Materials Literature
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High-quality Zn1−xMgxO(0.00⩽x⩽0.49) thin films were epitaxially grown at 500–650 °C on Al2O3(00⋅1) substrates using metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy. By increasing the Mg content in the films up to 49 at. %, the c-axis constant of the films decreased from 5.21 to 5.14 Å and no significant phase separation was observed…
Five different iron monocarboxylates were used as catalysts in the two-step preparation route of lactic acid based poly(ester-urethane)s (PEU). In the first step, a hydroxyl-terminated poly(lactic acid) prepolymer was prepared, which in the second step was linked with 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate. The resulting poly…
Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments were performed to determine the conformational behavior of unattached deuterated linear poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) chains of M n = 51 000 g mol -1 in uncompressed and compressed end-linked protonated PDMS networks with a minimal amount of defects. The networks were…
Sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy was used to study how linearly polarized UV irradiation could cause bond breaking and alter the surface structure of a polyimide. The spectroscopic results allowed the determination of an approximate orientational distribution of the polymer backbones at a rubbed surface. They al…
Comprehensive X-ray reflectivity (XR) studies were conducted to characterize the structure of thin polyalkylsilicate films made of a poly(methylsilsesquioxane- co -ethylenylsilsesquioxane) precursor containing a star-shaped poly(ε-caprolactone) as a pore generator (porogen). The films were deposited on silicon wafer s…
It is necessary to evaluate the quality of a force field by comparison with known experimental properties before it can be used with confidence in a simulation. Here, such a study is reported for pure 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) solutions and for TFE/water mixtures at two different compositions. Six literature force…
Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) fabricated by the layer-by-layer adsorption of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) are used to selectively bind palladium catalysts for electroless nickel plating. Depending on the pH conditions used during multilayer processing and the polyelectrolyte a…
To more fully understand the potential for transport of nitroaromatic compounds in soils and subsoils,the adsorption of a series of para- and meta-substituted nitrobenzenes (SNBs) by K-smectite clay was measured. Adsorption isotherms were fit to the Freundlich equation, and the resultant Freundlich adsorption coeffici…
Construction of organic−inorganic hybrid materials with controlled mineralization analogous to those produced by nature is now of current interest for both organic and inorganic chemists to understand the mechanism of the natural biomineralization process as well as to seek industrial and technological applications. T…
We report the preparation of polystyrene and silica-coated Au nanorods (aspect ratio 13 with 16 nm short axis). The coating resulted in a modification of the optical properties of the Au nanorods. Dissolution of the Au core from the polystyrene- and silica-coated Au nanorods using KCN enabled the formation of hollow p…
Abstract In designing a gas‐insulated bus (GIB) using N 2 /SF 6 mixtures, there are many application problems, such as the mixture pressure needed in order to maintain the required dielectric and heat transfer performance. Problems of recycling SF 6 are also essential in applying N 2 /SF 6 mixtures. This paper present…
A complete identification and characterization of three distinct capillary instabilities in nematic liquid crystal fibers is presented. Linear stability analysis of capillary instabilities in thin nematic liquid crystalline cylindrical fibers is performed by formulating and solving the governing nematocapillary equati…
Various approaches have been demonstrated for the automatic interpretation of crystallographic data in terms of atomic models. The use of a masked Fourier-based search function has some benefits for this task. The application and optimization of this procedure is discussed in detail. The search function also acquires…
The corrosion products formed during the anodic polarization of molybdenum in 1 M KOH were investigated in situ with time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Mo K-edge. Near edge spectra (XANES) as well as EXAFS scans extending over approximately 1000 eV above the Mo absorption edge were measured as a functi…
Following recent x-ray diffraction experiments by Wong, Li, and Safinya on biopolymer gels, we apply Onsager excluded volume theory to a nematic mixture of rigid rods and strong " pi/2" cross-linkers obtaining a long-ranged, highly anisotropic depletion attraction between the linkers. This attraction leads to breakdow…
The anomalous signal of S atoms is easily detected at the Cu Kalpha wavelength of a non-synchrotron source with current data-collection methods. The position of sulfur and other anomalous scatterers can be located through an anomalous difference Fourier map (F+ - F-, phi(calc) - 90 degrees). It has been discovered exp…
The incorporation of chosen, non-amino acids into cyclopeptides is a promising approach to designs capable of performing specific tasks. While such hybrid cyclopeptides are common in the microbial world, there is hardly any effort by synthetic organic chemists to explore such designs for creating architecturally beaut…
A review is given of the mathematical procedures required for a molecular-replacement structure determination. These apply equally to the more frequently encountered situations where a known homologous structure can be used as a search model and to phase determination in the presence of non-crystallographic symmetry (…
Abstract Many dynamical properties of polymers, including segmental relaxation and chain diffusion, exhibit anomalies in thin‐film samples. We extend the studies of thin‐film dynamics to the case of semicrystalline polymers and present a study of the crystal growth rate for thin films of poly(ethylene oxide). We used…
Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Mechanical Aspects and Macroscopic Fracture-Surface Orientation Chapter 3: Fracture Mechanisms and Microfractographic Features Chapter 4: Fracture Modes and Macrofractographic Features Chapter 5: Failure Analysis of Composites Chapter 6: Electronic Failure Analysis Chapter 7: Case St…