Materials Literature
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Abstract The cell nucleation and real‐time cell growth with increasing cell growth time in microcellular foaming were investigated by means of temperature quenching in a supercritical CO 2 pressure‐quench process. Samples of uniform size and shape were saturated in a vessel under conditions of 100–180°C and 30 MPa, an…
Mn thin films were deposited in situ on molecular beam epitaxy grown GaAs(001) surfaces at 0 °C. Postgrowth anneals of the Mn/GaAs samples were done at 200, 300, and 400 °C for times ranging from 0.5 to 30 h. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy show that for…
We present results from kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations of diffusion in a model glass former. We find that the diffusion constants obtained from KMC simulations have Arrhenius temperature dependence, while the correct behavior, obtained from molecular dynamics simulations, can be super-Arrhenius. We conclude tha…
The retention characteristics of Ir/IrO2/Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3(PZT)/Pt/IrO2 capacitors were investigated by measuring the switching and nonswitching polarizations, the switching current profiles, and the P–V hysteresis loops. The retention losses of Ir/IrO2/PZT/Pt/IrO2 capacitors were compared with those of the Pt/PZT/Pt c…
The present work is directed at thermal and electrical characterization of the Cu/CoFe multilayer, which is made of extremely thin periodic layers, using steady-state Joule heating and thermometry in suspended bridges in the temperature range of 50–300 K. The total thickness of the layer is ds=144 nm, while the thickn…
The influence of ${e}_{g}$ electrons on resonant x-ray scattering was studied using ${\mathrm{RE}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ (RE: rare earth) thin films having an electron configuration of ${(t}_{2g}{)}^{3}{(e}_{g}{)}^{1\ensuremath{-}x}.$ Based on the rigorous measurements of the Jahn-Tell…
Abstract Blends of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/Polypyrrole (PPy) were synthesized by emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and in situ oxidative polymerization of pyrrole (Py) with varying concentrations of Py and ferric chloride. The influence of the varying concentrations of ferric chloride, Py,…
A theoretical prediction of the electronic structures of fully pi-conjugated zinc oligoporphyrins with curved surface, ring, tube, and ball-shaped structures was conducted as the objective for the future development of triply meso-meso-, beta-beta-, and beta-beta-linked planar zinc oligoporphyrins. The excitation ener…
At sufficiently high frequency and low temperature, the dielectric responses of glassy, crystalline, and molten ionic conductors all invariably exhibit nearly constant loss. This ubiquitous characteristic occurs in the short-time regime when the ions are still caged, indicating that it could be a determining factor of…
Abstract Cationic starches were prepared in a corotating twin‐screw extruder by using wheat starch and two different reagents: 2.3‐epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (Quab 151®) and 3‐chloro 2‐hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium (Quab 188®) in aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The different factors affecting this reactio…
Abstract A family of anionomeric segmented polyurethane–ureas made from α‐ω dimethylol‐terminated perfluoropolyethers ( M n = 1000–2000), isophorone diisocyanate, dimethylol propionic acid, and ethylenediamine was obtained in form of stable aqueous dispersions. The dispersions were characterized by viscometry and dyna…
The hydrogen storage performance of body-centered cubic (bcc) phase Ti–20Cr–12Mn–24V–5Fe alloy is reported. It was found that the alloy has better activation property, flatter hydrogen absorption–desorption pressure plateau, lower cost, and larger hydrogen storage capacity. Compared to as-cast sample, the pressure pla…
The crystal structure and magnetic properties of SmCo7−xSix (x=0.1–0.9) compounds were studied by means of x-ray powder diffraction and magnetic measurements. Rietveld refinement of x-ray powder diffraction pattern shows that the as-cast compound SmCo7−xSix with x=0.9 crystallizes in the TbCu7-type structure with the…
Abstract The crosslinking efficiency of various commercially available organic peroxides (dicumyl peroxide, O,O ‐ t ‐butyl O ‐2‐ethylhexylperoxycarbonate, t ‐butyl peroxybenzoate, t ‐butyl 3,5,5‐trimethylperoxyhexanoate, and t ‐butyl 2‐ethylperoxyhexanoate) was tested on high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) in its molten…
Mathematical and numerical models of solidification of binary and multicomponent dendritic alloys that can model the dynamics of the mushy zone as well as the all liquid region are examined. The discussion is centered around models based on finite element discretization of the governing equations that have been develo…
Abstract Rice hulls, a byproduct of the rice industry, contain 60–90% silica and are unique within nature. The annual worldwide output of rice‐hull‐derived silica is more than 3.2 million tons, which poses environmental concerns because of disposal issues. Burning rice hulls, as a preparative step for energy productio…
We report an alternative technique which utilizes fast-proton irradiation prior to electrochemical etching for three-dimensional microfabrication in bulk p-type silicon. The proton-induced damage increases the resistivity of the irradiated regions and acts as an etch stop for porous silicon formation. A raised structu…
We calculated the electronic structures of the Heusler alloy ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}\mathrm{FeGa}$ for both the cubic and the orthorhombic structures by self-consistent full-potential linearized-augmented plane-wave method. The localized moment of Fe atom is interpreted based on the electronic structure and the popular exp…
Photoluminescence spectroscopy of nitrogen-related emissions in ZnO is used to establish the ionization energy of the substitutional nitrogen acceptor. The temperature dependence of the nitrogen-related electron-acceptor (e,A0) emission band has been monitored in as-grown single crystals of ZnO. Line shape analysis of…
Abstract The effect of microwave plasma on lightweight cotton fabric was investigated. N 2 ‐plasma, O 2 ‐plasma, and Ar‐plasma were obtained using a microwave generator at 2.45 GHz under vacuum. The universal attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared (UATR–FTIR) instrument was used to monitor the changes…