Materials Literature
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Near-infrared luminescence properties of Sm3+ in Ge–Ga–Se and GeSe2–Ga2Se3–CsI glasses were studied and the local environments of Sm3+ were investigated. Strong 1.24 and 1.49μm fluorescence bands with respective bandwidths of 48 and 60nm were observed. About 540μs fluorescence lifetimes were obtained for the two emiss…
The authors report the structural, ferroelectric, and ferromagnetic properties of Pb(Fe1∕2Nb1∕2)O3 epitaxial thin layers grown on (001), (110), and (111) SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed-laser deposition; films were of sufficient resistivity to enable high-field P-E measurements. Findings are as follows: epitaxial strain r…
Bi 1.5 Zn 1.0 Nb 1.5 O 7 ∕ Mn -doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 heterolayered films have been deposited on (111) Nb:SrTiO3 substrate by pulsed laser deposition. The heterolayered films were found to possess a medium permittivity around 200, a low loss tangent of 0.0025, and a relatively high tunability up to 25% measured with dc…
We studied the changes in the electronic structure of $\mathrm{V}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ across the metal-insulator transition. The main technique was cluster model calculations with nonlocal screening channels. The calculation included a screening from a coherent state at the Fermi level in the metallic phase, and a screen…
The bulk modulus and the shear modulus of zircon soften by ca. 50% when zircon is amorphized by radiation damage. A theoretical description of the experimental findings is presented which shows that the elastic response on a zircon ceramics with radiation damage follows Hashin-Shtrikman [J. Mech. Phys. Solids 11, 127…
With continued size reduction in microelectronic devices, the boundary conductance between two materials becomes the main channel for thermal dissipation. While many efforts have been directed in studying this interfacial transport, these works have focused on the materials forming the boundary, not the boundary itsel…
Abstract Woven polypropylene fabrics are widely used, for example, in sacks for transportation of bulk materials in agriculture and construction. There are several important end‐of‐life issues with these and at present the majority of these sacks are landfilled in the UK. A new process has been developed to convert th…
The photoluminescence of the CdS nanoclusters formed in the matrix of a Langmuir-Blodgett film is studied in the temperature range 5–300 K. At the temperature 5 K, the photoluminescence spectrum of the nanocrystals consists of two bands, with peaks at 2.95 and 2.30 eV. The temperature dependence of the position of the…
High-resolution piezoresponse force microscopy is used to visualize imprint in polycrystalline PbZr0.25Ti0.75O3 thin films. Three-dimensional domain images show the formation of a thin bright band (∼8nm in width) running along the grain boundary after local application of a negative bias. Such bands extend completely…
The resistivity of (100)-oriented mesoporous silicon has been studied using two different electrode configurations. The authors observed that the electronic transport along the longitudinal direction (parallel to the sample surface) is strongly inhibited at room temperature but not along the perpendicular direction. T…
The photoluminescence and electrical properties are compared for silicon-oxide layers containing Si nanocrystals and having different Si content. The oxide was deposited by co-sputtering of silicon dioxide and silicon with the subsequent annealing for the formation of nanocrystals. Excess Si content in the layer varie…
The effect of substitution of niobium for zirconium on tunable behavior of lead barium zirconate (PBZ) films was investigated. Lead barium zirconate niobate films were grown on Pt∕Ti∕SiO2∕Si substrates using chemical solution deposition method. The substitution of Nb for Zr enhances tunable properties of PBZ films. Th…
Local environments surrounding Cd and S in CdS:O thin films have been determined using extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS). As indicated by the Cd EXAFS, Cd atoms remain predominantly bonded with S. The S EXAFS and NEXAFS clearly demonstrate the prese…
The porosity of Ge films deposited by pulsed laser deposition in an inert gas atmosphere is observed to be directly correlated with the kinetic energy of ablated species. The deposition conditions were modified by varying the pressure and the target-substrate distance. The evolution of the kinetic energy of ablated sp…
The degradation dynamics of polyhydroxyalkanoates of different composition has been studied in an eutrophic storage reservoir for two seasons. It has been shown that the biodegradation of polymers under natural conditions depends not only on their structure and physicochemical properties but also, to a great extent, o…
We report a study by electron paramagnetic resonance on the $E^{\ensuremath{'}}{}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ point defect in amorphous silicon dioxide ($a\mathrm{\text{\ensuremath{-}}}{\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$). Our experiments were performed on $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray irradiated oxygen-deficient materials and pointed out tha…
We quantitatively studied the formation, diffusion, and reactions of mobile interstitial hydrogen atoms $({\mathrm{H}}^{0})$ and molecules $({\mathrm{H}}_{2})$ in ${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$-laser-irradiated silica $(\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{2})$ glass between 10 and $330\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. Two key techniqu…
3% and 5% Mn-doped GaN nanocrystals of different sizes, with the average diameters in the range of 4–18nm, have been prepared by two independent routes under solvothermal conditions starting with two different precursors. The reaction temperature was around 350°C in all the preparations. The nanocrystals so prepared e…
Abstract The crosslinking process of ethylene–octene copolymers by dicumyl peroxide (DCP) has been studied under static and dynamic conditions. Under static conditions, our results (gel time, insoluble fraction, and equilibrium modulus) qualitatively agree with the theories on the prediction of properties of random cr…
Cd Se ∕ Zn S core/shell quantum dots (QDs) were filled into porous alumina membranes (PAMs) by dip coating. The deposition of QDs induced changes in the refractive index of the PAMs. The amount of absorbed QDs was quantified by fitting the reflection and transmission spectra observed experimentally with one side open…