Materials Literature
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The effect of the manganese content (0–11%) on the transformation temperatures, the mechanical properties and microstructure development of five highly alloyed 14Cr–XMn–6Ni cast stainless steels with 0.1% nitrogen was studied. The examinations reveal that the Ms, As, and Af temperatures decrease with increasing mangan…
Proton OnSite's line of commercial products based on proton exchange membrane (PEM) technology is competitive with delivered hydrogen in many industrial gas markets. Proton has demonstrated significant efficiency improvements and cost reductions over the past several years. Still, major advances are required in order…
Magnetic drug targeting (MDT) improves the integrity of healthy tissues and cells during treatment with cytotoxic drugs. An anticancer drug is bound to superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION), injected into the vascular supply of the tumor and directed into the tumor by means of an external magnetic field.…
We report on the analysis of structure, configuration, and sizing of Cu and Cu oxide nanoparticles (Nps) produced by femtosecond (fs) laser ablation of solid copper target in liquids. Laser pulse energy ranged between 500 μJ and 50 μJ. Water and acetone were used to produce the colloidal suspensions. The study was per…
Abstract A pair of polymers, PBDTBT and PBDTDTBT, was synthesized for application in polymer solar cells (PSCs). Although these two polymers have similar absorption bands and molecular energy levels, PBDTDTBT exhibits much better photovoltaic performance in polymer solar cell (PSC) devices with power conversion effici…
Under the framework of generalized Lorenz-Mie theory, we calculate the radiation force and torque exerted on a chiral sphere by a Gaussian beam. The theory and codes for axial radiation force are verified when the chiral sphere degenerates into an isotropic sphere. We discuss the influence of a chirality parameter on…
Hybrid poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT)–Sb2 S3 nanocomposite films are formed by means of an in-situ low-temperature thermal decomposition of a solution-processable antimony xanthate precursor in a polymer film. Transient optical spectroscopy and photovoltaic device studies suggest that charge separation and current gener…
A microreplication method is presented to transfer nature optimized vascular network of leaf venation into various synthetic matrixes. The biomaterial hydrogel with these microfluidic networks is proven to facilitate the growth of endothelial cells and simultaneously function as convection pathways to transport nutrie…
We achieved drain-current switching of diarylethene-channel field-effect transistors with light- and electric-field effects. The drain current was reversibly changed by alternating ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. Stress is placed on the fact that the on/off ratio realized by light irradiation was 1 × 10(2)…
Depending on their resistivity and their transmittance, the thin films of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) are widely used in optoelectronic devices. In 2 O 3 :Sn (ITO) is the most widely used TCO in optoelectronic devices. As indium is scarce and ITO is limited in flexibility due to its ceramic structure, many stud…
Abstract Throughout nature, elegant biophotonic structures have evolved into sophisticated arrangements of pigments and structural reflectors that manipulate light in the skin, cuticles, feathers and fur of animals. Not many spherical biophotonic structures are known and those described are often angle dependent or sp…
ABSTRACT Common CO2‐based biodegradable polycarbonates like poly(propylene carbonate) or poly(cyclohexene carbonate) are generally hydrophobic, leading to slow biodegradation rate and poor cell adhesion, which limit their applications in the biomedical field. Here hydrophilic polycarbonates were prepared by one‐pot te…
Graphene and ZnO as two star materials were united to constitute the photoanode of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Highly electronically conductive graphene scaffolds incorporated into ZnO hierarchically structured nanoparticle (HSN) photoanodes could simultaneously capture and transport photogenerated electrons i…
The Z-selective ethenolysis activity of chelated ruthenium metathesis catalysts was investigated with experiment and theory. A five-membered chelated catalyst that was successfully employed in Z-selective cross metathesis reactions has now been found to be highly active for Z-selective ethenolysis at low ethylene pres…
Abstract Bimolecular charge carrier recombination in blends of a conjugated copolymer based on a thiophene and quinoxaline (TQ1) with a fullerene derivative ((6,6)‐phenyl‐C71‐butyric acidmethyl ester, PC71BM) is studied by two complementary techniques. TRMC (time‐resolved microwave conductance) monitors the conductanc…
Directed self-assembly processes of polymeric systems represent a powerful approach for the generation of structural hierarchy in analogy to biological systems. Herein, we utilize triiodide as a strongly polarizable counterion to induce hierarchical self-assembly of an ABC miktoarm star terpolymer comprising a polybut…
When immersed in solutions containing Cu(II) cations, the microporous metal-organic material P11 ([Cd4(BPT)4]·[Cd(C44H36N8)(S)]·[S], BPT = biphenyl-3,4',5-tricarboxylate) undergoes a transformation of its [Cd2(COO)6](2-) molecular building blocks (MBBs) into novel tetranuclear [Cu4X2(COO)6(S)2] MBBs to form P11-Cu. Th…
The electrochemical reduction of CO 2 is a promising process capable of efficiently recycling CO 2 waste and converting it into hydrocarbon fuel. To date, copper is the best metal catalyst; however the overpotential to achieve this reaction on Cu is excessively high. It follows that the development of a catalyst to ef…
Abstract The concurrent development of high‐performance materials, new device and system architectures, and nanofabrication processes has driven widespread research and development in the field of nanostructures for photon management in photovoltaics. The fundamental goals of photon management are to reduce incident l…
Enolase is a component of the glycolysis pathway and a "moonlighting" protein, with important roles in diverse cellular processes that are not related to its function in glycolysis. However, small molecule tools to probe enolase function have been restricted to crystallography or enzymology. In this study, we report t…