Materials Literature
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Abstract Typical applications and research areas of polymeric biomaterials include tissue replacement, tissue augmentation, tissue support, and drug delivery. In many cases the body needs only the temporary presence of a device/biomaterial, in which instance biodegradable and certain partially biodegradable polymeric…
Polyelectrolyte capsules have recently been introduced as new microscopic vehicles which could have high potential in the biomedical field. In this critical review we give an introduction to the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique which is used to fabricate these polyelectrolyte capsules as well as to the different trigger…
Despite recent exciting progress in catalysis by supported gold nanoparticles, there remains the formidable challenge of preparing supported gold catalysts that collectively incorporate precise control over factors such as size and size-distribution of the gold nanoparticles, homogeneous dispersion of the particles on…
We report the detailed mechanical characterization of individual amyloid fibrils by atomic force microscopy and spectroscopy. These self-assembling materials, formed here from the protein insulin, were shown to have a strength of 0.6 +/- 0.4 GPa, comparable to that of steel (0.6-1.8 GPa), and a mechanical stiffness, a…
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is widely used in almost all industrial areas, particularly in the chemical industry and environmental protection. The only degradation product of its use is water, and thus it has played a large role in environmentally friendly methods in the chemical industry. Hydrogen peroxide is produced o…
We find in a model system of thermotropic liquid crystals that the translational diffusion coefficient parallel to the director D(parallel) first increases and then decreases as temperature drops through the nematic phase, and this reversal occurs where the smectic order parameter of the underlying inherent structures…
We use a relatively simple continuum model to investigate the effects of dielectric inhomogeneity within confined liquid-crystal cells. Specifically, we consider, in planar, cylindrical, and spherical geometries, the stability of a nematic-isotropic interface subject to an applied voltage when the nematic liquid cryst…
UV irradiation of porphyrin solutions in halogenated solvents leads to various extents of protonation, aggregation, and formation of solid deposits depending on the nature of the specific porphyrin, the light source, the initial solution concentration, the halogenated solvent, and the nature of the supporting substrat…
Abstract Three novel [γ‐SiW 10 O 36 ] 8– dimers, [{K(H 2 O)} 2 {(μ 3 ‐H 2 O)M(H 2 O)}(γ‐Si 2 W 20 O 70 )] 8– (M = Mn 2+ , 1 ; Co 2+ , 2 ; Ni 2+ , 3 ), are isolated from an aqueous acidic medium without isomerization, which is different from most reactions of [γ‐SiW 10 O 36 ] 8– with first‐row transition metals. They a…
A facile synthesis of bile acid-based dendritic structures with multiple naproxen groups at the periphery and a single anthracenyl moiety on the side chain is described. The photophysical properties have been studied by both steady-state and time-resolved techniques. Absorption studies indicate that there are no groun…
Using Monte Carlo simulations and an extended Landau-Alexander-McTague theory, we demonstrate that colloids in a one-dimensional quasicrystalline potential order in triangular and rhombic-alpha crystalline phases. Increasing the strength of the potential further, a new type of light-induced melting is discovered that…
The mechanisms responsible for the formation of the shell in core-shell nanocrystals are ion-displacement and heterogeneous nucleation. In the ion-displacement mechanism, the shell is formed by the displacement reaction at the surface of the core nanoparticle whereas in heterogeneous nucleation the core particle induc…
Abstract ZnO/Al 2 O 3 , CuO/Al 2 O 3 , and CuO/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 xerogels and aerogels have been prepared by a sol–gel route using propylene oxide as gelation initiator. For aerogel preparation, the solvent was extracted with supercritical CO 2 . Calcination of these xerogels and aerogels was followed by thermogravimetry (…
The corrosion resistance of carbon steels in caustic-containing sulfide solutions depends on the formation of a stable passive film on the metal surface. As processes change chemical concentrations and temperature parameters, the corrosivity of the system also changes. New resistant materials such as duplex stainless…
The NASICON-type compound La 1/3 Zr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 has been studied by thermal X-ray diffraction. It was found to exhibit, around 1000 °C, a reversible phase transition from P 3̄ to P 3̄ c 1 due to a modification of the lanthanum distribution in the [Zr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 ] - network. This evolution was confirmed by 31 P NMR ex…
We report measurements of field-effect transistors made of isolated single-walled carbon nanotubes contacted by superconducting electrodes. For large negative gate voltage, we find a dip in the low-bias differential resistance. Remarkably, this dip persists well above the superconducting transition temperature of the…
A new method for syntheses of hyperbranched poly(ester-amide)s from commercially available A 2 and CB x type monomers has been developed on the basis of a series of model reactions. The aliphatic and semiaromatic hyperbranched poly(ester-amide)s with multihydroxyl end groups are prepared by in situ thermal polycondens…
The adsorption of NO(2) molecules on a series of zigzag (n,0) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) (n = 6-12) have been investigated by first-principles methods. The results indicate that the tube diameter and the concentration of NO(2) gas determine the interactions between NO(2) molecules and the tube. The chemiso…
Abstract The promotion of the Fenton reaction by Cu 2+ ions has been investigated using a wide range of [Cu 2+ ]. Both the disappearance of Fe 2+ and the evolution of O 2 were followed as a function of time by quenching the reaction mixture with o ‐phenanthroline or with excess Fe 2 + ions, respectively. Two series of…
In this paper, we report the synthesis of thorium oxide and Eu-doped thorium oxide nanotubes for the first time using the sol-gel method in porous anodic aluminum oxide template. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were applied to characterize the morphology and st…