Materials Literature
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We have performed low temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements on exfoliated bilayer graphene on SiO2. By varying the back gate voltage we observed a linear shift of the Dirac point and an opening of a bandgap due to the perpendicular electric field. In addition to observing a shift in the Dirac point,…
The distribution is calculated of the electron spin polarization under current-driven spin injection from a probe to a ferromagnetic film. It is shown that the main parameters determining difference of the spin polarization from the equilibrium value are the current density and the spin polarization of the probe mater…
Modern magnetic thin film devices owe their success in large part to effects emerging from interlayer coupling and exchange interaction at interfaces. A prominent example is exchange bias (EB), a magnetic coupling phenomenon found in ferromagnet (F)/antiferromagnet (AF) systems. Uncompensated pinned moments in the AF…
Based on ab initio density functional theory, we have investigated a microscopic mechanism that leads to Fe$^{2+}_{B}$/Fe$^{3+}_{B}$ dimerization and consequent ferroelectricity in charge ordered Fe$_{3}$O$_{4}$ with $P2$ symmetry. In addition to the simple inter-site Coulomb repulsion, quantum hybridization effects a…
Incident angle dependence of reactions between graphene and hydrogen atoms are obtained qualitatively by classical molecular dynamics simulation under the NVE condition with modified Brenner reactive empirical bond order (REBO) potential. Chemical reaction depends on two parameters, i.e., polar angle $θ$ and azimuthal…
We apply recently developed phenomenological theory of polar liquids to calculate the repulsive pressure between two hydrophilic membranes at nm-distances. We find that the repulsion does show up in the model and the solution to the problem fits the published experimental data well both qualitatively and quantitativel…
Abstract Fully degradable natural fiber/degradable polymer composites have received much research attention and have various applications such as in automotive components. But flammability limits their application; it is important to improve the flame retardancy of fully degradable composites with environmentally frie…
We report here that a Permalloy layer deposited on top of a multiferroic BiFeO3 single crystal acquires an easy magnetic direction along the propagation vector of the cycloidal arrangement of antiferromagnetic moments in BiFeO3. This anisotropy originates from a direct magnetic coupling with the canted spins forming t…
Paired up: A highly active and enantioselective ion-pair epoxidation catalyst, consisting of an achiral MnIII–salen complex and a chiral phosphate counteranion, mediates the epoxidization of a wide range of alkenes with high yields and enantioselectivities (see scheme). The unique role of the counteranion is to stabil…
We examine single step reactive electrospinning of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and a chemical cross-linking agent, glutaraldehyde (GA), with hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a catalyst to generate water insoluble PVA nanofibers. Such an approach using a conventional setup with no modification enables the fibers to cross-link…
Diatoms are the most successful group of eukaryotic phytoplankton in the modern ocean and have risen to dominance relatively quickly over the last 100 million years. Recently completed whole genome sequences from two species of diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum, have revealed a wealth of i…
We present a systematic study of optical properties of a series of hexanethiolate-capped Au clusters of varying sizes using femtosecond transient absorption, time-resolved fluorescence, and two-photon absorption cross-sectional measurements. An abrupt change in optical properties and their trends has been found at the…
Advances in nanophotonics have shown the potential of colloidal metal particles with sharp tips, such as nanostars, to focalize the plasmonic electromagnetic fields. We describe in this paper the performance of gold nanostars in common surface-enhanced scattering (SES) experiments, including SERS, SERRS, and SEF. The…
The assembly of two achiral POMs of Lindqvist and Anderson through strong covalent linkages, using bifunctional TRIS with a rotatable C-N single bond, gives two nanoscale rod-like chiral molecular triads with C(2) symmetry, the chirality of which were confirmed by the single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and soli…
Novel biomaterials are beneficial to the growing fields of drug delivery, cell biology, micro-devices, and tissue engineering. With recent advances in chemistry and materials science, light is becoming an attractive option as a method to control biomaterial behavior and properties. In this Feature Article, we explore…
Abstract We explore the role of crystallinity and inter‐ or intramolecular forces in chitosan for its solubility in water and demonstrate the expansion of its solubility to a wider pH range. Due to its semicrystalline nature, derived mainly from inter‐ and intramolecular hydrogen bonds, chitosan is water‐soluble only…
Nanoporous Au-Pt alloys with pore- and ligament size down to few nanometers were fabricated by dealloying Ag-Au-Pt. Owing to the small structure size and large specific surface area, the surface stress and its variation give rise to significant stress and strain in the bulk of these materials. In fact, dilatometry exp…
Tissue engineering scaffolds should ideally mimic the natural ECM in structure and function. Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are easily fabricated and possess a biomimetic nanostructure. Scaffolds can mimic ECM function by acting as a depot for sustained release of growth factors. bFGF, an important growth factor in…
We report the design, simulation, and measurement of a dual-band metamaterial absorber in the terahertz region. Theoretical and experimental results show that the absorber has two distinct and strong absorption points near 0.45 and 0.92 THz, both which are related to the LC resonance of the metamaterial. The distribut…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The present work involves systematic study on identification of process parameters and processing conditions for effective laser surface-hardening of automotive crankshaft and its implementation in the industry, utilizing a diode laser integrated to a 6-axis robot and a turn/tilt…