Materials Literature
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Infrared (IR) spectra of new types of bacterial copolyester, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co -3-hydroxyhexanoate), P(HB- co -HHx) (HHx = 2.5, 3.4, and 12 mol %), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) were measured over a temperature range of 20 °C to higher temperatures (PHB, 185 °C; HHx = 2.5 mol %, 160 °C; HHx = 3.4 mol %, 1…
Abstract Poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) solutions in N , N ‐dimethylformamide were electrospun into webs consisting of 350 nm ultra‐fine fibers. The webs were oxidatively stabilized and followed by heat treatment in the range of 700–1000°C. Characterization of the microstructure of PAN‐based carbon nanofibers was performed…
Molecular simulations were performed to study a system consisting of protein (e.g., lysozyme) and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) terminating with different chemical groups in the presence of explicit water molecules and ions. Mixed SAMs of oligo (ethylene glycol) [S(CH2)4(OCH2CH2)4OH, (OEG)] and hydroxyl-terminated…
Air bubbles have been formed using partially hydrophobic silica nanoparticles as the stabilizer. The particles were of primary particle size 20 nm, chemically treated to different degrees with dichlorodimethylsilane to render them partially hydrophobic. Above a certain bubble size range (typically 80-microm diameter),…
Electrospinning of nanofibers of materials that are difficult to process using conventional techniques is reported. Two fluids are electrospun (see Figure) into fibers with core/shell morphology. The “electrospinnable” shell fluid serves as a process aid to electrospin the core fluid. Three examples are illustrated: p…
Intramolecular folding events, triggered by the presence of salt, induce the self-assembly of β-hairpin peptides into hydrogel networks at physiological conditions. At pH 7.4 and low ionic strength solution conditions, dilute, homogeneous solutions of peptide (≤2 wt %) exhibit the viscosity of pure water. Circular dic…
The production of significant quantities of engineered nanomaterials will inevitably result in the introduction of these materials to the environment. Mobility in a well-defined porous medium was evaluated for eight particulate products of nanochemistry to assess their potential for migration in porous media such as g…
A review of recent results on transition metal doping of electronic oxides such as ZnO, TiO 2 , SnO 2 , BaTiO 3 , Cu 2 O, SrTiO 3 and KTaO 3 is presented. There is interest in achieving ferromagnetism with Curie temperatures above room temperature in such materials for applications in the field of spintronic devices,…
Abstract A direct front‐tracking method using an Eulerian–Lagrangian formulation is developed in two space dimensions. The front‐tracking method is general in that it can track any type of interface once its local velocity is specified or has been determined by calculation. The method uses marker points to describe th…
Abstract Summary: A totally new kind of multilayered tape consisting of two macroscopically ductile polymers (PET and PC) was studied using high voltage electron microscopy (HVEM). Both components were co‐extruded as uniform laminates with thousands of alternating layers. The multilayered PET/PC samples were annealed…
An investigation made into the variation of oxide(−II) electronic polarizability, α oxide( - II), for glasses covering a wide range of composition shows that there is an almost linear relationship between α oxide( - II) and glass basicity (expressed as optical basicity, Λ). However, systematic deviations pinpoint the…
Two new chiral series, with benzoate cores and monofluoro-substitution in positions 2 and 3 of the first phenyl ring near the chiral chain, have been synthesized and characterized. The mesomorphic properties have been analysed by optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and electro-optical measurements. T…
Abstract Summary: A highly sensitive analytical method for evaluation of poly( L ‐lactide) (PLA), poly( ε ‐caprolactone) (PCL), poly( β ‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) degradability was developed using coated cellulose paper, prepared by penetration and adhesion of these plastics into/onto…
The effect of diverse gases on the field emission (FE) properties of ZnO nanorods was investigated. The FE properties of nanorods were fully recovered after evacuating to the initial pressure, even after an abrupt current drop under severe vacuum conditions of Torr induced by the presence of O 2 , N 2 , Ar and air. Th…
The Cu nanowires were prepared in alumina membranes with ordered pore arrays by an electrochemical deposition. X-ray diffraction and scan electron microscopy were employed to characterize the nanowires. The results show that the nanowires are located in the channels of the alumina membrane with a diameter of about 40…
An Fe/ZSM-5 catalyst with a very high Si/Al ratio was prepared, and using it, the effect of NO upon the kinetics of N2O decomposition was studied. The addition of small, nonstoichiometric amounts of NO was observed to cause the rate to increase by more than an order of magnitude. The kinetics were well-fit by a rate e…
Abstract Summary: The possibility to submit a semi‐crystalline polyolefin (or a mixture of different polyolefins) to a phase selective crosslinking process, in order to produce a material with unchanged crystallinity but a partially crosslinked amorphous fraction, has been investigated. The crosslinking process has be…
Novel two-phase materials based on nematic liquid crystals (LC E7) filled with poly(propylene imine) dendrimers of 2–3 nm diameter were investigated for application in light-scattering, electro-optical switches. Polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and rheological experiments all indicate t…
The electronic structure of magnetic impurities in ZnS is determined by near edge x-ray absorption for the $3d$ transition metals Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni embedded in single crystal ZnS. By detecting emitted fluorescence photons instead of electrons it is possible to suppress the background from the host and to eliminate ch…
Several chiral azobenzene compounds having different chiral substituents were synthesized. A cholesteric phase was induced by mixing each chiral azobenzene compound with a host non-chiral nematic liquid crystal (E44). The helical twisting power (HTP) as well as the change in HTP by trans-cis photoisomerization of the…