Materials Literature
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Though a number of atomistic-model studies of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) have been reported to elucidate its properties, most of them have employed simple pairwise potential functions to express interactions between atoms, which limits the transferability of the models. We have developed a Tangney-Scandolo dipol…
Internal steam reforming (IR) of methane was investigated on Ni-YSZ anode supported cells, looking in particular at the effect of the steam to carbon (S/C) ratio on the degradation rate. The cells were fed with different H2O/CH4 mixtures during 100 hours sequences, alternating with sequences of dry H2 feeding. V-I cha…
Optimized performance of a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly (MEA) depends on several factors. Key among them are the electrolyte density and the interface between the electrolyte and electrodes (anode and cathode). In this work, SOFC half cells were fabricated by tape casting, lamination, and co-sintering with co…
Dual Phase Steels (DP steels), which have high strength with an excellent formability, offer potential for weight savings in the automotive industry because of their high strength and excellent formability. Alloying elements, such as Mn, Mo, Si, and Cr, are commonly added in DP steels. The alloy elements not only enha…
PrxCe1-xO2-δ can potentially serve as both cathode and anode in solid oxide fuel cells given that it exhibits significant mixed ionic-electronic conductivity (MIEC) under both cathodic and anodic conditions. While MIEC depends strongly on oxygen nonstoichiometry δ, there have been few ways to extract this information…
Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SICCAS) has about 19 years’ experience in SOFC study, containing both fundamental research of materials and application research in manufacturing processes, stack assembling and system design. SICCAS is now able to prepare large dimension (from 10x10 to 20x2…
Pitting potentials of zircaloy-2 in artificial seawater were measured as a function of chloride concentration or solution temperature with and without gamma-ray irradiation. The corrosion potentials of zircaloy-2 were also measured over 720 h. The pitting potential with gamma-ray irradiation was slightly greater than…
Durability of cells and stacks against thermal cycling and redox cycling is essential for practical SOFCs, in which the system experiences various kinds of cycling conditions, including the shutoff of fuel supply. In this study, we have investigated the influence of thermal cycling conditions, such as hot-standby, col…
Macroscopic and microscopic structural changes of Ni/YSZ cermets in CH4, C2H6, and C3H8 containing atmosphere at 1073 K were evaluated by dilatometry and SEM observation. Carbon deposition was observed in low-humidified hydrocarbon atmospheres, accompanying significant expansion of the cermet. SEM observation of the c…
A major issue for the use of ceramic cathodes in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is their limited conductivity and fragility. Therefore silver based current collectors were used to obtain highly conductive cathodes. Incorporation of oxide particles prevents densification and led to porous films with enhanced stability…
Thin films of the perovskite Gd0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (GSCO), a cathode material, were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition methods. Two kinds of single-crystal (100) 8-mol% Y2O3 doped zirconia (YSZ) were used as substrate: with one surface polished and with both surfaces polished. GSCO thin films deposited on YSZ substrates w…
We prepared the Sr1-xLaxTiO3 perovskites (0≤x≤1.0) synthesized by the citric-gel method using TAS-FINE ((NH4)4[Ti2(C6H4O7)2(O2)2]) as a Ti source and examined second phases formed in the perovskite matrix. It was found that the second phase seen in the compositional region of 0.2≤x≤0.4 when fired at 1100-1500ºC was co…
Electrolyte-supported single fuel cells based on yttria-stabilized zirconia components with a ceria-based catalytic layer added to the anode were operated with three different fuels: hydrogen, methane, and ethanol. Methane and ethanol were directly fed to the fuel cells without water or any oxidizing agent. Fuels were…
Pattern anodes can be used to localize reactions and study individual processes like charge transfer, adsorption, diffusion etc. Ceria and Nickel (Ni) pattern anodes were fabricated with the same dimensions with Triple phase boundary (TPB) lengths of 0.2707 m/cm2. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) of Ni ano…
The development of low-band-gap semiconducting materials for the extremely thin absorber (eta) solar cell using cheap and scalable methods is the main objective of this work. The eta-solar cell is composed of all inorganic materials consisting of an extremely thin layer of absorbing material (1.1 < Eg < 1.8 eV) sandwi…
The redox chemistry of the nitro, nitrosyl, and peroxynitro ligands in cobalt porphyrins and phthalocyanines has been shown to be able to catalytically activate dioxygen in its electrochemical reduction. Two compounds have been focus of this study by cyclic voltammetry and density functional theory computational metho…
La0.2Sr0.8TiO3 (LST) nanoparticles were fabricated by electrospinning. This material can be used as an alternative to the conventional nickel cermet anodes to solve the carbon deposition problem encountered in hydrocarbon fed solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The phase pure LST material with perovskite structure has bee…
Limited and extensive proteolysis occur when β-conglycinin β homo-trimer (β(3)-conglycinin) from soybeans is attacked by papain. Slow limited proteolysis is restricted to cleavage of β(3)-conglycinin polypeptides into subunit halves (N- and C-terminal domains) that are further slightly truncated. The kinetics of limit…
Solid oxide fuel cell performance is usually limited by high cathodic area specific resistance (ASR) at intermediate temperatures (500-700°C). ASR can be decreased by reducing particle size to nanometer range. This improvement is usually ascribed to the area/volume ratio increase and a higher concentration of active s…
It is well known that some certain metal ions in boiling nitric acid cause corrosion acceleration of stainless steel. Neptunium ion from fission products contained in reprocessing solution is known as corrosion accelerator of the stainless steel. Neptunium has several oxidation states (IV, V and VI) in nitric acid sol…