Materials Literature
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Estonian solid oxide fuel cell program started in 2001. Solid oxide fuel cell single cells based on Ni-Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ or Ni-Zr0.92Y0.08O2-δ supporting anodes, bi-layered Zr0.92Y0.08O2-δ | Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ or Zr0.9Sc0.1O2-δ | Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ electrolytes and micro-meso-porous La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ, Gd0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ or Pr0.6Sr0…
It is widely known that electrochemical systems may exhibit oscillatory dynamics, and SOFC’s have been shown to produce both current and voltage oscillations, as well as oscillations in chemical species and temperature. The relationships between the various fuel cell phenomena are complex, and a number of theoretical…
This study deals with an investigation of the performance of a biogas-fed Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) operating in combination with an external tri-reforming system. The tri-reforming process is carried out using a ceria supported Ni catalyst (1.75-wt% Ni/CeO2), prepared by combustion synthesis. The catalytic tests a…
The slow proton transfer in the proton exchange membrane that causes a delay of membrane-phase potential changing against solid-phase one is taken into the numerical model and the difference between the experimental and simulation results is elucidated. The slow movement of proton transfer causes the higher cathode po…
We studied atomic and electronic properties of La2GeO5- and CeO2-based materials by first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. We investigate the properties in a viewpoint of application to solid electrolytes based on analyses of stable structures, total energies, electronic densities of states,…
For the integration in a hybrid power plant the behavior of pressurized SOFC stacks was examined. A detailed electrochemical model was validated allowing for a thorough interpretation of experimental data. This contribution focuses on the use of reformate gases and the influence of internal reforming. Experimental and…
Carbon growth site on the surface of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) comprising yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and Ni was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM observations of the YSZ and Ni powder mixture, which was heated in a methane atmosphere, confirmed that graphite was grown on the Ni surf…
Our research group proposes a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) co-generation system with charging stand for electric vehicle (EV) as one of new applications of SOFCs. To evaluate the feasibility of the proposed system, the total efficiency, energy saving rate and electricity available for EV charging are calculated by com…
Telecom companies worldwide are investigating the option of producing the power needed onsite with fuel cells, while staying grid-connected to use the grid, where available, as backup power in case of an emergency only. Among the available technical options, DC based backup power systems have had huge success in telec…
A three-dimensional (3D) finite element method (FEM) model that enables the performance simulation of mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) oxygen transport membranes (OTM) has been developed. In order to evaluate the influence of a porous functional layer on the membrane performance a numerical geometry generator…
We have developed a novel laminate-type SOFC stacks that are composed of thin each layers of electrolyte, electrodes and separator since 2005. These layers are prepared by tape casting and screen printing methods and these stacks are monolithically fabricated by simultaneous sintering these layers. We designate these…
Metal-supported cells (MSC) for SOFC have attracted growing attention over the last decade, especially for portable and mobile applications. To avoid oxidation of the metal support, sintering steps are typically executed in inert or reducing atmosphere. Standard cathode materials, which are normally used for electroly…
We developed a three dimensional (3-D) mathematical model for a cell stack to perform comprehensive CFD analyses of degradation over a long period of time. The constructed 3-D CFD model consists of complete components in a practical SOFC stack. We calculated the concentration of the chemical species, the temperature d…
A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has been manufactured using a Ni-modified perovskite and perovskite-based electrolyte and cathode. The SOFC has been investigated for operation at intermediate temperatures. In this regard, we have first studied the electrical properties of La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3 (LSGM) and gadolinia-dop…
The production of planar, anode-supported half-cell with suitable morphological characteristics needs a careful control of the thermal treatments involved. Although the thermal profiles are generally well analyzed in literature, the role played by the setter plates on the half-cell manufacturing is generally neglected…
Within the network of the Lower Saxony SOFC Research Cluster, a highly efficient SOFC power generator has been built. Its purpose is to supply 12 V (DC) devices and charge lead-batteries for off-grid applications, such as mobile homes or radio masts. The system is based on the Mk200 stack of Sunfire GmbH, Dresden and…
In this work micron sized particles of NiO, Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.9 (GDC10), and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (LSCF48) were used in the preparation of unit anode supported planar Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (IT-SOFC). The laboratories of ICB in Dijon and FC-LAB in Belfort France were aimed at preparation of large…
Steam electrolysis by means of reversible Fuel Cells is a promising concept for compensating the intermittency of renewable energy sources. Several tests on SOFC stacks operated in reverse mode (SOEC) reported faster degradation than in power production mode. Although not completely clarified, the degradation mechanis…
High performance anode supported proton conducting solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are fabricated and tested in syngas, which enable effective utilization of H2 as fuel. The proposed co-production of concentrated CO and electricity using SOFCs is investigated. The presence of CO in the anode feed does not decrease fuel…
Precoated AISI441 (EN 1.4509) for SOFC interconnectors were investigated using energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) looking at the diffusion processes in the initial stage of the oxidation. The PVD coating contained Ce and Co/Mn-alloy in two layers with…