Materials Literature
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In SOFCs, a wide range of fuel gases can be applied, but fuel impurity tolerance may be desired. By applying gadolinia-doped ceria (GDC) anode material, we analyzed power generation characteristics and internal reforming followed by high-resolution electron microscopy in order to moderate sulfur poisoning. Effect of c…
In this paper, a preliminary control law, on the basis of the model-based analysis, is adopted to allow convenient integrations into a comprehensive power tracking control algorithm. The dynamic modeling methodology is employed to assess the dynamic responses of a SOFC stack under startup and load change conditions. T…
A standard reformed biogas composition, based on a 63% CH4 37% CO2 input biogas, was defined by calculation. It is designed to resemble the composition of biogas that would enter a real SOFC stack, assuming 80% fuel utilization, and 25% recirculation of the anode off-gas. It is thermodynamically impervious to coking a…
The present work investigates the performance and degradation mechanisms of a Ni-based anode supported Solid Oxides Fuel Cells (SOFC) operating at 800 and 900°C on direct internal reforming of dry and wet natural gas. The catalytic properties of the anode support were first studied to determine safe conditions under w…
Porous activated carbon is an important electrode material for devices such as supercapacitors, batteries and fuel cells. Despite the research and commercialization work that has been carried out, there is still a need to understand some of the fundamental characteristics of the role of activated carbon and the electr…
(Ba,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3-δ systems, e.g., BaCo0.7Fe0.3-xNbxO3-δ and Ba0.5Sr0.5Co1-xFexO3-δ are the most attractive candidates for oxygen-permeation membranes and SOFC cathodes. Nevertheless, their defect structure is yet to be clarified. The ionic and electronic defects in majority have thus far been believed to be oxygen vac…
In this work (La0.75Sr0.25)0.97Cr0.5Mn0.5O3 (LSCM) perovskite powders were pre-coated with 5 wt% nickel and mixed with different amounts of CGO for testing as anode materials under 3% wet H2. By using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), we demonstrated that…
Performances of Ni, Pt, and lanthanum strontium cobaltite (LSC) were compared as electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) at temperatures of 350~450°C. Metal electrodes were prepared as a 150nm-thick porous layer by sputtering and LSC was deposited by pulsed laser deposition. It was identified that the Pt cathode…
Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are being studied for tritium separation applications involving electrochemical processes. The effects of γ- and β-radiation on Nafion 112 membrane are discussed in this paper. The fluoride and sulfate release from Nafion 112 membrane increases with increase in γ-dose. Oxygen promotes…
The present study investigates the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the cerium conversion coating on AZ91 magnesium plates in the cerium nitrate/hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution with and without sodium metavanadate. The microstructure characterization shows that the conversion coating displays a two-layere…
Understanding the chemical processes that occur at the anode triple phase boundary (TPB) between Ni, YSZ and fuel molecules is essential in determining solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode performance. With a growing interest in vibrational spectroscopy for studying such processes, the surface and vibrational properties…
A new cell design with metallic porous support was selected in order to face with the reduction of IT-SOFC’s operation temperature. Nevertheless, the excessive roughness of the porous metallic interconnect induce additional problems when a thin electrolyte layer is required. In this work, an anode material (NiO-TSZ) b…
A modified organic waste of the caprolactam production is investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique as a corrosion inhibitor of carbon steel in 20% hydrochloric solution. It is shown that cyclohexylidenecyclohexanon is a basic inhibiting component in such inhibitor. The inhibitor is investigated…
We investigated the second phase precipitation in (Sr,La)TiO3 interconnect materials in SOFC by utilizing first-principles calculation. Our calculation showed that homologous phase La2Ti2O7 is more stable than monoclinic pyrochlore phase by 0.59 eV/f.u. From the consideration of the precipitation mechanism and phase s…
Due to its high theoretical capacity (147 mAh/g), high operating voltage (~4.7V vs. Li/Li+ of Ni2+/Ni4+ couple), and inherent cycle stability (Mn4+ state, no Jahn-Teller distortion of Mn3+), LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) spinel is a promising cathode active material for high energy density lithium ion batteries [1, 2, 3] that…
Though a number of atomistic-model studies of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) have been reported to elucidate its properties, most of them have employed simple pairwise potential functions to express interactions between atoms, which limits the transferability of the models. We have developed a Tangney-Scandolo dipol…
Internal steam reforming (IR) of methane was investigated on Ni-YSZ anode supported cells, looking in particular at the effect of the steam to carbon (S/C) ratio on the degradation rate. The cells were fed with different H2O/CH4 mixtures during 100 hours sequences, alternating with sequences of dry H2 feeding. V-I cha…
Optimized performance of a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly (MEA) depends on several factors. Key among them are the electrolyte density and the interface between the electrolyte and electrodes (anode and cathode). In this work, SOFC half cells were fabricated by tape casting, lamination, and co-sintering with co…
Dual Phase Steels (DP steels), which have high strength with an excellent formability, offer potential for weight savings in the automotive industry because of their high strength and excellent formability. Alloying elements, such as Mn, Mo, Si, and Cr, are commonly added in DP steels. The alloy elements not only enha…
PrxCe1-xO2-δ can potentially serve as both cathode and anode in solid oxide fuel cells given that it exhibits significant mixed ionic-electronic conductivity (MIEC) under both cathodic and anodic conditions. While MIEC depends strongly on oxygen nonstoichiometry δ, there have been few ways to extract this information…