Materials Literature
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The paper describes the design methodology that ONDRAF/NIRAS, the Belgian Agency for Radioactive Waste and Enriched Fissile Materials, has developed and applied in the framework of the surface disposal facility for category A waste, i.e. solid conditioned low level radioactive waste that contains a limited amount of l…
Ceria nanofibers were synthesized as soot oxidation catalysts. The morphology of the catalyst was tailored to maximize the contact between the soot particles and the catalyst. Of the synthesized catalysts, the fibrous shape was the most active toward soot oxidation: the peak combustion temperature was reduced from 600…
In this paper the investigation with X-ray Tomography on the structure of a gasoline spray from a GDI injector for automotive applications based on polycapillary optics is reported. Table-top experiment using a microfocus Cu Kα X-ray source for radiography and tomography has been used in combination with a polycapilla…
Due to concerns regarding pollutant and CO2 emissions, advanced combustion modes that can simultaneously reduce exhaust emissions and improve thermal efficiency have been widely investigated. The main characteristic of the new combustion strategies, such as HCCI and LTC, is that the formation of a homogenous mixture o…
Particulate matter (PM) emission of non-road diesel engines is more and more stringently restricted by US, EU, Japan, etc. In order to achieve these emission regulations, diesel particulate filter (DPF) system is applied. However DPF system requires extra fuel consumption in order to burn accumulated particles. Furthe…
The decommissioning of the twin 1040MWe PWRs at Zion, near Chicago USA is a ground breaking programme. The original owner, Exelon Nuclear Corporation, transferred the full responsibility for reactor dismantling and site license termination to a subsidiary of EnergySolutions. The target end state of the Zion site for r…
Ripening, in the dry sausages manufacturing process, has an influence over the main physical, chemical and microbiological transformations that take place inside these products and that define the final organoleptic properties of dry sausages. A number of study about the influence of ripening conditions on the main ch…
Most radioactive waste emerges as well-defined waste streams from operating power reactors. The management of this is an on-going practice, based on comprehensive (IAEA) guidelines. A special waste category however consists of the historical waste from research reactors, mostly originating from various experiments in…
In addendum 4 to the license of the German KONRAD repository, which considers mainly radiological aspects, a water law permit was issued in order to prevent the pollution of the near-surface groundwater. The water law permit stipulates limitations for 10 radionuclides and 2 groups of radionuclides as well as mass limi…
Poly(m-aminobenzoic acid) (m-ABA) film is deposited on glassy-carbon electrode (GCE) by electropolymerization in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solutions (PBS). The electrochemical behavior of polymer film obtained is characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), fourier transform in…
In large cement-based structures such as a near surface disposal facility for radioactive waste voids and cracks are inevitable. However, the pattern and nature of cracks are very difficult to predict reliably. Cracks facilitate preferential water flow through the facility because their saturated hydraulic conductivit…
Espresso coffee is the most popular choice for Italian coffee consumers. It has been estimated that every day, in the world, over of 50 million of Espresso cups are taken. As a consequence of this success, a large number of devices to make Espresso have been developed. In this scenario, a new device has been recently…
In recent years, due to the growing problem of environmental pollution and climate change internal combustion engine stroke volume size has been reduced. The use of down-sized engines provides benefit for reducing emissions and fuel consumption especially at the inner city driving conditions. However, when the engine…
Radioactive waste management is nowadays, after nearly 50 years of concern, a technical and economical challenge faced by existing nuclear power countries. In decommissioning of nuclear facilities after removal of the nuclear equipment (laboratory materials, glove boxes, etc.), the radioactive inventory of the various…
As with the storage of all radioactive materials, the storage of spent nuclear fuel (SF) and high-level radioactive waste (HLW) must conform to safety requirements. Safety aspects like safe enclosure of radioactive materials, safe removal of decay heat, nuclear criticality safety and avoidance of unnecessary radiation…
Natural gas and biogas alone or in combination with conventional liquid fuels (dual-fuel applications) are advanced alternative solutions to diesel and gasoline in the future. Burning of natural- or biogas produces less CO2 emissions per energy unit, and particulate matter emissions can also be reduced compared to mor…
The Kelkit Valley is geographically a transitional zone between the Middle Black Sea and Inner Anatolia regions in Turkey. Two new species of Macrochelidae are described from this area--Longicheles ozkani sp. nov. and Longicheles ayyildizi sp. nov. Longicheles lagrecai (Valle, 1963) is recorded for the Turkish fauna a…
Within the EURATOM FP7 Collaborative Project “Fast / Instant Release of Safety Relevant Radionuclides from Spent Nuclear Fuel (CP FIRST-Nuclides)”, a State-of-the-Art Report was prepared. The fast / instant release fraction (IRF) is defined as a fraction of the inventory of radionuclides that may be rapidly released f…
Orphan wastes have properties preventing them from being managed according to existing or currently planned management routes, or lack characterisation so that their management is uncertain. The identification of new management opportunities for orphan wastes could realise significant benefits by reducing the number o…
The ability to monitor critical environment parameters of nuclear plants at all times, particularly during and after a disruptive accident, is vital for the safety of plant personnel, rescue and recovery crews, and the surrounding communities. Conventional hard-wired assets that depend on supplied power may be decimat…