers were sintered to give dense CGO layers at 1290°C in air. A fuel cell comprising an…
One of the significant challenges in the use of nanoparticles is the control of primary particle size and extent of agglomeration when grown from the gas phase. In this paper we consider the role of surface passivation of the rate of nanoparticle coalescence. We have studied the coalescence of bare and H-coated silico…
In an array of low-symmetry, L-shaped gold nanoparticles, slight distortions of particle shape and arm lengths eliminate the array’s mirror plane. Such asymmetries induce large angular shifts (∼10°) of the resonant extinction axes directions from those of mirror-symmetric particles. The axes directions exhibit dispers…
The magnetostrictive and magnetoelectric (ME) properties of laminate composites of Fe–20at.%Ga and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) have been studied for laminates of different geometries. The results show that (i) a long-type magnetostrictive Fe–20at.%Ga crystal plate oriented along ⟨001⟩c and magnetized in its longitudinal (or len…
Kidney stones are heterogeneous polycrystalline aggregates that can consist of several different building blocks. A significant number of human stones contain uric acid crystals as a crystalline component, though the molecular-level growth of this important biomaterial has not been previously well-characterized. In th…
Ag 2 S thin films of 90–300 nm thickness were deposited in 3–8 h at 60–70 °C on glass substrates from a chemical bath containing silver nitrate, sodium thiosulfate and dimethylthiourea (DMTU) or tetramethylthiourea (TMTU). The glass substrates used for this purpose were previously immersed in a chemical deposition bat…
Abstract Two polyethylene/polypropylene/poly(ethylene‐co‐propylene) in‐reactor alloy samples with a good polymer particle morphology were synthesized by sequential multistage gas‐phase polymerization with a spherical Ziegler–Natta catalyst. The alloys showed excellent mechanical properties, including both toughness an…
Structure of x PbO–(100− x )SiO 2 ( x =25–89) glasses has been investigated by means of the X‐ray and neutron diffraction and 29 Si MAS NMR measurements. In the radial distribution functions of all the glasses, the Pb–O correlation was observed at 0.23 nm, indicating that the PbO 3 trigonal pyramids units do exist in…
We have analyzed the symmetry properties and the ground state of an orbital Hubbard model with two orbital flavors, describing a partly filled spin-polarized ${e}_{g}$ band on a cubic lattice, as in ferromagnetic manganites. We demonstrate that the off-diagonal hopping responsible for transitions between ${x}^{2}\ensu…
Abstract Processing and modification routes to produce and to improve properties of biodegradable plastics from soy isolate were studied. Soy isolate, acid‐treated and crosslinked soy were subsequently compounded, extruded, and injection molded. Acetic acid and glyoxal were examined concerning their suitability for ac…
Calcium alanate $[\mathrm{Ca}{(\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{H}}_{4})}_{2}]$ is a candidate material for high-density reversible solid-state hydrogen storage that thus far has been scarcely studied. This paper presents a scheme for solving the crystal structure of a compound based on only a few model structures from similar com…
A tunable focal lens using flat electro-optical liquid-crystal cell with uniform pixel-free electrodes is developed. The lenslike gradient refractive index profile is created in the cell via the spatially distributed polymer network obtained by photopolymerization using a spatially nonuniform laser beam. The condition…
Al 2 O 3 /SiC ceramic nanocomposites were fabricated from nanocrystalline Al 2 O 3 (10 nm in diameter) and SiC (15 nm in diameter) powders, and a theoretical model of intragranular particle residual stress strengthening was investigated. The SiC nanoparticles in the Al 2 O 3 grains create a normal compressive stress a…
Abstract Silicon microreactors with Pt/Al 2 O 3 thin‐film wall catalyst were adopted for kinetic studies of CO preferential oxidation (PrOx). The activity of this catalyst was compared to that of other catalyst systems based on similar formulation. Internal and external mass‐transport and heat‐transport limitations of…
The purpose of this paper is to address the differences observed in the oxidative kinetics between flame and diesel derived soots. In particular, it has been observed that flame soot has a significantly higher activation energy for oxidation than does diesel soot. The hypothesis tested in this paper is that metals, po…
A series of compounds were designed and synthesized to examine how through-space and through-bond electron delocalization respond to solvent effects. The general strategy involves the study of "dimers" of the distyrylbenzene chromophore held in close proximity by the [2.2]paracyclophane core and a systematic dissectio…
PEG is used as a polymeric carrier for low molecular weight drugs, but limitations arise from the fact that only one or two hydroxyl residues are on each polymer. Therefore, the synthesis of dendrimeric structures, based on amino adipic acid or beta-glutamic acid, as a branching molecule, built on a PEG diol of Mw 10,…
In this paper, the fabrication, characterization, and application of unique layer-by-layer (LBL) films of dendrimers and metallic nanoparticles is reported. Silver nanoparticles (d = approximately 20 nm) are produced in solution by sodium citrate reduction and incorporated into thin films with generation 1 and 5 DAB-A…
Boron carbide (B 4 C) was synthesized from the elements at temperatures ranging from 1300° to 2100°C using the spark plasma synthesis method. Significant densification commenced at about 1500°C and was accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the defect structure of this carbide. Changes in the X‐ray diffraction pat…
A quasi-ring-type magnetoelectric (ME) laminate composite consisting of a circumferentially poled piezoelectric Pb(Zn1∕3Nb2∕3O)3-4.5at.%PbTiO3single-crystal ring and two circumferentially magnetized magnetostrictive TERFENOL-D rings was fabricated and found to have a giant ME voltage coefficient of 2.2V∕Oe, or equival…