Materials Literature
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Abstract Electrospinning is a relatively simple method to produce submicron fibers from solutions of different polymers and polymer blends. If the solution is absolutely insulating, or the applied voltage is not high enough that electrostatic force cannot overcome the surface tension, then no fiber can be produced by…
Abstract Shape memory polymers (SMPs) have been of great interest because of their ability to be thermally actuated to recover a predetermined shape. Medical applications in clot extracting devices and stents are especially promising. We investigated the thermomechanical properties of a series of Mitsubishi SMPs for p…
We report on a new approach to detect excitonic qubits in semiconductor quantum dots by observing spontaneous emissions from the relevant qubit level. The ground state of excitons is resonantly excited by picosecond optical pulses. Emissions from the same state are temporally resolved with picosecond time resolution.…
Superlattices composed of ferromagnetic La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 and ferroelectric 0.7Pb(Mg0,33Nb0.66)O3 0.3(PbTiO3) layers were fabricated on (100) LaAlO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique. Ferromagnetic and frequency independent ferroelectric hysteresis characteristics established the biferroic nature of the sup…
Magnetotransport properties of p-InMnAs layers are studied in pulsed magnetic fields up to 30 T. Samples were prepared by the laser deposition and annealed by ruby laser pulses. Well annealed samples show p-type conductivity while they were n-type before the annealing. Surprisingly the anomalous Hall effect resistance…
To understand the pressure-induced changes in the electronic structure and the electron-phonon interaction in yttrium, we have studied hexagonal close-packed (hcp) yttrium, stable at ambient pressure and double hexagonal close-packed (dhcp) yttrium, stable up to around 44 GPa, using density-functional-based methods. O…
Abstract A novel wound dressing material was prepared by electrospinning poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/AgNO 3 aqueous solution into nonwoven webs and then treating the webs by heat or UV radiation. Through SEM, TEM, and XPS analyses, it was observed that the silver (Ag) nanoparticles were generated and existed in the near…
Know your onions: Layered onionlike assemblies of surfactant-encapsulated polyoxometalates have been constructed in organic solution (see TEM image of (DODA)4SiW12O40; DODA=dimethyldioctadecylammonium). The hybrid structure arises from the rearrangement of surfactants on the polyoxometalate, which is driven by hydroph…
By confining water in a nanoporous structure so narrow that the liquid could not freeze, it is possible to study properties of this previously undescribed system well below its homogeneous nucleation temperature TH = 231 K. Using this trick, we were able to study, by means of a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,…
We developed an efficient computation scheme for the phase-field simulation of grain growth, which allows unlimited number of the orientation variables and high computational efficiency independent of them. Large-scale phase-field simulations of the ideal grain growth in two-dimensions (2D) and three-dimensions (3D) w…
Biomedical researchers have become increasingly aware of the limitations of conventional 2-dimensional tissue cell culture systems, including coated Petri dishes, multi-well plates and slides, to fully address many critical issues in cell biology, cancer biology and neurobiology, such as the 3-D microenvironment, 3-D…
The mechanism for the stability of the ${\mathrm{Al}}_{8}{\mathrm{V}}_{5}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$-brass containing 52 atoms in its cubic unit cell has been investigated by means of first-principles full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) and linearized muffin-tin orbital-atomic sp…
Computational techniques are key predictive tools in the drive to engineer semiconductive materials. Diamond, intrinsically a wide band-gap insulator, can be made to semiconduct $n$-type by doping with phosphorus. However, the relatively deep level at ${E}_{c}\ensuremath{-}0.6\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ fo…
Coupling waveguide modes with localized resonances such as surface plasmons leads to a strong modification of the waveguide properties. We theoretically investigate the case of metallodielectric structures in the midinfrared spectral range and we demonstrate strong coupling between guided modes and surface modes, whic…
A simple unique 6D atomic structural model for both $i\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{Pd}\mathrm{Mn}$ and $i\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{Cu}\mathrm{Fe}$ is proposed that is built with an unique and simple set of atomic surfaces and chemical subcells. The model has accurate compositions with respect…
Tissue engineering is a rapidly expanding field, which applies the principles and methods of physical sciences, life sciences and engineering to understand physiological and pathological systems and to modify and create cells and tissues for therapeutic applications. It has emerged as a rapidly expanding 'interdiscipl…
Anomalous transport properties are observed in mesoscopic (several hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers) structures of manganite ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{0.65}{({\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.75}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.25})}_{0.35}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$: (i) spontaneous jumps of resistance occur during both the ramping of magnetic f…
Based on a molecular mechanics concept, a nonlinear stick-spiral model is developed to investigate the mechanical behavior of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The model is capable of predicting not only the initial elastic properties (e.g., Young's modulus) but also the stress-strain relations of a SWCNT under…
Abstract Gold nanoclusters (φ = 1.3 nm) stabilized by poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (Au:PVP) were found to show a high catalytic activity toward the aerobic oxidation of alcohols. Various kinds of primary and secondary alcohols were converted to the corresponding carboxylic acids and ketones, respectively, in basic aque…
To analyze the H/D isotope effect on porphine and porphycene molecules including the protonic/deuteronic quantum nature and electron correlation efficiently, the authors have developed the new scheme of the multicomponent hybrid density functional theory [MC_(HF+DFT)]. The optimized geometries of porphine, porphycene,…