Materials Literature
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Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on Earth. Optimising energy recovery from this renewable but recalcitrant material is a key issue. The metaproteome expressed by thermophilic communities during cellulose anaerobic digestion was investigated in microcosms. By multiplying the analytical replicates (65 protein f…
The development of simple, efficient, and robust strategies affording the facile construction of biomimetic organocatalytic nano-objects is currently a subject of great interest. Herein, a new pathway to artificial organocatalysts based on partially collapsed individual soft nano-objects displaying useful and diverse…
The potential of graphene as a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) culture substrate to promote cardiomyogenic differentiation is demonstrated. Graphene exhibits no sign of cytotoxicity for stem cell culture. MSCs are committed toward cardiomyogenic lineage by simply culturing them on graphene. This may be attributed, at leas…
Memristors, namely hysteretic devices capable of changing their resistance in response to applied electrical stimuli, may provide new opportunities for future memory and computation, thanks to their scalable size, low switching energy and nonvolatile nature. We have developed a functionally complete set of logic funct…
The telescopic conversion of glucose to fructose and then 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), the latter a potential, bio-derived platform chemical feedstock, has been explored over a family of bifunctional sulfated zirconia catalysts possessing tuneable acid–base properties. Characterisation by acid–base titration, XPS,…
The paradigm shift in dye sensitized solar cells (DSCs) - towards donor- π bridge-acceptor (D-π-A) dyes - increases the performances of DSCs and challenges established design principles. Framed by this shifting landscape, a series of four diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based sensitizers utilizing the donor-chromophore-anc…
Graphene has attracted much attention in biomedical applications for its fascinating properties. Because of the well-known 2D structure, every atom of graphene is exposed to the environment, so the electronic properties of graphene are very sensitive to charged analytes (ions, DNA, cells, etc.) or an electric field ar…
The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is the largest family of secondary active transporters and is present in all life kingdoms. Detailed structural basis of the substrate transport and energy-coupling mechanisms of these proteins remain to be elucidated. YajR is a putative proton-driven MFS transporter found in ma…
We decompose the energy error of any variational density functional theory calculation into a contribution due to the approximate functional and that due to the approximate density. Typically, the functional error dominates, but in many interesting situations the density-driven error dominates. Examples range from cal…
Physical mechanisms causing the efficiency droop in InGaN/GaN blue light-emitting diodes and remedies proposed for droop mitigation are classified and reviewed. Droop mechanisms taken into consideration are Auger recombination, reduced active volume effects, carrier delocalization, and carrier leakage. The latter can…
Recently, inorganic and hybrid light absorbers such as quantum dots and organometal halide perovskites have been studied and applied in fabricating thin-film photovoltaic devices because of their low-cost and potential for high efficiency. Further boosting the performance of solution processed thin-film solar cells wi…
Ln-doped Sb2Te3 (Ln: Lu3+, Er3+, Ho3+) nanomaterials were synthesised by a co-reduction method in hydrothermal condition. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicate that the LnxSb2−xTe3 crystals (Ln = Lu3+, x = 0.00–0.06; Er3+ and Ho3+ x = 0.00–0.04) are isostructural with Sb2Te3. The cell parameter a decreases…
We propose a regioselective unzipping and cutting of strained graphene by oxidation to form graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) of controllable width with well-defined and smooth edges at low temperature. The proposed process is based on first-principles calculations involving a uniaxial external compressive strain along the…
We have first time demonstrated the construction of a plasmonic gold dimer model for bioassays based on immune recognition with surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). To induce a strong plasmonic coupling effect, a dimer of gold nanoparticles (NPs) with a Raman label located between adjacent NPs is assembled throug…
We consider an ensemble of fully connected networks of N oscillators coupled harmonically with random springs and show, using random-matrix-theory considerations, that both the average phonon heat current and its variance are scale invariant and take universal values in the large N limit. These anomalous mesoscopic fl…
The influence of boron (B)-doping and remote plasma hydrogen passivation on the photoexcited charge carrier recombination in silicon nanocrystal/SiC multilayers was investigated in detail. The samples were prepared by high temperature annealing of amorphous (intrinsic and B-doped) Si1−xCx/SiC superlattices. The photol…
An organic material of a noncentrosymmetric l -threonine single crystal was grown in a dimethyl urea solution using the slow evaporation method. The grown crystal was transparent and colorless, with a size of about 20 × 7 × 4 mm 3 , obtained within a period of 10 days. The grown crystal was subjected to various studie…
The quantum conductance of armchair graphene nanopores (aGNPs) with edge impurities is investigated using the tight-binding model and non-equilibrium Green's function method. We find that aGNPs are particularly interesting since their transmission spectra can be easily tuned by pore-edge shaping to produce a variety o…
Community parameters of diatoms have been used as useful bioindicators for bioassessment of both lentic and lotic systems. The influence of enumeration time periods on detecting community parameters of periphytic diatom assemblages within different exposure times was studied using an artificial substratum in coastal w…
Replacement of Zircaloy claddings with SiC/SiC based fuel cladding is introduced as one of the most attractive options of ensuring ultra-high safety of LWRs. Further, the applications of SiC/SiC and C/SiC composite materials in many in-core components of light-water reactors (LWRs), generation IV reactors and fusion r…