Many‐Electron Atomic Aggregates: Lithium Cluster
This chapter contains sections titled: Clusters and Nanophysics Cubic BCC Arrangement of Lithium Atoms The Cluster: Intermediate between Atom and Solid
Materials Literature
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Water-Vapor Diffusion Through Polymeric Barriers Used in Multi-Component GCLs
The use of geomembranes as components in multi-component geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) has emphasized the important difference between traditional geotechnical hydraulic conductivity testing associated with porous materials including bentonites, and water-vapor transmission testing associated with intact geomembrane…
Caracterização físico-química e avaliação toxicológica preliminar do copolímero sulfato de condroitina-co-N-isopropilacrilamida para uso farmacêutico
A Industria Farmaceutica utiliza polimeros em forma de nanoparticulas em formulacoes de liberacao controlada e vetorizada por possuirem baixo custo em relacao a demais metodos de preparacoes de formas farmaceuticas, aparentemente nao serem reconhecidos pelo sistema de defesa do organismo, proporcionar melhora da efica…
Grain Refinement
This chapter discusses the mechanisms and means for grain refinement upon solidification for both aluminium and magnesium alloys. Grain refinement is based on the control of two basic phenomena: nucleation and growth. The chapter only considers some of the most important parameters of heterogeneous nucleation, as this…
Morphological and Thermal Investigations of Starch‐Based Nanocomposites
This chapter details morphologies and thermal behaviors of starch‐based nanocomposites, as well as their application. It discusses the preparation methods, crystalline structures, and reinforcement mechanisms of various nanofillers in starch based nanocomposites. Dispersibility of nanofillers depends on factors such a…
Bacterial Cellulose
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a fascinating polysaccharide produced by bacteria in the form of a swollen gel‐like membrane with the function of a protective structure. The isolation of the cellulose‐producing strains begins with the search for a microorganism source. The growth of the microorganism and cellulose product…
Biopolymer based structures for biological tissue reconstruction
The thesis entitled Biopolymer based structures for biological tissue reconstruction, structured in four chapters, aims to present the possibility of obtaining biopolymeric structures that can be used in tissue reconstruction, especially bone tissue reconstruction. The following specific objectives were defined and fo…
Isomorph scaling of flexible Lennard-Jones chains
The isomorph theory provides an explanation for the so-called power law density scaling which has been observed in many molecular and polymeric glass formers, both experimentally and in simulations. Power law density scaling (relaxation times and transport coefficients being functions of $\rho^{\gamma_S}/T$, where $\r…
Back Cover: Encapsulation of Metalloporphyrins in a Self‐Assembled Cubic M8L6 Cage: A New Molecular Flask for Cobalt–Porphyrin‐Catalysed Radical‐Type Reactions (Chem. Eur. J. 31/2013)
Radicals caged in a cube! A new, large cubic M8L6 host capable of encapsulating a catalytically active metalloradical-type cobalt–porphyrin catalyst is described by de Bruin and co-workers in their Full Paper on page 10170 ff. The reactions mediated by this system are the first examples of cobalt–porphyrin-catalyzed r…
Recent Progress on Self‐Cleaning Glasses and Integration with Other Functions
Self-cleaning glasses can be realized by coating with one or more layers of functional thin films. Thin films of photocatalytic materials with photoinduced superdrophilicity can make the glasses anti-fogging and the photocatalyticity can further increase the effect of self-cleaning. Some inorganic thin films with hydr…
Mechanical Properties of Chitin‐Based Nanocomposites
Chitin occurs in nature as ordered crystalline microfibrils, forming structural components in animals, algae, and fungi in which chitin acts as a supportive and protective component. This chapter discusses the mechanical properties of chitin/chitosan (CS) nanocomposites. There has been an increased interest in develop…
Multi-species mean-field spin-glasses. Rigorous results
We study a multi-species spin glass system where the density of each species is kept fixed at increasing volumes. The model reduces to the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick one for the single species case. The existence of the thermodynamic limit is proved for all densities values under a convexity condition on the interaction.…
Radiation Dose Assessment for Transport of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Materials
Abstract The IAEA transport regulations TS-R-1 now require transport organisations to implement radiation protection programmes to control radiation dose exposure to workers and the public. Dose assessment is a key feature and the likely doses to workers and the public determine the degree of dose monitoring that is r…
Determination of kinetics of char reactivity with carbon dioxide using thermogravimetry and the distributed activation energy model
A particular field of interest in the development and understanding of current coal-based fuel \nand energy production is the determination of reaction kinetics of various materials. A more \nefficient and accurate method would improve the design and operation of current technology \nused in fuel and energy production…
The Environmental Impact of a Nanoparticle‐Based Reduced Need of Cleaning Product and the Limitation Thereof
Nano-TiO2 and nano-SiO2 have emerged as important nanoparticles to confer a reduced need of cleaning. The overall environmental impact of a nanoparticle-based reduced need of cleaning is uncertain, because only limited information about direct and indirect environmental impacts is available. It would seem that, as yet…
Spectroscopic Characterization of Renewable Nanoparticles and Their Composites
The three most abundant renewable polysaccharides in nature share rather similar building blocks, but they exhibit quite different properties because the existing differences in molecular structure lead to different arrangements and supramolecular structures. In particular, surface modification is performed to improve…
Synthesis of Nanomaterials Using Continuous‐Flow Microreactors
This chapter provides an overview of the exciting progress in synthesis of nanomaterials using continuous-flow microreactors with an emphasis on their processing benefits including fast mixing, rapid heat and mass transfer, well-controlled fluid flow, and good temporal resolution. Microfluidic devices are microsystems…
Morphological and Thermal Investigations of Chitin‐Based Nanocomposites
This chapter reviews the most commonly employed morphological techniques such as optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). It focuses on their applications in the field of chitin‐based nanocomposites. OM is a powerful techniq…
Fabrication of Antireflective Self‐Cleaning Surfaces Using Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly Techniques
This chapter summarizes key topics in the field of multifunctional self-cleaning surfaces, concentrating on the materials and recent development of fabrication techniques using layer-by-layer assembly. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic assembly approaches are discussed, and the principles of antireflection and the mechanism…
Wulff shape of equilibrium crystals
The shape of an equilibrium crystal is obtained, according to the Gibbs thermodynamic principle, by minimizing the total surface free energy associated to the crystal-medium interface. To study the solution to this problem, known as the Wulff construction, is the object of the article.