Materials Literature
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The electron-hole pair created via photon absorption in organic photoconversion systems must overcome the Coulomb attraction to achieve long-range charge separation. We show that this process is facilitated through the formation of excited, delocalized band states. In our experiments on organic photovoltaic cells, the…
Abstract Rock‐salt chalcogenide SnTe represents the simplest realization of a topological insulator where a crystal symmetry allows for the appearance of surface metallic states. Here, we theoretically predict that strain, as realized in thin films grown on (001) substrates, may induce a transition to a topological cr…
In thin-film ferroelectric (FE) capacitors the chemical and electronic structure of the electrode/FE interface can play a crucial role in determining the kinetics of polarization switching. We investigate the electronic structure of a Pt/BaTiO${}_{3}$/SrTiO${}_{3}$:Nb capacitor using time-resolved photoemission spectr…
We have performed the semilocal and hybrid density-functional theory (DFT) studies of the Sn/Ge(111) surface to identify the origin of the observed insulating ${\sqrt{3}}{\times}{\sqrt{3}}$ phase below ${\sim}$30 K. Contrasting with the semilocal DFT calculation predicting a metallic 3${\times}$3 ground state, the hyb…
Density functional theory and density functional perturbation theory are used to investigate the electronic and vibrational properties of TiS$_2$. Within the local density approximation the material is a semi-metal both in the bulk and in the monolayer form. Most interestingly we observe a Kohn anomaly in the bulk pho…
A complete understanding of the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) interaction with zinc oxide (ZnO) is a basis for the development of new ZnO-containing materials for catalytic fixation of CO 2 into useful chemicals such as methanol. In this work, the density functional theory plus U (DFT+ U ) method coupled with periodic bounda…
Superhydrophobic to neutral water droplets, superhydrophilic to acidic or basic. This double transition of surface wettability in response to a single stimulus - pH - is demonstrated for the first time. The smart surface is composed of a rough gold surface modified with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) containing thre…
The terms superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity were introduced not very long ago, in 1996 and 2000, respectively. The former is used to describe exceptionally weak and the latter used to indicate strong interactions of materials and coatings with bulk water, controlled entirely by surface topography and materia…
A flexible thermoelectric generator (TEG) was fabricated on a polyethylene naphthalate film substrate using a printing process. The thermoelectric material used in this study, a composite material consisting of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polystyrene, contained approximately 35 vol. % of voids. Because of the reductio…
The frequency upconversion emissions in the Er(3+)/Er(3+)-Yb(3+) doped/codoped hexagonal shaped La2O3 phosphor characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) upon excitation with 980 nm and 800 nm CW lasers have been investigated. The upconversion emissions corresponding to the (2)H(9/2) → (4)I(15/2), (2)H(11/2) → (4)I(15/2…
Single crystals of novel orthorhombic (space group Pnnm) iron tetraboride FeB4 were synthesized at pressures above 8 GPa and high temperatures. Magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements demonstrate bulk superconductivity below 2.9 K. The putative isotope effect on the superconducting critical temperature…
The glassy states of water are of common interest as the majority of H2O in space is in the glassy state and especially because a proper description of this phenomenon is considered to be the key to our understanding why liquid water shows exceptional properties, different from all other liquids. The occurrence of wat…
The plasmon-exciton interaction mechanisms in CdS-Au colloidal quantum-confined plexcitonic nanorod heterostructures have been studied by transient absorption spectroscopy. Optical excitation of plasmons in the Au tip leads to hot electron injection into the CdS rod with a quantum yield of ~2.75%. This finding suggest…
A stretchable carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber based wire-shaped supercapacitor is fabricated using a prestraining-then-buckling approach. At tensile strains from 0% to 100% or after 20 mechanical stretching-releasing cycles with maximum strain of 100%, the electrochemical properties are not reduced but rather somewhat imp…
Nanomaterials in the size range of 3–50 nm have received increased attention in the last few decades because they exhibit physical properties that are intermediate to those of individual molecules and bulk materials. Similarly, ultrasmall nanoparticles (USNPs), with sizes in the 1–3 nm range, exhibit unique properties…
Size, surface charge, and material compositions are known to influence cell uptake of nanoparticles. However, the effect of particle geometry, i.e., the interplay between nanoscale shape and size, is less understood. Here we show that when shape is decoupled from volume, charge, and material composition, under typical…
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Hybrid self-assembled structures combining biomolecules with synthetic (macro)molecules constitute an emerging class of materials, with applications in biosensors and drug delivery systems for instance. Recently, studies have been carried out on -conjugated polyelectrolytes binding to DNA, and fluorescence properties…
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ISBN: 978-1-4799-2984-9