Materials Literature
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The challenge to the use of electronically conducting polymers as electrode active materials in supercapacitors is to outperform high-power, double-layer carbon supercapacitors (DLCSs). The present study demonstrates that a hybrid supercapacitor with p-doped poly(3-methylthiophene) (pMeT) as the positive electrode and…
Monocytes and macrophages play critical roles in inflammatory responses to implanted biomaterials. Monocyte adhesion may lead to macrophage activation and the foreign body response. We report that surface chemistry, preadsorbed proteins, and adhesion time all play important roles during monocyte adhesion in vitro. The…
The mesoporous silica SBA-15, functionalised with propylthiol groups during synthesis and rendered porous (mean pore diameter 51 Å) by extraction of surfactant template molecules, shows strong and size selective adsorption of proteins, selectively excluding those with molecular weights of ca. 40000 u and above. A mode…
The mid-wave IR and long-wave IR laser potential of rare-earth ions in chalcogenide glass fiber is reviewed. Spectroscopic data for the mid-wave and long-wave IR transitions for Pr/sup 3+/, Dy/sup 3+/, and Tb/sup 3+/ in chalcogenide glass is presented and used as a basis for discussion of laser potential in these glas…
The electrochemical reactivity of cations such as and into crystalline materials was investigated. The ionic diffusion constant of and into microcrystalline and nanocrystalline was measured by the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique. The ion diffusion constant into a 500 nm crystalline was found to be appro…
High temperature creep properties of Mg–Gd–Y–Zr alloys have been evaluated quantitatively. Creep test was carried out under a stress range of 50–100 MPa and a temperature range of 250–300°C. Within the limits of the creep test conditions used in this study, the activation energy for creep of investigated alloys is in…
Triboluminescent materials have been known for at least four centuries. The majority of work to date has been academic in nature – reporting a new triboluminescent material and/or presenting a spectroscopic study in an effort to explain the mechanism underlying the fracture-induced light emission. Recently, the advant…
Although many benefits are expected by reducing the operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with alloy interconnectors, it should be of concern that chromium oxyhydroxide vapor generated from an oxide scale which is formed on the surface of most high temperature oxidation-resistant alloys, degrades the…
Optically clear thin mesoporous films with covalently attached fluorescein entities are shown to exhibit very fast response pH sensing.
The monomeric alkoxide (BDI)Mg(OtBu)(THF) and triphenylsiloxide (BDI)Zn(OSiPh3)(THF) have been prepared and characterized and shown to reversibly dissociate THF in solution on the NMR time scale; both compounds are active precursors for the ring-opening polymerization of lactide and the rate of polymerization is notab…
Raman scattering for a range of metal phthalocyanines using excitation frequencies from 457.9 to 1064 nm have been interpreted in the light of the recent DFT calculation on zinc phthalocyanine. The intention was to determine the features of the spectra that might be used for in situ analysis of specific phthalocyanine…
Biodegradable polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering were fabricated by a gas-foaming/salt-leaching method using a combination of two effervescent salts, ammonium bicarbonate and citric acid. Poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) in a state of gel-like paste was first produced by precipitation of PLGA dissolved…
The conditions for the fabrication of ideally ordered anodic porous alumina with a high aspect ratio were examined using pretextured Al in oxalic acid solution. The obtained anodic porous alumina has a defect-free array of straight parallel channels perpendicular to the surface. The channel interval could be controlle…
Bi 2 O 3 –ZnO–Nb 2 O 5 pyrochlore thin films were prepared on platinum coated Si wafers using a metalorganic deposition process. The structures, morphologies, and dielectric properties of films with two compositions: (Bi1.5Zn0.5)(Zn0.5Nb1.5)O7 and Bi2(Zn1/3Nb2/3)2O7, were investigated. Thin films of (Bi1.5Zn0.5)(Zn0.5…
Secondary amine–borane adducts R2NH·BH3, which are stable to H2 elimination below 100 °C, undergo efficient catalytic dehydrocoupling at 25–45 °C in the presence of RhI or RhIII complexes to quantitatively form cyclic aminoboranes [NR2–BH2]2 (1: R = Me or 2: cyclo-C4H8); under similarly mild conditions, the analogous…
High temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD), thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), mass spectrometry (MS), in situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and in situ Raman spectroscopy have been used to characterize the thermal decomposition of Co–Al hydrotalcite, [Co6Al2(OH)16](CO3)·4H2O, in air and inert atmospheres…
Fuel conversion to hydrogen is an important part of most fuel cell systems. The paper describes the available technologies for conversion of hydrocarbons and alcohols. The endothermic steam reforming catalysts and processes as well as autothermal reforming are proven technologies. Recent developments include catalytic…
The electrochromic properties of mesoporous tungsten oxide are described and compared to standard sol–gel films of WO3. The block copolymer template used in the synthesis was removed by solvent extraction and calcination methods, leading to mesoporous tungsten oxides which range from amorphous to crystalline depending…
The maximum one-dimensional mobility of charge within the insulated cores of columnarly stacked discotic molecules increases with increasing size (the number of C, N, and O atoms constituting the central aromatic macrocycle, see Figure) of the central core. This relationship can serve as a design criterion for discoti…
Various models so far proposed for the mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of steels are critically reviewed with respect to the manifestation of hydrogen in the fracture process. Recent studies that elucidate the hydrogen states and their relevance to HE are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the role of…