Materials Literature
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The brittle fracture (BF) surface of a 500 kV composite insulator was analyzed. It was operated for 6 years. Chemical compositions on the field failed BF surface were examined by X-ray fluorescence spectrum and FTIR spectroscopy. Test results showed that the chemical functional groups NO3-, NO2-, together with SO42-,…
A future fusion power plant will confine very hot ionised gas or ‘plasma’ containing the hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium in a toroidal magnetic chamber (or ‘tokamak'). The energy from the resulting fusion reactions will be released as energetic α particles and neutrons. The solid material lining of the inner w…
A minimal sequence from natural silks, the tetrapeptide GAGA, has been used as inspiration for the design of a new organogelator. Gels were obtained in several organic solvents, and their microscopic aspects were studied by transmission and cryo-scanning electron microscopies (TEM and cryo-SEM). FT-IR spectroscopy, ci…
Passivation of 304 and 316 stainless steels in various acid solutions was studied as a function of exposure time and acid concentration. Nitric acid, citric acid, and the commercial Citrisurf (a commercial citric acid–based passivating solution, Stellar Solutions, USA) were compared. The materials were studied by low‐…
Reactions of cerium with carbon monoxide molecules in solid argon have been studied using matrix isolation infrared absorption spectroscopy. The cerium carbonyls CeCO and Ce2CO are produced spontaneously on annealing and they are photochemically rearranged to the CCeO and c-Ce2(mu-C)(mu-O) isomers, where Ce and Ce2 ar…
Copper (I) chloride (CuCl) is a potential candidate for ultraviolet (UV) optoelectronics due to its close lattice match with Si (mismatch less than 0.4%) and a high UV excitonic emission at room temperature. CuCl thin films were deposited using radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique. The influence of target to…
Diatoms are single-celled organisms with rigid parts in relative motion at the micrometre scale and below. These biogenic hydrated silica structures have elaborate shapes, interlocking devices, and, in some cases, hinged structures. The silica shells of the diatoms experience various forces from the environment and al…
Static and buckling analyses of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are carried out with newly developed nonlocal continuum models. Small-scale effects are explicitly derived for bending deformation solutions for CNTs subjected to general flexural loading first. Solutions via nonlocal continuum models are expressed by simple term…
We have developed a tissue-engineering approach for the production of a completely biological blood vessel from cultured human cells. In the present study, we took advantage of this tissue-engineering method to demonstrate that it can be used to reproduce the subtle differences in the expression of receptors present o…
The transport properties of Mg2 X 0.4Sn0.6 (X = Si, Ge) solid solutions are investigated. It is shown that these materials can be rendered p-type with a hole concentration of up to 4 × 1019 cm−3. The Hall coefficient, thermopower, and electrical conductivity are measured over a wide temperature range. The mobility of…
Textile composites are prepared by reinforcing natural rubber with woven sisal fabric. Sisal fabric is subjected to various chemical modifications like mercerization, silanation, and heat treatment, and its influence on the mechanical properties is analyzed. Tensile strength is seen to decrease with all chemical modif…
Continuous fibers extruded from basalt are being investigated as a replacement for other types of fibers fibers. This article describes the manufacturing process for basalt fibers and discusses some of their potential uses and advantages. The continuous process used for producing basalt fibers is similar in many respe…
X-ray photoemission electron microscopy using synchrotron radiation illumination has been used to measure the spatial distributions of albumin on a phase-segregated polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS/PMMA) polymer thin film following adsorption from unbuffered, deionized aqueous solutions under a range of solut…
Abstract Oxygen-permeable membranes of Ba1.0Co0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3−δ (BCFN) coated with Ru2.0wt%Rh0.2wt%/Co0.3Mg0.7O catalyst have high oxygen permeability and can be used for the production of synthesis gas from methane by partial oxidation. Tests over 160 h show that the oxygen permeation flux is greater than 18 mL(STP)/…
Abstract Two reference halloysites from New Zealand (Te Puke and Opotiki) were studied by X-ray diffraction under (1) various levels of relative humidity (RH) from 95 to 0% (dehydration), and (2) various temperatures increasing from 25 to 120°C (dehydration). They were also studied by differential thermal and thermogr…
The family of multiferroics comprised of the orthorhombic manganates RMn2O5 (R=Eu,Gd,Er,Y), in which the coexistence of antiferromagnetism and ferroelectricity has been reported previously, is investigated at high magnetic fields. These compounds, unlike the members of the family RMnO3 (where R=Eu,Ge,Tb,Dy) have two s…
This paper describes the propagation characteristics and mechanisms of partial discharge (PD) leading to breakdown (BD) in electronegative gases such as SF6/N2and C2F6/N2gas mixtures for AC voltage application. An established PD measuring system of highly time-resolved PD current and light intensity waveforms, streak…
We have studied oxygen interaction with Au crystals (field emitter tips) using time-resolved (atom-probe) field desorption mass spectrometry. The results demonstrate no adsorption to take place on clean Au facets under chosen conditions of pressures (p < 10(-4) m/bar) and temperatures (T = 300-350 K). Steady electric…
Platinum-based drugs are widely used in cancer chemotherapy. However, their clinical use is limited by systemic toxicity, rapid blood clearance, and the occurrence of resistance. Our research is aimed at increasing the therapeutic index of these drugs by encapsulation in a lipid formulation. Previously, we developed a…
Abstract Summary: Polymer‐layered silicate nanocomposites (PLSN), based on polyamide 6 (PA6) and montmorillonite (MMT) modified with an octadecylammonium salt, were produced via melt compounding in a co‐rotating twin‐screw extruder. Wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) and TEM revealed a PLSN containing 3.3% by weight…