Materials Literature
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There is still no general consensus about the mechanism and nature of structural transformations in cryovacuum water ices. There are different interpretations of the behavior of the cryoprecipitates with respect to the proposed glass transition in the sequence of transformations and with respect to the values of the g…
The optical losses in sulfoselenide glass fibers fabricated by the double-crucible method are shown to rise in going from the first-drawn portion to the back end of the fiber. Optical microscopy, IR and Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis, and differential scanning calorimetry data indicate that…
The crystal structure of a Si-deficient vesuvianite, space group P 4/ nnc , a 15.678(1), c 11.828(1) A, from the Wiluy River, Sakha–Yakutia, Russia, has been refined from single-crystal X-ray data to R = 0.037. Electron-microprobe analyses indicate that this vesuvianite has only ca. 16 Si pfu in contrast to regular ve…
A combination of high-pressure water vapor annealing (HWA) and chemical modification (CM) was used in order to fully passivate the nanocrystalline silicon surface of porous Si (PS) and electrochemically oxidized PS. The effects of these treatments on the surface chemistry are characterized by Fourier transform infrare…
Well-crystallized aluminium nitride (AlN) thin films were synthesized on silicon substrates at room temperature using magnetron sputtering. Physicochemical properties of the film were investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and Raman spectrometry. The…
The electrooptic effect and the kinetics of recording/erasing the hologram of a plane wavefront in films of the 4-methacryloxy-(4′-carboxy-3′-oxy)azobenzene-cobalt polycomplex and 4-carboxy-3-oxy-3′-carboxy-4′-oxyazobenzene-cobalt polymer are studied. The electrooptic properties of the films depend on the reorientatio…
Polymers are widely used in a great number of applications because of their many advantages. For applications requiring optical and conductive properties, the choice of a suitable polymer is limited to polymers with a conjugated chemical structure such as polyacetylene, polypyrrole, and polythiophene. Very thin film o…
An efficient method for the oxidation of alcohols is presented. Using catalytic amounts of manganese porphyrin [Mn(TPP)CN] in combination with (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (PhI(OAc) 2 ) allows the conversion of benzylic and primary aliphatic and aromatic alcohols into the corresponding aldehydes, and secondary alcohols to k…
Space charge formation in various glass materials under electron beam irradiation was investigated. The charging of spacecrafts occurs in plasma and radiation environments. In particular, we focused on an accident caused by internal charging in a glass material that was used as the cover plate of a solar panel array,…
Stochastic subwavelength structures on polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) surfaces were produced by low-pressure argon/oxygen plasma treatment. The modified surfaces show antireflective properties exhibiting low scattering losses depending on the size and the density of the structure. It is demonstrated that the antireflect…
Silicon nitride films (p-SiN) with different high stresses were formed by changing the monosilane-to-ammonia source gas ratio, RF power, and deposition temperature in a conventional plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). PECVD was used to deposit p-SiN films with high-stresses because it can flexibly chang…
Layered perovskite La2CuO4+δ (LCO) thin films were epitaxially grown on SrTiO3 (STO) and LaSrAlO4 substrates by atomic-layer-by-layer molecular beam epitaxy. The lattice defects and residual strain in these films were investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. The…
The photochemical surface modification of silicone ([SiO(CH 3 ) 2 ] n ) rubber has been successfully demonstrated using a 193 nm ArF excimer laser, and white light of strong intensity was emitted upon exposure to a 325 nm He–Cd laser. The photoluminescence spectra of the modified silicone showed broad peaks centered a…
Transparent Mg-Al spinel ceramics of four different nonstoichiometries were obtained utilizing two-stage sintering technique of vacuum sintering and post hot isostatic pressing using MgO·nAl2O3 powders with n of 1, 1.3, 1.5 and 1.8, respectively, as raw materials. The mechanical properties of the ceramics were measure…
Local cathodoluminescence spectroscopy has been suggested for the development of durable self-glowing crystals based on crystalline solid solutions (Y, Eu)PO 4 . Nonradioactive ions of Eu 3+ in these crystals cause strong luminescence in the visible range, initiated by small admixture (less than 1 wt %) of α-radioacti…
Postdeposition chemical etching of spectral-hole filters, which were fabricated as chiral sculptured thin films with central 90-deg-twist defects, decreases the cross-sectional dimensions of the helical columns that such films comprise and blueshifts the spectral holes, thereby establishing the efficacy of postdeposit…
The pulsed laser ablation and deposition (PLD) processes of SrTiO 3 were studied as a model system for developing a technique for the growth of structurally bulk-equivalent epitaxial thin films of typical complex oxides. Deposition rate vs. laser fluence measurements showed that there is a second critical fluence valu…
The dielectric behavior of tetragonal (Pb1−xLax)(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3 (PLZT x∕40∕60) ceramics doped with lanthanum (x=12% and 15%) has been investigated from 102to1014Hz in the temperature range of 20–800K. Relaxor ferroelectric behavior, together with a first-order ferroelectric phase transition at TC below the dielectric m…
The main topic of this paper is an analysis of experimental results for three kinds of sheet steel: DP600, TRIP700 and H340LAD, which are used in the automotive industry. Such results were partly reported earlier in [1]. For comparison purposes the experimental results obtained at LPMM for an ES (DC05) mild steel have…
Space-borne optical systems must be tolerant to radiation to guarantee that the required system performance is maintained during prolonged mission times. We show that the radiation hardness can be improved by selecting the relevant glass from a group of optical analogs. This conclusion is based on the study of gamma-r…