Materials Literature
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We present a study on the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) in ferroelectric thin films, in which the photocurrent is measured with symmetric electrodes in the plane perpendicular to the ferroelectric polarization to eliminate the effect of the depolarization field and interfacial energy barriers. We show evidence of a…
Abstract We review the key aspects of Raman spectroscopy of graphite and graphene, focusing on the double resonant Raman modes such as the D, D* (also known as G' or 2D), and D' bands. We discuss the practical significance of Raman spectroscopy for the study of single‐ and multi‐layer graphene.
Spatially ordered arrays of single crystal graphene grains are synthesized by locally controlling nucleation on polycrystalline Cu using chemical vapor deposition. The grains can be transferred on an arbitrary substrate for further characterization and device fabrication. This offers a way to potentially fabricate gra…
Shape-memory surfaces with on-demand, tunable nanopatterns are developed to observe time dependent changes in cell alignment using temperature-responsive poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL) films. Temporary grooved nanopatterns are easily programmed on the films and triggered to transition quickly to permanent surface patterns…
Abstract Growth of inorganic polyhedral nanocrystals with excellent morphology control presents significant synthetic challenges, especially when the development of synthetic schemes to make nanocrystals with systematic shape evolution is desired. Nanocrystals with fine size and shape control facilitate formation of t…
Twisted organization: Pyrolysis of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC)/silica composite films leads to mesoporous carbon materials with long-range chiral organization (see picture). The NCC acts as a template and the resulting mesoporous carbon has a high specific surface area (>1400 m2 g−1) and accurately replicates the…
Humans are exposed to nanoparticles (NPs; diameter < 100 nm) from ambient air and certain workplaces. There are two main types of NPs; combustion-derived NPs (e.g., particulate matters, diesel exhaust particles, welding fumes) and manufactured or engineered NPs (e.g., titanium dioxide, carbon black, carbon nanotubes,…
A compelling vision in nanomedicine is the use of self directed nanoparticles that can accumulate in areas of disease to perform designed functions, such as molecular delivery or destruction, endosomal release of genes or siRNA, and selective cell or tumor destruction with nano to macroscale spatiotemporal control and…
Modeling and Simulation of Chemical System Vaporization at High Temperature: Application to the Vitrification of Fly Ashes and Radioactive Wastes by Thermal Plasma
A customized planetary rotation stage has been fitted to a commercial ion beam sputter coater to enable the deposition of high uniformity, multilayer optical coatings on large substrates without the use of masks. Uniformity in this system achieved by sequentially depositing each layer in two fixed locations in the spu…
Abstract Poly(methyl acrylate)/Na‐montmorillonite intercalated composites were prepared by free‐radical polymerization using benzoyl peroxide as a radical initiator in an aqueous medium. XRD patterns confirmed that the increase in interlayer spacing of Na‐montmorillonite (Na‐MMT) from 1.21 to 1.64 nm supports the inte…
It is shown how the discussion about antireflection coatings for the visible and near infrared region has been changed dramatically with recent experimental applications of nanostructures that realize media with effective refractive indices less than the 'magic border' of 1.34. Using the so-called binary optics as an…
Unter Volldampf: In einer plasmabasierten Route zu multimetallischen Nanopartikeln (NPs) werden Mischungen verdampfter metallorganischer Verbindungen in einem Mikroplasma bei Atmosphärendruck dissoziiert (siehe Bild). Größe und Zusammensetzung der Partikel werden durch die relativen Dampfkonzentrationen der Vorstufen…
Based on the time-dependent nonequilibrium Green's function method we investigate theoretically the time- and spin-dependent transport through a graphene layer upon the application of a static bias voltage to the electrodes and a time-alternating gate voltage to graphene. The electrodes are magnetic with an arbitrary…
The effects of different sulfur-doped carbon substrates including single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and activated carbon were compared for deposition of palladium nanoparticles synthesized by chemical vapor deposition method. Electron microscopy,…
Abstract The relationship between the oxygen vacancy and ferromagnetism in Mn‐doped ZnO has been studied based on the first‐principles calculations. Three possible charge states of oxygen vacancies, i.e., neutral ( V O 0 ), 1+ ( V O 1+ ) and 2+ ( V O 2+ ) are considered. Results show that the lattice relaxations aroun…
We have performed inelastic neutron scattering measurements to elucidate the interplay between soft phonons and polar nanoregions (PNRs) in a relaxor ferroelectric 0.7Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –0.3PbTiO 3 . In the thermal evolution of transverse phonons, we observed successive damping for both optical (TO) and acoustic (T…
Obtaining an efficient, uniform and reproducible cell seeding of porous tubular scaffolds constitutes a major challenge for the successful development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts. In this study, a novel automated cell-seeding device utilizing direct cell deposition, patterning techniques and scaffold rotation…
Abstract This study deals with the preparation and characterization of novel thermoplastic polyurethane–urea (TPUU) and carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) blends. Blends of different compositions were prepared in tetrahydrofuran using a solution technique, following an ultra‐sonication. The chemical re…
By combining the basic device equations of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors with the polarization retention characteristics of ferroelectric thin films, a retention model for ferroelectric-gate field-effect transistor (FeFET) is developed based on the depolarization field of the ferroelectric. This m…